Binciko Shirin Sanyaya Yanayi

Shirin Binciko Yanayin Sanyi wani yunƙuri ne na kimiya na Birtaniyya da ke mayar da hankali kan binciken fasahar injiniyan yanayi da aka tsara don rage tasirin ɗumamar yanayi. Babban makasudin shirin ya ƙunshi bincika hanyoyi daban-daban don rage zafin saman duniya ta hanyar iyakance hasken rana zuwa yuwuwar rage ci gaban canjin yanayi.

ta Afrilu 2025, Cibiyar Bincike da Ƙirƙirar Ƙirƙirar (ARIA) da Majalisar Binciken Muhalli ta Ƙasa sun ba da jimillar fam miliyan 61 a cikin tallafin gwamnati ga shirin injiniyan yanayi a cikin ayyukan bincike da yawa.

Ƙaddamarwa

Daraktan Shirin sanyaya yanayi, Farfesa Mark Symes ya bayyana ra'ayin cewa, haɗarin da ke damun yanayin yanayi - kamar yuwuwar rugujewar ruwan tekun Atlantika ko manyan kankara - yana buƙatar bincike kan hanyoyin da za su iya kwantar da duniyar cikin sauri. Shugabannin shirye-shiryen, bayan tuntubar daruruwan masu bincike, sun yi iƙirarin cewa an fara aikin ne saboda rashin samun bayanai masu ma'ana daga gwaje-gwajen zahiri na zahiri game da yunƙurin rage sauyin yanayi, wanda simintin gwaje-gwaje da ƙirar kwamfuta kaɗai ba za su iya bayarwa ba.

A ƙarshen 2024, Cibiyar Bincike da Ƙirƙirar Ƙirƙirar (ARIA) ta ware fam miliyan 50 zuwa ga cikakken shirin bincike wanda ya haɗa da ƙananan gwaje-gwaje na waje. Cikakkar wannan yunƙurin, Hukumar Binciken Muhalli ta ƙasa (NERC) ta ƙaddamar da ƙarin fam miliyan 11 a ranar 3 ga Afrilu, 2025, don bincika yuwuwar tasirin ayyukan injiniyan hasken rana. Tallafin biyu ya haifar da Burtaniya ta zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu ba da kuɗi na kimiyyar injiniyan yanayi, a daidai lokacin da aka yi hasashen gudummawar Amurka za ta ragu a ƙarƙashin gwamnatin Donald Trump na biyu.

Shirin ya yi niyya don gwada hanyoyin da yawa don sarrafa hasken rana (SRM). Waɗannan sun haɗa da allurar aerosol na stratospheric, wanda ya haɗa da gabatar da barbashi masu haske zuwa sararin sama don billa hasken rana zuwa sararin samaniya; girgijen ruwa yana haskakawa, wanda ya haɗa da fesa ruwan teku don haɓaka hasken girgije; da cirrus Cloud thinning, wanda ya haɗa da shuka ƙanƙara a cikin gajimaren cirrus don rage tsawon lokacinsu.

Shirin ya ba da matakai da yawa don rage yiwuwar lahani da gwaje-gwajen suka haifar, kamar haramcin sakin abubuwa masu guba, buga cikakken nazarin tasirin muhalli kafin gwaje-gwaje, da tuntuɓar wakilan al'umma a yankunan da gwaje-gwajen suka yi tasiri. Masu binciken shirin sun bayyana fatan cewa za a iya haɓaka matakan da aka gwada a cikin ma'auni a cikin shekaru goma, idan gwaje-gwajen sun nuna alamun nasara.

Rigima

Masu sukar, ciki har da mashahuran masu binciken yanayi da dama, sun bayyana gwaje-gwajen sarrafa hasken rana da shirin zai gudanar a matsayin wata hanya mara kyau wacce ke karkatar da hankali daga muhimmin aiki na rage fitar da iskar carbon. Manyan masu bincike Michael Mann da Raymond Pierrehumbert sun bayyana ƙoƙarin a matsayin "mai haɗari mai haɗari" daga tushen tushen canjin yanayi, kuma ya yi kama da "shan aspirin don ciwon daji".