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Bioenergy tare da kamawa da adanawa na carbon

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Bioenergy tare da kamawa da adanawa na carbon
method (en) Fassara da technology
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na Rage canjin yanayi da Biomass carbon removal and storage (en) Fassara
Gajeren suna BECCS
Muhimmin darasi carbon storage (en) Fassara
By-product (en) Fassara bioenergy (en) Fassara
Uses (en) Fassara Biomass (en) Fassara
Misali na BECCS: Diagram na tashar wutar lantarki tare da kama carbon da adanawa.[1]

bioenergy tare da kamawa da adana carbon (BECCS) shine tsari na cire bioenergy daga biomass da kamawa kuma adana carbon dioxide (CO2) wanda aka samar.

Rashin iskar gas daga bioenergy na iya zama ƙasa saboda lokacin da aka girbe ciyayi don bioenergy, sabon ciyayi na iya girma wanda zai sha CO2 daga iska ta hanyar photosynthesis.[./Bioenergy_with_carbon_capture_and_storage#cite_note-2 [1]] Bayan an girbe biomass, ana cire makamashi ("bioenergy") a cikin siffofi masu amfani (wutan lantarki, zafi, biofuels, da dai sauransu) yayin da ake amfani da biomass ta hanyar konewa, fermentation, pyrolysis ko wasu hanyoyin juyawa.[2] Yin amfani da bioenergy yana fitar da CO2. A cikin BECCS, an kama wasu CO2 kafin ya shiga cikin yanayi, kuma an adana su a karkashin kasa ta amfani da fasahar kama carbon da adanawa. A wasu yanayi, BECCS na iya cire carbon dioxide daga yanayi.[3]

An kiyasta yiwuwar hayaki mara kyau daga BECCS ya zama sifili zuwa 22 giga a kowace shekara.[4] Ya zuwa 2024, akwai manyan ayyukan BECCS 3 da ke aiki a duniya.[5] Yaduwar turawar BECCS an ƙuntata ta hanyar farashi da wadatar biomass.[6][7] : 10 Tun da samar da biomass yana da yawa a ƙasa, tura BECCS na iya haifar da manyan haɗari ga samar da abinci, haƙƙin ɗan adam, da bambancin halittu.[8]

Rashin fitarwa mara kyau

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Tsarin kwararar carbon don tsarin makamashi daban-daban.

Babban roƙon BECCS shine a cikin ikonsa na haifar da mummunan fitar da 2" href="./Carbon_dioxide" id="mwTg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Carbon dioxide">CO2. Kama carbon dioxide daga tushen bioenergy yadda ya kamata yana cire CO2 daga yanayi.[9][10]

Bioenergy an samo shi daga biomass wanda shine tushen makamashi mai sabuntawa kuma yana aiki azaman nutsewar carbon yayin girma. Yayin tafiyar matakai na masana'antu, kwayoyin halitta kone ko sarrafa su suna sake sakin CO 2 cikin yanayi. Fasahar kama carbon da adanawa (CCS) tana aiki don katse sakin CO 2 zuwa cikin sararin samaniya da tura shi zuwa wuraren ajiyar ƙasa, [11] [12] ko kankare. [13] Tsarin haka yana haifar da fitar da sifilin sifili na CO 2, ko da yake wannan na iya zama mai kyau ko kuma mara kyau dangane da iskar carbon da ke hade da haɓakar halittu, sufuri da sarrafawa, duba ƙasa ƙarƙashin la'akari da muhalli. [14] CO 2 tare da asalin halitta ba wai kawai an sake shi daga biomass da aka yi amfani da wutar lantarki ba, har ma a lokacin samar da ɓangaren litattafan almara da aka yi amfani da shi don yin takarda da kuma samar da kwayoyin halitta irin su biogas da bioethanol . Hakanan ana iya amfani da fasahar BECCS akan hanyoyin masana'antu kamar waɗannan [15] da yin siminti.

Fasahar BECCS ta kama carbon dioxide a cikin tsarin ƙasa a hanyar da ba ta da iyaka, yayin da itace ke adana carbon kawai a lokacin rayuwarta. A shekara ta 2 an kiyasta cewa fiye da kashi 99% na carbon dioxide da aka adana ta hanyar tsare-tsare na ƙasa na iya kasancewa a wurin sama da shekaru 1000.[16] A shekara ta 2005, IPCC ta kiyasta cewa fasahar BECCS za ta samar da "mafi kyawun dindindin" ta hanyar adana CO2 a cikin tsarin ƙasa a ƙarƙashin ƙasa, dangi ga wasu nau'ikan sinks na carbon. Ruwan carbon kamar teku, bishiyoyi, da ƙasa suna da haɗarin mummunar canjin yanayi a yanayin zafi. [17]

Industrial processes have released too much CO2 to be absorbed by conventional sinks such as trees and soil to reach low emission targets.[18] In addition to the presently accumulated emissions, there will be significant additional emissions during this century, even in the most ambitious low-emission scenarios. BECCS has therefore been suggested as a technology to reverse the emission trend and create a global system of net negative emissions.[19][18][20][21] This implies that the emissions would not only be zero, but negative, so that not only the emissions, but the absolute amount of CO2 in the atmosphere would be reduced.

Kudin

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Kimanin farashin BECCS ya kasance daga $ 60- $ 2 a kowace tan na CO2.

An kiyasta cewa hanyoyin electrogeochemical na hada ruwan saline electrolysis tare da yanayin ma'adinai wanda ke amfani da wutar lantarki da ba a samo shi ba zai iya, a matsakaita, kara yawan samar da makamashi da cire CO2 da fiye da sau 50 dangane da BECCS, a daidai ko ma da ƙananan farashi, amma ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike don haɓaka irin waɗannan hanyoyin.

Manazarta

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  1. ↑ Sanchez, Daniel L.; Kammen, Daniel M. (2015-09-24). "Removing Harmful Greenhouse Gases from the Air Using Energy from Plants". Frontiers for Young Minds. 3. doi:10.3389/frym.2015.00014. ISSN 2296-6846.
  2. ↑ Sasidhar, Nallapaneni (30 November 2023). "Carbon Neutral Fuels and Chemicals from Standalone Biomass Refineries". Indian Journal of Environment Engineering. 3 (2): 1–8. doi:10.54105/ijee.B1845.113223 Check |doi= value (help).
  3. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :3
  4. ↑ Smith, Pete; Porter, John R. (July 2018). "Bioenergy in the IPCC Assessments". GCB Bioenergy. 10 (7): 428–431. Bibcode:2018GCBBi..10..428S. doi:10.1111/gcbb.12514. |hdl-access= requires |hdl= (help)
  5. ↑ "Global Status Report 2024". Global CCS Institute (in Turanci). pp. 57–58. Retrieved 2024-10-19.
  6. ↑ Rhodes, James S.; Keith, David W. (2008). "Biomass with capture: Negative emissions within social and environmental constraints: An editorial comment". Climatic Change. 87 (3–4): 321–8. Bibcode:2008ClCh...87..321R. doi:10.1007/s10584-007-9387-4.
  7. ↑ Fajardy, Mathilde; Köberle, Alexandre; Mac Dowell, Niall; Fantuzzi, Andrea (2019). "BECCS deployment: a reality check" (PDF). Grantham Institute Imperial College London.
  8. ↑ Deprez, Alexandra; Leadley, Paul; Dooley, Kate; Williamson, Phil; Cramer, Wolfgang; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Rankovic, Aleksandar; Carlson, Eliot L.; Creutzig, Felix (2024-02-02). "Sustainability limits needed for CO 2 removal". Science (in Turanci). 383 (6682): 484–486. doi:10.1126/science.adj6171. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 38301011 Check |pmid= value (help). S2CID 267365599 Check |s2cid= value (help).
  9. ↑ Möllersten, Kenneth; Yan, Jinyue (2001). "Economic evaluation of biomass-based energy systems with CO2 capture and sequestration in kraft pulp mills - The influence of the price of CO2 emission quota". World Resource Review. 13 (4): 509–525.
  10. ↑ Read, Peter; Lermit, Jonathan (2005). "Bio-energy with carbon storage (BECS): A sequential decision approach to the threat of abrupt climate change". Energy. 30 (14): 2654. Bibcode:2005Ene....30.2654R. doi:10.1016/j.energy.2004.07.003.
  11. ↑ Seeram Invalid |url-status=Daniela La Rosa (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
  12. ↑ Möllersten, Kenneth; Yan, Jinyue; r. Moreira, Jose (2003). "Potential market niches for biomass energy with Samfuri:CO2 capture and storage—Opportunities for energy supply with negative Samfuri:CO2 emissions". Biomass and Bioenergy. 25 (3): 273. doi:10.1016/S0961-9534(03)00013-8.
  13. ↑ (Marco ed.). Missing or empty |title= (help)
  14. ↑ g. Cassman, Kenneth; Liska, Adam J. (2007). "Food and fuel for all: Realistic or foolish?". Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining. 1: 18–23. doi:10.1002/bbb.3. Archived from the original on 2020-05-29. Retrieved 2019-12-14.
  15. ↑ Möllersten, K.; Yan, J.; Westermark, M. (2003). "Potential and cost-effectiveness of [[:Samfuri:CO2]] reductions through energy measures in Swedish pulp and paper mills". Energy. 28 (7): 691. doi:10.1016/S0360-5442(03)00002-1. S2CID 54647011. URL–wikilink conflict (help)
  16. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named IPCC5
  17. ↑ "Global Status of BECCS Projects 2010". Biorecro AB, Global CCS Institute. 2010. Archived from the original on 2014-05-09. Retrieved 2011-12-09.
  18. 1 2 Hare, Bill; Meinshausen, Malte (2006). "How Much Warming are We Committed to and How Much can be Avoided?". Climatic Change. 75 (1–2): 111–149. Bibcode:2006ClCh...75..111H. doi:10.1007/s10584-005-9027-9. S2CID 154192106.
  19. ↑ Obersteiner, M. (2001). "Managing Climate Risk". Science. 294 (5543): 786–7. doi:10.1126/science.294.5543.786b. PMID 11681318. S2CID 34722068.
  20. ↑ Azar, Christian; Lindgren, Kristian; Larson, Eric; Möllersten, Kenneth (2006). "Carbon Capture and Storage from Fossil Fuels and Biomass – Costs and Potential Role in Stabilizing the Atmosphere". Climatic Change. 74 (1–3): 47–79. Bibcode:2006ClCh...74...47A. doi:10.1007/s10584-005-3484-7. S2CID 4850415.
  21. ↑ Lindfeldt, Erik G.; Westermark, Mats O. (2008). "System study of carbon dioxide (Samfuri:CO2) capture in bio-based motor fuel production". Energy. 33 (2): 352. Bibcode:2008Ene....33..352L. doi:10.1016/j.energy.2007.09.005.
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