Bitrus Magubane

Bitrus Magubane
Rayuwa
Haihuwa	Johannesburg, 18 ga Janairu, 1932
ƙasa	Afirka ta kudu
Mazauni	Sophiatown (en)
Mutuwa	1 ga Janairu, 2024
Karatu
Harsuna	Turanci
Sana'a
Sana'a	mai daukar hoto, ɗan jarida da anti-apartheid activist (en)
Kyaututtuka	gani Robert Capa Gold Medal  (1985) Dr. Erich Salomon Prize Coretta Scott King Award  (1983)
IMDb	nm0536535

Peter Sexford Magubane OMSS (18 Janairu 1932 - 1 Janairu 2024) ɗan Afirka ta Kudu mai ɗaukar hoto ne kuma mai fafutukar yaƙi da nuna wariyar launin fata. Ya fara ɗaukar hotuna tun yana ɗan makaranta kuma ya fara kwararren mai ɗaukar hoto a Drum. Magubane ya zama ɗaya daga cikin masu ɗaukar hoto bakar fata na farko a Afirka ta Kudu ƙarƙashin jagorancin babban mai ɗaukar hoto Jürgen Schadeberg a Drum. A tsawon shekarunsa na ɗaukar hoto, an kama Peter Magubane sau da yawa saboda ɗaukar hotunan da ake ganin ya bata wa jihar dadi. Ba wai kawai ya yi yaƙi da nuna wariyar launin fata da ɗaukar hoto ba, amma ya ba da labarinsa da kuma labarin yawancin baƙaƙen fata na Afirka ta Kudu ta hanyar littattafansa. Magubane yakan haɗa da taken ko kasidu na gabatarwa don ɗaukar hoto don mai kallo ya iya fassara hotunansa da kyau. Ya zama mai ɗaukar hoto na shugaban ƙasa Nelson Mandela a shekarar 1990.

Rayuwar farko

An haifi Peter Sexford Magubane a ranar 18 ga watan Janairun 1932 a Vrededorp (yanzu Pageview, wani yanki na birnin Johannesburg); Ya girma a Sophiatown. Ya fara ɗaukar hotuna ta hanyar amfani da kyamarar akwatin Kodak Brownie da mahaifinsa ya ba shi.

A shekara ta 1954 ya karanta wani kwafin Drum, wata mujalla da ta shahara wajen ba da rahoto game da baƙar fata a cikin birane da illolin nuna wariyar launin fata. "Suna tunkarar al'amuran zamantakewa da suka shafi baƙaƙen fata a Afirka ta Kudu. Ina so in kasance cikin wannan mujallar." Magubane ya shiga ma'aikatan Drum a shekarar 1954.

Lokacin da Magubane ya fara aiki a Drum, ya yi aiki da hawansa daga matsayi na mataimaki da direba. Bayan watanni shida na ayyuka marasa kyau, an ba shi aikin ɗaukar hoto a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Jürgen Schadeberg, babban mai ɗaukar hoto. Ya ari kyamara kuma ya rufe taron ANC na shekarar 1955. "Na koma ofis da sakamako mai kyau ban waiwaya ba."

Kasancewa cikin aiki a shekarun farko bai kasance da sauƙi ba, kamar yadda ya tuna: “Ba a ƙyale mu mu ɗauki kamara a fili ba idan ‘yan sanda suna da hannu, don haka sau da yawa nakan ɓoye kyamarata don samun hotunan da nake so. A wani lokaci na ɓoye kyamarata a cikin Littafi Mai Tsarki da ba ta da tushe, ina harbi tare da sakin kebul a cikin aljihuna. A wani lokaci kuma, a wata shari’a a Zeerust wacce aka dakatar da manema labarai a Leicaaf, na ɓoye leƙen asiri na. na yi kamar zan ci yayin da nake harbin hotuna lokacin da burodin ya gangaro, sai na sayi madara na ɓoye kyamarar a cikin kwali kuma dole ne ku yi tunani da sauri kuma ku yi sauri don tsira a waɗannan kwanaki.

Magubane ya ɗauki hoton mafi yawan lokutan tarihi na Afirka ta Kudu, kamar Sharpeville a shekarar 1960 da kuma shari'ar Mandela ta Rivonia a shekarar 1964. Daga baya ya tuna: "Ban taɓa ganin matattu da yawa haka ba." Editan nasa ya so ya san dalilin da ya sa bai yi wani kusanci ba. Sai Magubane ya yanke shawarar cewa ba zan shiga cikin ruɗani ba ko kaɗan sai bayan na gama aikina.