Black Liberation Front
 Black Liberation Front | |
|---|---|
| Bayanai | |
| Iri | ma'aikata |
| Ƙasa | Birtaniya |
The Black Liberation Front (BLF) ƙungiyar baƙar fata ce, Pan-African and African socialist organist a United Kingdom, aiki daga 1971 zuwa 1993.[1] An dauke ta daya daga cikin mafi tasiri kungiyoyin Black Power a Birtaniya, kuma an fuskanci barazana da hare-hare daga National Front, kai hare-hare a kafofin watsa labarai, cin zarafi daga 'yan sanda, da kuma jihar sa ido. [1] [2] [3] An shiga cikin ƙarin makarantu, gidaje masu araha, tallafi ga fursunoni, da shagunan litattafai na al'umma, musamman a London. [4]
Mafi sirri fiye da British Black Panthers, yawancin membobinsu sun kasance ba a san su ba. [5] An san Tony Soares a matsayin daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa. [6] Sauran sanannun membobin sun hada da Joan Anim-Addo, Jackie Daniel, Lennox Drayton, Terry Rocque, NNA Pepukayi, Desrie Thomson-George, Winston Trew, Tee White da Ansel Wong . [6] Kamar sauran ƙungiyoyin siyasar Baƙar fata na Burtaniya na lokacin, amma ba kamar takwarorinsu na Amurka ba, BLF ta rungumi Baƙar fata ta siyasa - wakiltar mutanen Afirka, Asiya da Caribbean.
BLF tana da alaƙa da ƙungiyoyin Pan-African a duk duniya, galibi suna aika kuɗi zuwa Afirka, kuma ta taimaka wajen shirya bukukuwan ranar 'yanci na Afirka a shekarun 1970 da 1980. BLF ta gudanar da rumfunan titi don sayar da littattafai da fastoci, gami da ɗaya akan titin Acklam, kusa da Westway, North Kensington . Sun kuma buga Jaridar Grassroots, wanda sau da yawa ya nuna ayyukan kirkire-kirkire tare da labarai kan ƙungiyoyin mulkin mallaka a baya a Afirka da Caribbean. [1] [4]
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]BLF ta fito ne daga reshen Arewa da Yammacin London na British Black Panthers Movement (BBPM) a farkon 1971. [7] Waɗannan tsoffin membobin BLF sun yi niyya don ƙaura daga tsattsauran ra'ayin Marxist-Leninism na BBPM zuwa gabaɗayan mayar da hankali kan damuwar masu aiki na Baƙar fata, suna jawo wasu wahayi daga kishin al'adun Baƙar fata. [7] Tony Soares, wanda a baya ya kasance wani bangare na reshen BBPM na Arewacin Landan, ya ce Panthers sun zama "kungiyoyin Marxist da Trotskyite sun kutsa kai" wanda talakawa ba za su yi la'akari da shi ba. A baya ya buga kwafin jawabin Stokely Carmichael a matsayin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Afro-Asian a London a cikin 1967, kuma daga baya zai taimaka wa reshen Arewacin London na BBPM ya zama Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Baƙar fata. [8] Maimakon juyin-juya hali a Biritaniya, BLF ta mayar da hankali kan "rayuwa ga Bakaken fata a Biritaniya da zamantakewar al'umma a yankunansu". [8]
A cikin Afrilu 1971, jim kadan bayan kafa, BLF ta gudanar da wani taro a Methodist Central Hall, Westminster tare da BBPM da Black Unity and Freedom Party (BUFP). Ba'amurke Panther George Jackson ya yi jawabi a wurin taron, wanda ya tara fam 2,000 kuma ya jawo masu sauraro dubu uku. [7] A cikin Nuwamba 1971, dan gwagwarmayar kare hakkin jama'a na Amurka Robert F. Williams ya rubuta wa Soares don goyon baya, yana neman BLF don nuna rashin amincewa da fitar da shi daga Ann Arbor, Michigan, zuwa North Carolina . BLF ta yi zanga-zangar a wajen ofishin jakadancin Amurka don wayar da kan duniya game da halin da ake ciki, kodayake a ƙarshe an mika Williams a 1975. [7]
A cikin 1972, Fasimbas ( lit. ' ) sun haɗu cikin BLF. An kafa shi a cikin 1970, Fasimbas asalin su ne reshen matasa na Ƙungiyar Iyaye ta Kudu maso Gabashin London (SELPO), kuma sun ba da ƙarin ilimi, darussan kare kai, da wasan kwaikwayo ga matasa Baƙar fata. [9]
An kafa BLF a Titin Golborne 61 har zuwa 1986, lokacin da ta koma 71 Golborne Road. Gidan titin Golborne ya hada da kanti na jaridar BLF Grassroots . [10]
Ilimi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]BLF ta damu musamman da rashin daidaiton ilimi a Burtaniya . Saboda littattafan da baƙar fata suka rubuta suna da matukar wahala a samo asali a Landan a lokacin, BLF ta kafa shagunan littattafai guda uku cike da tarihin Baƙar fata, Baƙar fata da wallafe-wallafen Baƙar fata. Kantin sayar da Grassroots akan Ladbroke Grove yana ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan shagunan litattafai, kuma ya zama cibiyar al'umma. Shagon litattafai na Operation Headstart ya ba da bayanai ga matasa kuma a karshen mako, masu aikin sa kai suna gudanar da azuzuwan lissafi, Turanci da tarihin baƙar fata a wurin. [1] Tana da wata ’yar’uwa ta matasa mai suna Fasimbas. [6]
Tushen ciyawa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Grassroots: Black Community News (wani lokaci mai salo Tushen Tushen ) ita ce jaridar BLF. Ya gudana daga 1978-1986, kuma ana samunsa a biranen Burtaniya.
Tsarin walwala da gidaje
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]BLF ta gudanar da tsare-tsare na jindadin fursunoni, da kuma tsare-tsare don tallafawa matan Baƙar fata. A cikin 1977, BLF ta kafa ƙungiyar Ujima Housing Association don magance matsalolin da suka shafi wariya a cikin gidaje, mai da hankali musamman ga matasa da iyaye mata. A cikin 1988, Ujima ta buɗe mafaka ga mata baƙi waɗanda ke guje wa tashin hankalin gida . A shekara ta 2008, lokacin da aka haɗa Ujima zuwa London da Quadrant, an kiyasta kadarorinta a kan fam biliyan biyu.
Gado
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ƙungiyar ita ce abin da aka fi mayar da hankali ga aikin Baƙar fata na Siyasa na Baƙar fata a Biritaniya - The Black Liberation Front (BLF) 1971-1994 da Steve McQueen's Small Axe. [6]
Kara karantawa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Trew, Winston N. Black don Dalili. Derbyshire: Derwent Press, 2010.
Magana
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Sigaud, J. (2020-10-17). "Black Liberation Front, 1971-1993 - A Blue Print for Activism Today". EDITIONS Black History Month, Magazines, Windrush 75, Newsletters & Publications© (in Turanci). Retrieved 2024-02-01. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":0" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ "The Black Liberation Front + Q&A". Black History Walks (in Turanci). Retrieved 2024-02-01.
- ↑ UCL (2021-04-12). "VIRTUAL: The Black Liberation Front Q&A". Institute of Advanced Studies (IAS) (in Turanci). Retrieved 2024-02-01.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Black Liberation Front". younghistoriansproje (in Turanci). Retrieved 2024-02-01. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":2" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ "The Black Power Movement". Google Arts & Culture (in Turanci). Retrieved 2024-02-01.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 "OLD BLF Exhibition". younghistoriansproje (in Turanci). Retrieved 2024-02-01. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":3" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Angelo, Anne-Marie (2018). "'Black Oppressed People All over the World Are One': The British Black Panthers' Grassroots Internationalism, 1969–73". Journal of Civil and Human Rights. 4 (1): 64–97. doi:10.5406/jcivihumarigh.4.1.0064. ISSN 2378-4245. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":5" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 8.0 8.1 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs named:6 - ↑ Prescod, Colin (2011-10-31). "Book Review: Black for a Cause … Not Just Because …". Race & Class (in Turanci). 53 (2): 97–100. doi:10.1177/0306396811414494. ISSN 0306-3968 – via Sage Journals.
- ↑ "Collection: Black Liberation Front Publications". collections.blackculturalarchives.org. Black Cultural Archives. 23 February 2022. Retrieved 2 April 2025.