Boutros-Ghali

Boutros Boutros-Ghali (14 ga Nuwamba 1922 - 16 ga Fabrairu 2016) ɗan siyasan Masar ne kuma ɗan diflomasiyya wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin babban sakatare na shida na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya daga 1992 zuwa 1996. Kafin nadin sa a matsayin babban sakatare, Boutros-Ghali ya kasance mukaddashin Ministan harkokin waje na Masar tsakanin 1977 da 1979. Ya kula da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a wani lokaci wanda ya dace da rikice-rikicen duniya da yawa, gami da rushewar Yugoslavia da Kisan kare dangi na Rwanda.

An haife shi ne a cikin iyalin Kirista na Coptic a Alkahira, Boutros-Ghali ya kasance malami ne ta hanyar horo kuma ya koyar da dokar kasa da kasa da alakar kasa a Jami'ar Alkahira daga 1949 zuwa 1979. Ya fara aikinsa na siyasa ne a lokacin shugabancin Anwar Sadat, wanda ya nada shi mukaddashin ministan harkokin waje a shekarar 1977. A wannan matsayin, ya taimaka wajen tattauna Yarjejeniyar Camp David da Yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya ta Masar da Isra'ila tsakanin Sadat da Firayim Ministan Isra'ila Menachem Begin . Ya kasance mukaddashin ministan har zuwa farkon 1991, lokacin da ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin ministan harkokin waje na 'yan watanni.

An zabi Boutros-Ghali a matsayin babban sakatare na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a shekarar 1991 kuma ya fara wa'adinsa a shekarar 1992, ya gaji Javier Pérez de Cuéllar . Lokacin mulkinsa ya kasance alama ce ta gardama da rikice-rikice, wanda ya haɗa da Yaƙin basasar Somaliya, Yaƙin basasar Rwanda, ci gaba da yakin basasa na Angola da yaƙe-yaƙe na Yugoslav . Ya sami zargi game da rashin aiki na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Angola da kuma lokacin kisan kare dangi a Rwanda, kuma rashin tasirin aikin kiyaye zaman lafiya na Majalisar Dattijai a Bosnia ya haifar da Shiga tsakani na NATO. A shekara ta 1996, Boutros-Ghali ya yi takara ba tare da hamayya ba a karo na biyu a matsayin sakatare janar, amma Amurka, da ba ta gamsu da jagorancinsa ba, ta musanta yunkurinsa ta hanyar amfani da veto na Majalisar Tsaro.

Daga 1999 zuwa 2003 ya kasance daga cikin mambobin kwamitin ba da shawara na Sakatare Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan batutuwan rushewa kuma an nada shi shugaban kwamitin a shekara ta 2001. Bayan ya dawo Alkahira an nada shi Ambassador-at-Large a ma'aikatar. barin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Boutros-Ghali ya yi aiki a matsayin Sakatare Janar na farko na La Francophonie daga 1997 zuwa 2002. Daga nan sai ya zama shugaban Cibiyar Kudancin, wani tanki na tunani na gwamnati don kasashe masu tasowa. Ya mutu a shekara ta 2016, a Alkahira yana da shekaru 93.

Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi

An haifi Boutros Boutros-Ghali a Alkahira, Misira, a ranar 14 ga Nuwamba 1922 a cikin Iyalin Kirista na Orthodox na Coptic. Mahaifinsa Yusuf Butros Ghali ɗan Boutros Ghali Bey ne sannan Pasha (kuma sunansa), wanda ya kasance Firayim Minista na Masar daga 1908 har zuwa lokacin da aka kashe shi a 1910. Mahaifiyarsa, Safela Mikhail Sharubim, 'yar Mikhail Sharibim ce (1861-1920), fitaccen ma'aikacin gwamnati kuma masanin tarihi. Wani mai kula da yarinyar Slovenia ne ya haifi yaron, daya daga cikin wadanda ake kira Aleksandrinke [sl]; ya kasance kusa da Milena, "abokinsa mai mahimmanci da amintacce", fiye da mahaifiyarsa.