Brenda da Robert Vale
 Brenda da Robert Vale | |
|---|---|
married couple (en)  da architectural firm (en) |
Farfesa Brenda Vale da Dokta Robert Vale sune gine-gine, marubuta, masu bincike, da masana a fagen gidaje masu ɗorewa.
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Bayan nazarin gine-gine tare a Jami'ar Cambridge, a cikin 1975 Vales sun buga "The Autonomous House", jagorar fasaha don haɓaka hanyoyin gidaje waɗanda ke da isasshen makamashi, masu aminci ga muhalli, masu sauƙin kiyayewa, kuma suna da bayyanar gargajiya. An fassara littafin cikin harsuna biyar kuma an san shi sosai a matsayin rubutu na asali a fagen gine-gine.
A cikin shekarun 1980s Vales sun tsara gine-ginen kasuwanci da yawa a Ingila, musamman cibiyar kiwon lafiya ta Woodhouse mai kauri, mai kauri a Sheffield.
A cikin shekarun 1990s Vales sun kammala muhimman ayyukan gine-gine guda biyu a Nottinghamshire: na farko a 1993, gini na farko mai cin gashin kansa a Ingila, gidan dakuna huɗu don kansu a garin tarihi na Southwell. Littafin su "The New Autonomous House" [1] ya rubuta ƙirar da kuma gina wannan gidan, wanda rana ke da dumi da kuma wutar lantarki, yana samar da ruwan sha daga ruwan sama, ya hada da ruwan da ya ɓace, kuma ya dace da tarihinsa. Gidan ya kasance gaba ɗaya ba tare da layin tarho da haɗin wutar lantarki ba. Wannan na ƙarshe yana ba da wutar lantarki daga grid lokacin da mazauna ke amfani da wutar lantarki fiye da yadda aka samar da bangarorin hasken rana da aka ɗora a bayan gidan, da kuma fitarwa a lokutan ƙarni mai yawa.
Sauran shine Hockerton Housing Project, gidaje guda biyar masu hawa daya ta amfani da wannan tsarin ƙira na ganuwar kauri, taro mai zafi, da superinsulation.
A shekara ta 1996, Vales sun yi hijira zuwa New Zealand, inda suka gudanar da farfesa a Makarantar Gine-gine, Jami'ar Victoria ta Wellington . [1] A cikin shekarun da suka gabata dukansu sun yi aiki a Jami'ar Auckland, galibi a matsayin kula da ayyukan bincike na Doctoral. Brenda Vale ta kula da binciken masanin Min Hall.
Gwamnatin Australiya ce ta ba su izini, sun haɓaka tsarin ƙididdigar gini na musamman da ake kira NABERS wanda ke auna tasirin muhalli na gine-ginen da ke akwai. A cewar Brenda, wannan shine aikin su mafi muhimmanci.
Littafin su na 2009 mai rikitarwa, Time to Eat the Dog? The Real Guide to Sustainable Living, yana kallon tasirin muhalli da "ƙwanƙwasawar ƙafar carbon" (ƙwanƙolin ƙafar carbon) na dabbobi na gida.[2] Daga cikin ikirarin binciken su shine cewa kare mai matsakaici yana da sau biyu na Sawun carbon na SUV da aka fitar da kilomita 10,000 (mil 6,000) a kowace shekara, bisa ga tasirin makamashi na samar da abinci da samar da sharar gida.[3] Baya ga sawun carbon, suna nazarin nau'ikan dabbobi da yawa game da tasirin su akan yawan namun daji, yaduwar cututtuka, da gurɓata. An yi niyyar taken ne don girgiza.[3] An yi ikirarin kuskuren lissafi yana nuna cewa binciken Vales ya fito ne da kashi 20, yana sa kare ya rage samar da hayaki fiye da mota.[4] Marubutan sun ba da shawarar raba dabbobi, ko kiwon "dabbobi masu cin abinci" kamar kaji, zomo ko aladu, a matsayin hanyar ragewa ko rage tasirin muhalli. Shirin da suka bayar a shekara ta 2008 ga Majalisar Birnin Wellington ta haramta kiwon dabbobi na gargajiya don tallafawa dabbobi masu cin abinci an dauke su ba abin yarda da su ba ga 'yan majalisa.[3]
Vales masu tara kayan wasa ne na gini, kuma masu ba da shawara game da wasa ba tare da koyarwa ba don koyar da ra'ayoyin tsari, tushe na gine-gine.[1] Littafin su na 2013, Architecture on the Carpet: The Curious Tale of Construction Toys, ya bincika rubutun cewa kayan wasa suna koya wa yara ra'ayoyin gine-gine waɗanda daga baya zasu iya rinjayar salon zane na manya.[2] Littafin yana kallon tsarin Lego, Meccano, Lincoln Logs, da samfuran da ba a sani ba a cikin mahallin ka'idojin koyarwa kamar modularity da ginin ɗaukar kaya.[1]
Dubi kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Ginin mai cin gashin kansa
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- dorewa
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