Bukatar sarrafa iska
 Bukatar sarrafa iska |
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Bukatar iskar iska (DCV) hanya ce mai sarrafa martani don kula da ingancin iska na cikin gida wanda ke daidaita ƙimar iskar da aka bayar ta atomatik zuwa sarari don amsa canje-canjen yanayi kamar lambar mazaunin ko tattara gurɓataccen gida. Mafi yawan gurɓataccen cikin gida da ake saka idanu a tsarin DCV shine carbon dioxide da zafi.[1] Wannan dabarar sarrafawa an yi niyya ne don rage ƙarfin da ake amfani da shi ta hanyar dumama, iska, da na'urorin sanyaya iska (HVAC) idan aka kwatanta da na gine-ginen da ke amfani da madaidaicin madauki tare da yawan iskar iska.
Lokacin amfani da DCV
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Daidaitaccen tsarin tsarin HVAC yana amfani da ƙayyadaddun ƙimar iska don ƙididdige iskar waje (OA) da ake buƙata a sarari. Ana ƙididdige waɗannan ƙimar kwararar iska ta lambar injina kuma sun bambanta bisa tsammanin zama da amfani da sarari.[2] Wannan tsari na samar da ƙayyadaddun iskar iska zuwa sararin samaniya yana tabbatar da cewa isassun OA yana cikin wannan sarari lokacin da aka mamaye shi. Duk da haka, ba koyaushe ana cika irin waɗannan wuraren ba; A cikin waɗannan lokuta, makamashi yana ɓacewa yayin da tsarin HVAC ke aiwatar da OA fiye da yadda ya kamata ga mazauna sararin samaniya. Bukatar kula da iska shine kyakkyawan zaɓi ga daidaitaccen ƙira a cikin waɗannan yanayi saboda tsarin DCV kawai yana ba da iskar waje da ake buƙata don hidimar mazauna cikin sarari. Saboda haka, makamashin da aka kwatanta a sama ba a ɓata ba a cikin wannan nau'in tsarin.[3]
Aikace-aikacen DCV a cikin nau'ikan tsarin daban-daban
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ana amfani da DCV da farko a cikin tsarin jujjuyawar iska (VAV). A cikin tsarin DCV VAV, ana daidaita kwararar iska zuwa wani yanki don sarrafa zafin jiki da fitowar iska zuwa sararin samaniya. Yin amfani da matakan gurɓataccen abu da aka auna a cikin yanki, mai sarrafa tsarin yana saita mafi ƙarancin buƙatun buƙatun yankin don rage yawan gurɓataccen gurɓataccen abu. Irin wannan tsarin sarrafawa yana goyan bayan na'urar firikwensin gurɓatacce (misali firikwensin carbon dioxide), injin mitar mitar mai canzawa (VFD) akan fan ɗin da ke ba da yankin, akwatunan VAV guda ɗaya tare da maimaita kowane sarari a yankin, da tashoshin auna iska.
An gudanar da bincike akan aikace-aikacen DCV a cikin tsarin ƙarar iska (CAV). Ko da yake tsarin CAV ba zai iya daidaita yanayin iska ba, masu bincike sun yi gwaji tare da gudanar da kayan aikin CAV na lokaci-lokaci don rage yawan makamashi. A cikin wannan tsarin da aka tsara, kayan aikin HVAC za su ci gaba da gudana yayin da sararin ke mamaye, sannan a kunna da kashewa don kula da ingancin iska na cikin gida yayin da babu kowa.[4]
Sanin carbon dioxide
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Matakan carbon dioxide da aka auna a cikin sarari ana amfani da su don sarrafa tsarin DCV saboda matakin CO2 gabaɗaya ya yi daidai da matakin abubuwan da ke haifar da gurɓataccen yanayi, ko mahaɗar da ke cikin sararin samaniya. Carbon dioxide na'urori masu auna firikwensin suna lura da matakan carbon dioxide a cikin sararin samaniya ta hanyar tsara dabaru. Sanya na'urori masu auna firikwensin ya kamata su iya ba da cikakkiyar wakilci na sarari, yawanci ana sanya su a cikin bututun dawowa ko a bango. Yayin da firikwensin ke karanta yawan adadin carbon dioxide a cikin sarari, samun iska yana ƙaruwa don tsoma matakan. Lokacin da sarari bai kasance ba, firikwensin yana karanta matakan al'ada, kuma ya ci gaba da ba da ƙimar iskar da ba ta cika ba. An ƙaddara wannan ƙimar ta ma'auni na mai ginin, tare da mai tsarawa da kuma ASRAE Standard 62.1.
Lambobi & ma'auni
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Lambobin tunani na gama gari da ƙa'idodi don samun iska:
Lambar Injiniyanci ta Duniya (IMC) Babi na 4: Samun iska
Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Duniya don Daidaitawa (ISO) Rarraba Ƙira ta Duniya (ICS) 91.140.30: Tsarin iska da na'urorin kwantar da iska
Al'umman Hankali, masu sakawa, da injiniyan iska (Ashrae) 62.1 & 62.2: Matsayi don ingancin iska da ingancin iska
Misalai na kimanta zama
Siyar da tikiti
Jadawalin lokaci
Ƙofofin sarrafawa masu kyau
Motion na'urori masu auna firikwensin (fasaha daban-daban da suka hada da: Sauti mai ji, sauti mara ji, infrared)
Gano Gas (CO2) A cikin binciken da aka yi akan makarantun Norwegian, ta yin amfani da na'urori masu auna firikwensin CO2 don DCV an gano su don rage yawan amfani da makamashi da kashi 62% idan aka kwatanta da tsarin iska mai ƙarfi (CAV) akai-akai.
Raba bayanan kayan aikin tsaro (ciki har da mutanen da ke kirga software na bidiyo)
Fitowa daga wasu na'urori masu auna firikwensin tsarin / kayan aiki, kamar mitoci masu wayo.[5]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Zhang, Sheng; Ai, Zhengtao; Lin, Zhang (23 April 2021). "Novel demand-controlled optimization of constant-air-volume mechanical ventilation for indoor air quality, durability and energy saving". Applied Energy. 293: 116954. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.116954. ISSN 0306-2619.
- ↑ International Code Council. (2024). International Mechanical Code (IMC). International Code Council
- ↑ Demand Control Ventilation Benefits for Your Building" (PDF). KMC Controls. 2013
- ↑ O'Neill, Zheng D.; Li, Yanfei; Cheng, Hwakong C.; Zhou, Xiaohui; Taylor, Steven T. (30 April 2019). "Energy savings and ventilation performance from CO 2 -based demand controlled ventilation: Simulation results from ASHRAE RP-1747 (ASHRAE RP-1747)". Science and Technology for the Built Environment. 26 (2): 257–281. doi:10.1080/23744731.2019.1620575. ISSN 2374-4731.
- ↑ Jin, Ming; Jia, Ruoxi; Spanos, Costas J. (1 November 2017). "Virtual Occupancy Sensing: Using Smart Meters to Indicate Your Presence". IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing. 16 (11): 3264–3277. arXiv:1407.4395. doi:10.1109/tmc.2017.2684806. S2CID 1997078.