Buryatia

BuryatiaBuryatia, [a] a hukumance Jamhuriyar Buryatia, [b] jumhuriya ce ta Rasha da ke Gabas Mai Nisa ta Rasha. Tsohon yanki ne na Gundumar Tarayya ta Siberiya, ana gudanar da shi a matsayin wani yanki na Gundumar Tarayya mai Nisa tun daga 2018. A arewacinta akwai Irkutsk Oblast da Lake Baikal, tafkin mafi zurfi a duniya; Zabaykalsky Krai zuwa gabas; Tuva a yamma da Mongoliya a kudu.[1] Babban birninta shine birnin Ulan-Ude. Tana da fadin murabba'in kilomita 351,300 (135,600 sq mi) tare da yawan jama'a 978,588 (ƙidayar 2021). Gida ne ga Buryats na asali.

Yanayin ƙasa

Jamhuriyar tana cikin Siberia" id="mwfA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="South Central Siberia">Yankin kudu maso tsakiya Siberia tare da gabar gabashin Tafkin Baikal .

Yankin: kilomita 351,300 (135,600 sq
Yankuna: Na ciki: Irkutsk Oblast (W/NW/N), Zabaykalsky Krai (NE/E/SE/S), Tuva (W) Duniya: Mongolia (Lardin Bulgaria, Lardin Khövsgöl da Lardin Selenge) (S/SE) Ruwa: Tafkin Baikal (N)
- Cikin gida: Irkutsk Oblast (W/NW/N), Zabaykalsky Krai (NE/E/SE/S), Tuva (W)
- Kasashen Duniya: Mongolia (Lardin Bulgaria, Lardin Khövsgöl da Lardin Selenge) (S / SE)
- Ruwa: Tafkin Baikal (N)
Matsayi mafi girma: Dutsen Munku-Sardyk (3,491 metres (11,453 ft) )

Koguna

Kogin Barguzin
Kogin Irkut
Kogin Kitoy
Kogin Oka
Kogin Selenga
Kogin Uda
Kogin Upper Angara
Kogin Vitim

Tafkin Baikal - kashi 60% na bakin tekun yana cikin Buryatia.
Tafkin Gusinoye
Baunt
Busani
Kapylyushi
Tsarin Tafkin Yeravna-Khorga

Duwatsu

Fiye da kashi 80% na yankin jamhuriya yana cikin yankin tsaunuka, gami da Dutsen Baikal a kan iyakar arewacin Tafkin Baikal, Ulan-Burgas a gabashin tafkin, da Selenga Highlands a kudu kusa da iyakar Mongolia da Rasha.

Albarkatun halitta

Yanayi

Average annual temperature: 0 °C (32 °F) ^{[ana buƙatar hujja]}
Average January temperature: −17 °C (1 °F)
Average July temperature: +25 °C (77 °F)
Average annual precipitation: 244 millimetres (9.6 in)

Yanayin ya bambanta, tare da babban birnin Ulan-Ude yana da yanayin zafi da arewa tare da Yanayin zafi na nahiyar.

Tarihi

Mutanen Mongolian sun rayu a kusa da yankin tafkin Baikal tun daga karni na biyar, tare da abubuwan tarihi na al'adun Slab Grave masu alaka da Mongolic da aka samu a yankin Baikal.[1][2] Bayan lokaci, al'ummomin Mongolic na yankuna sun haɓaka zuwa ƙungiyoyi daban-daban, ɗaya daga cikinsu ya zama Buryats. Ƙarin rarrabuwa na Buryats sun fito ne daga waɗanda ke zaune a yammacin gabar tafkin Baikal, tare da mafi kyawun ƙasa don aikin noma, da kuma waɗanda ke gabas, waɗanda ke yin nomadism akai-akai kuma suka ci gaba da zama a cikin motsi na yurts. Sakamakon mafi girman filayen noma, yankin yammacin tafkin Baikal ya kasance mazauna Turai a lokacin mulkin Rasha - Buryats na yammacin Buryat sun fi fallasa su da kuma tasiri da al'adu, addinai, da tattalin arzikin makwabta na Turai, yayin da Buryats na gabas ya ci gaba da dangantaka da sauran al'ummomin Mongolic, Buddha, da wayewar Asiya.^[1]

Yankin Buryatia yana ƙarƙashin daular Xiongnu (209 BC-93 AZ) da Mongolian Xianbei jihar (93-234), Rouran Khaganate (330-555), Turkic Khaganate na farko (552-603), Turkic Khaganate na Gabas (682-744), daular Tang 7–78 (4) (744-840), Yenisei Kyrgyzs Khaganate (840-1208), Mongol Empire (1206-1368), da Yuan ta Arewa (1368-1635).[1] Kabilar Mongol na zamanin da kamar su Merkit, Bayads, Barga Mongols da Tümeds sun zauna Buryatia . ^[2]

Daular Rasha

Cossacks da sauran jami'an tsarists sun fara motsawa zuwa gabas zuwa ƙasashen Buryat na yamma a cikin 1625, inda suka kiyasta 30,000 Buryats suna zaune a kudu maso gabashin Siberia, suna karɓar haraji daga wasu, ƙananan kabilun Siberiya. Buryats sun yi tsayayya da shigarwa cikin tsarin haraji na Daular Rasha (yasak) wanda ke buƙatar samar da fata na shekara-shekara; har zuwa shekarun 1680 ne aka tilasta wa ƙasashen Buryat na ƙarshe na gabashin shiga cikin tsarin yasak. A shekara ta 1666, an kafa sansanin Udinskoye. Wannan yanki daga baya ya zama sananne da Verkhneudinsk - a cikin 1934, an sake masa suna Ulan-Ude, babban birnin Buryatia na yanzu.

Daga shekara ta 1727 ita ce ƙetare kan iyaka don cinikin Kyakhta tsakanin Rasha da China. Wanda ya kafa Kyakhta, Serb Sava Vladislavich, ya kafa shi a matsayin wurin kasuwanci tsakanin Rasha da Daular Qing. Sauye-sauyen 1820 na Mikhail Speransky ya kafa mulkin kai tsaye a kan Buryatia ta hanyar tsara shugabannin dangin yankin a matsayin mambobin hukuma na "Duma na steppe" don shigar da su cikin gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ta yanzu.

An amince da addinin Buddha a matsayin addinin hukuma na Daular Rasha ta Empress Elizabeth a cikin 1741, tare da Pandito Khambo Lama na farko, jagoran ruhaniya na Buddha na Buryat, wanda aka zaba a cikin 1764. Mutumin farko da ya yi aiki a wannan rawar shi ne Damba Dorzha Zaiaev (1711-1776). A lokacin Juyin Juya Halin Bolshevik, Dashi-Dorzho Itigilov ya yi aiki a matsayin Pandito Khambo Lama na 12 na Gabashin Siberia daga 1911 zuwa 1917. Itigilov ya sauka a 1917 a lokacin juyin juya halin kuma daga baya ya ƙarfafa ɗalibansa su gudu zuwa Mongolia, kodayake ya ki ya gudu da kansa.

Soviet Buryatia

Ƙungiyoyin ƙasa, gami da na Buryatia, sun fara haɓaka bayan Juyin Juya Halin Fabrairu a 1917. Daga watan Maris na shekara ta 1917, manyan masu basira na Buryat sun shirya tarurruka da yawa a biranen kamar su Petrograd, Chita, Irkutsk, da Verkhneudinsk (Ulan-Ude na yanzu) kuma sun gayyaci wakilai daga gundumomin gudanarwa na Buryat na yankunan Irkutsk da Transbaikalia. Ƙarshen waɗannan tarurruka shine Majalisar Buryat ta farko a ranar 23-25 ga Afrilu 1917 a Chita, inda masu fafutuka suka ba da shawara ga yankin Buryat mai cin gashin kansa, bisa ga samfuran Poland da Finland, tare da zaɓaɓɓen jiki, Buryat National Duma, wanda duk Buryats, maza da mata, sama da shekaru 18 kuma ba tare da yanke hukunci ba, za su shiga ciki. Wannan Duma za ta zabi wani zartarwa na dindindin, kwamitin Buryat National, wanda zai dauki nauyin kamar shirya zaben, tara Buryat Duma, da kuma buga ayyukan a cikin harshen Buryat. Daga cikin sauran batutuwan da aka tattauna a Majalisa sun kasance kafa Majalisar Ilimi don ƙirƙirar makarantun Buryat, horar da malamai, da kuma tsarin karatun da ya haɗa da tarihin Buryats da Mongols da karatun Buryat.

Bayan juyin juya halin Nuwamba a shekara ta 1917, yunkurin Buryat na neman 'yancin kai ya kasance mai sarkakiya ta hanyar zuwan sojojin kasar Japan zuwa Buryatia a shekara ta 1918. Shugabannin Buryat na kasa suna ganin Jafanawa a matsayin masu karfi da kuma manyan abokan taimaka wa yunkurin 'yancin kai, amma haɗin gwiwar a ƙarshe ya gaza saboda abubuwan da suka saba da juna. Sojojin Red Army sun ci gaba a Buryatia a shekarar 1920 kuma suka ci gaba da zuwa Mongoliya Mongoliya a shekarar 1921. Dangane da alkawurran da Bolsheviks suka yi na tabbatar da kai da 'yancin cin gashin kai, da kuma rashin hadin gwiwar Japanawa, shugabannin Buryat sun rungumi ra'ayin gina kasar Buryat tare da sabuwar kasar Soviet. A shekara ta 1923, Buryat Jamhuriya Socialist ta Tarayyar Soviet (Buryat: Буряадай Автономито Совет Социалис Республика; Rashanci: Бурятская Автономная Социалистическая Республика) an kirkiro shi ne sakamakon hadewar jihar Buryat da Buryat Oblast tare da yin alkawarin samun cin gashin kai na yanki. A cikin 1929, an danne wani tawaye a Buryatia, wanda ya haifar da tarawa da danniya na addinin Buddah. A cikin 1937, Aga Buryatia da Ust-Orda Buryatia sun rabu daga Buryat-Mongoliya ASSR kuma sun haɗu da Chita da Irkutsk Oblast, bi da bi. A shekara ta 1958, an cire sunan "Mongol" daga sunan jamhuriyar kuma kawai ya zama Jamhuriyar Socialist ta Buryatia mai cin gashin kanta ta Tarayyar Soviet a cikin manyan kabilu daban-daban, Tarayyar Soviet.

An buɗe Ivolginsky Datsan a cikin 1945 a matsayin cibiyar ruhaniya ta Buddha ta USSR, gida ga Kwamitin Ruhaniya na Tsakiya na Buddha na USSR, Sangha mai sarrafawa.

Masu basira na Buryat sun kasance masu aiki a ko'ina cikin Buryatia da bayan, zuwa Tibet da Mongolia. A farkon karni na 20, shugabannin Buryats, kamar Batu-dalai Ochirov da Mikhail Bogdanov, sun fara rubuta rubutun siyasa game da barazanar Buryatia da Buryat daga Rasha. Duk da tasirin da aka sani daga 1900 zuwa 1930, an wanke mafi yawansu, an kashe su kai tsaye ko kuma an tura su sansanonin fursuna, a cikin shekarun 1930.^[3]

Shugaban Buryat ASSR daga 1962 zuwa 1984 shine Andrei Urupkheevich Modogoev.[1] A cikin shekarun 1970s, hukumomin Soviet sun fara manyan ayyukan masana'antu guda biyu a Buryatia: tashar wutar lantarki ta Gusinoozerskii zuwa kudancin Ulan-Ude da gina hanyar jirgin kasa ta Baikal-Amur Mainline a arewacin Buraytia. Gina ayyukan biyu, musamman na layin dogo, ya buƙaci ɗaukar aikin kamfen don kawo ma'aikata daga wasu sassan ƙasar zuwa Buryatia. Garuruwa sun ci gaba tare da layin dogo, kuma yawan biranen arewacin Buryatia ya ninka tsakanin 1979 da 1989.[2] Baya ga Rashawa da suka ƙaura zuwa Buryatia don aiki, Buryats daga wasu sassa na kudancin Siberiya kuma sun yi ƙaura zuwa Buryat ASSR, musamman Ulan-Ude da sauran biranen don ayyukan yi da damar ilimi. Kafin yakin duniya na biyu, kasa da 10% na Buryat sun rayu a cikin birane, idan aka kwatanta da kusan rabin lokacin faduwar Tarayyar Soviet. A shekara ta 1989, kashi ɗaya bisa uku na al'ummar Buryat na Buryat ASSR suna zaune a Ulan-Ude.

Buryatia bayan Soviet

Buryat ASSR ta ayyana ikon mallaka a cikin 1990 kuma ta karɓi sunan Jamhuriyar Buryatia a cikin 1992. Koyaya, ya kasance jamhuriya mai cin gashin kanta a cikin Tarayyar Rasha. A ranar 11 ga Yulin 1995 Buryatia ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar raba iko tare da gwamnatin tarayya, ta ba ta ikon cin gashin kanta.^[4] An soke wannan yarjejeniyar a ranar 15 ga Fabrairu 2002.^[5]

Bayan rushewar Tarayyar Soviet, Jamhuriyoyin da ke da ikon cin gashin kansu kamar Buryatia ba su da damar rabuwa. Koyaya sun riƙe ikon cin gashin kansu, tare da majalisa da shugaban kasa daban. Koyaya an rage wannan ikon cin gashin kai bayan dokar 2004 da Vladimir Putin ya zartar da ita wacce ta ba da umarnin a nada gwamnonin yanki da shugabanni, maimakon a zabe su kai tsaye.

Siyasa

Shugaban Jamhuriyar shine Shugaban (tsohon Shugaban kasa), wanda masu jefa kuri'a na jamhuriyar suka zaba don wa'adin shekaru hudu. Daga 2004 zuwa 2012 shugaban Buryatia (tare da duk sauran shugabannin yankuna a Rasha) ne Shugaban Rasha ya zaba kai tsaye.^[6]

Tsakanin 1991 da 2007, Shugaban kasa shine Leonid Vasilyevich Potapov, wanda aka zaba a ranar 1 ga Yuli 1994, an sake zabarsa a 1998 (tare da 63.25% na kuri'u), sannan aka sake zabar shi a ranar 23 ga Yuni 2002 (tare da sama da 67% na kuri'un). Kafin zaben, Potapov ya kasance Shugaban Babban Soviet na Jamhuriyar - matsayi mafi girma a wannan lokacin.

Shugaban Jamhuriyar na yanzu shine Alexey Tsydenov, wanda aka zaba ta hanyar kuri'un jama'a a ranar 10 ga Satumba 2017. Kafin wannan ya kasance mukaddashin Shugaban, bayan da Shugaban Rasha Vladimir Putin ya nada shi a watan Fabrairun 2017. ^[7]

majalisa dokokin Jamhuriyar ita ce Khural na Jama'a, wanda aka zaba a kowace shekara biyar. Jam'iyyar People's Khural tana da wakilai 66 kuma a halin yanzu jam'iyyar da ke mulki a kasar, United Russia, ce ke mamaye ta, tare da kujeru 45. Vladimir Anatolyevich Pavlov ya kasance Shugaban Khural na Jama'a tun watan Satumbar 2019.

An amince da Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Jamhuriyar a ranar 22 ga Fabrairu 1994.

A cikin Zaben shugaban kasa na Rasha na 2024, wanda masu sukar suka kira yaudara da zamba, Shugaba Vladimir Putin ya lashe kashi 87.96% na kuri'un a Buryatia.^[8]

Rarrabawar gudanarwa

Ya zuwa shekara ta 2013, an raba Buryatia zuwa gundumomi 21, birane ko garuruwa 6, ƙauyuka 16 na birane da Selsoviets da somons 238.

Yawan jama'a

Yawan jama'a: 972,021 (2010 Census); 981,238 (2002 Census); 1,041,119 (1989 Soviet census).

Gidaje

Historical population
Year	Pop.	±%
1926	388,900	—
1939	545,766	+40.3%
1959	673,326	+23.4%
1970	812,251	+20.6%
1979	900,812	+10.9%
1989	1,041,119	+15.6%
2002	981,238	−5.8%
2010	972,021	−0.9%
2021	978,588	+0.7%

Ranar ƙidayar jama'a	1926	1939	1959	1970	1979	1989	2002	2010
Yawan jama'a	491,236	545,766	673,326	812,251	899,398	1,038,252	981,238	972,021
Matsakaicin ƙaruwar yawan jama'a na shekara-shekara				+1.7%	+1.1%	+1.5%	−0.4%	−0.1%
Maza	248,513						467,984
Mata	242,723						513,254
Mata a cikin maza 1000	977						1,097
Kashi na birane	9.3%						59.6%
Yankin (km²)	368,392	351,334	351,334	351,334	351,334	351,334	351,334	351,334
Yawan jama'a / km²	1.3	1.6	1.9	2.3	2.6	3.0	2.8	2.8

Muhimman kididdiga

Dzharun Khashor, mafi girma stupa a Jamhuriyar Buryatia.

Tushen: Ofishin Kididdiga na Tarayyar Rasha ^[9]^[10]

Shekara	Matsakaicin yawan jama'a (dubban)	Haihuwar rayuwa	Mutuwa	Canjin yanayi	Yawan haihuwa (a kowace shekara 1000)	Yawan mace-mace (a kowace shekara 1000)	Canjin halitta (a kowace 1000)	Yawan haihuwa
1970	816	14,766	6,301	8,465	18.1	7.7	10.4
1975	862	17,751	7,586	10,165	20.6	8.8	11.8
1980	921	19,859	8,734	11,125	21.6	9.5	12.1
1985	993	23,975	9,529	14,446	24.1	9.6	14.5
1990	1,050	19,185	9,602	9,583	18.3	9.1	9.1	2.18
1991	1,052	16,868	9,753	7,115	16.0	9.3	6.8	2.03
1992	1,049	13,944	10,347	3,597	13.3	9.9	3.4	1.87
1993	1,043	11,981	12,388	−407	11.5	11.9	−0.4	1.65
1994	1,039	12,327	13,650	−1,323	11.9	13.1	−1.3	1.66
1995	1,035	12,311	12,588	−277	11.9	12.2	−0.3	1.60
1996	1,031	12,159	12,441	−282	11.8	12.1	−0.3	1.57
1997	1,025	11,555	12,111	−556	11.3	11.8	−0.5	1.51
1998	1,017	11,746	11,481	265	11.6	11.3	0.3	1.53
1999	1,009	11,468	13,114	−1,646	11.4	13.0	−1.6	1.42
2000	1,001	11,654	13,155	−1,501	11.6	13.1	−1.5	1.42
2001	992	11,678	13,858	−2,180	11.8	14.0	−2.2	1.44
2002	983	12,830	14,404	−1,574	13.1	14.7	−1.6	1.52
2003	977	13,177	15,056	−1,879	13.5	15.4	−1.9	1.51
2004	973	13,399	14,868	−1,469	13.8	15.3	−1.5	1.49
2005	969	13,551	15,144	−1,593	14.0	15.6	−1.6	1.41
2006	966	14,193	13,930	263	14.7	14.4	0.3	1.41
2007	965	15,460	12,802	2,658	16.0	13.3	2.8	1.60
2008	966	16,372	12,948	3,424	16.9	13.4	3.5	1.68
2009	968	16,729	12,466	4,263	17.3	12.9	4.4	2.03
2010	972	16,535	12,386	4,149	17.0	12.7	4.3	1.99
2011	972	16,507	12,299	4,208	17.0	12.7	4.3	2.03
2012	972	17,006	12,064	4,942	17.5	12.4	5.1	2.14
2013	973	17,108	11,479	5,629	17.6	11.8	5.8	2.21
2014	976	17,093	11,182	5,911	17.5	11.5	6.0	2.26
2015	980	16,981	11,152	5,829	17.3	11.4	5.9	2.28
2016	983	16,128	11,047	5,081	16.4	11.2	5.2	2.21 (e)
2017	984	14,315	10,445	3,870	14.5	10.6	3.9
2018	984	13,892	10,347	3,545	14.1	10.5	3.6
2019		12,471	10,844	1,627	12.7	11.0	1.7
2020		12,682	11,786	896	12.9	12.0	0.9

Yawan jama'a na shekara ta 2007

Gundumar	Haihuwar haihuwa	Mutuwa	Girma	Pop (2007)	BR	DR	NGR
Jamhuriyar Buryatia	12,337	9,833	2,504	960,000	17.13	13.66	0.35%
Ulan-Ude	4,260	3,517	743	373,300	15.22	12.56	0.27%
Gundumar Bichursky	339	318	21	26,900	16.80	15.76	0.10%
Gundumar Dzhidinsky	512	309	203	30,800	22.16	13.38	0.88%
Gundumar Yeravninsky	244	191	53	18,600	17.49	13.69	0.38%
Gundumar Zaigrayevsky	714	630	84	48,700	19.55	17.25	0.23%
Gundumar Zakamensky	492	322	170	30,400	21.58	14.12	0.75%
Gundumar Ivolginsky	498	320	178	31,000	21.42	13.76	0.77%
Gundumar Kabansky	702	779	−77	64,400	14.53	16.13	−0.16%
Gundumar Kizhinginsky	303	192	111	18,700	21.60	13.69	0.79%
Gundumar Kyakhtinsky	629	393	236	40,500	20.71	12.94	0.78%
Gundumar Mukhorshibirsky	338	319	19	28,000	16.10	15.19	0.09%
Gundumar Pribaykalsky	423	357	66	28,900	19.52	16.47	0.30%
Gundumar Selenginsky	628	522	106	47,500	17.63	14.65	0.30%
Gundumar Tarbagataysky	205	216	−11	16,900	16.17	17.04	−0.09%
Gundumar Tunkinsky	304	249	55	23,000	17.62	14.43	0.32%
Gundumar Khorinsky	314	222	92	19,200	21.81	15.42	0.64%
Gundumar Barguzinsky	367	272	95	25,600	19.11	14.17	0.49%
Gundumar Bauntovsky Evenkiysky	126	92	34	10,500	16.00	11.68	0.43%
Gundumar Kurumkansky	232	129	103	15,600	19.83	11.03	0.88%
Gundumar Muysky	179	112	67	15,600	15.30	9.57	0.57%
Gundumar Okinsky	73	37	36	5,100	19.08	9.67	0.94%
Gundumar Severo-Baykalsky	196	161	35	15,200	17.19	14.12	0.31%
Severobaykalsk	259	174	85	25,600	13.49	9.06	0.44%

Ƙungiyoyin kabilanci

Dangane da kididdigar shekara ta 2021, ^[11] 'yan kabilar Rasha sun kai kashi 64% na yawan jama'ar jamhuriya, yayin da kabilun Buryats Soya hada da kashi 32.5% na yawan jama-a. Sauran kungiyoyi sun hada da Soyots (0.5%) da kuma karamin kungiyoyi, kowannensu yana da kasa da 0.5% na yawan jama'a.

Ƙungiyar kabilanci	Ƙididdigar 1926¹		Ƙididdigar shekara ta 1939		Ƙididdigar shekara ta 1959		Ƙididdigar 1970		Ƙididdigar shekara ta 1979		Ƙididdigar shekara ta 1989		Ƙididdigar 2002		Ƙididdigar 2010		Ƙididdigar 2021²
Ƙungiyar kabilanci	Adadin	%	Adadin	%	Adadin	%	Adadin	%	Adadin	%	Adadin	%	Adadin	%	Adadin	%	Adadin	%
Buryats	214,957	43.8%	116,382	21.3%	135,798	20.2%	178,660	22.0%	206,860	23.0%	249,525	24.0%	272,910	27.8%	286,839	30.0%	295,273	32.5%
Soya	161	0.0%	116,382	21.3%	135,798	20.2%	178,660	22.0%	206,860	23.0%	249,525	24.0%	2,739	0.3%	3,579	0.4%	4,316	0.5%
Mutanen Rasha	258,796	52.7%	393,057	72.0%	502,568	74.6%	596,960	73.5%	647,785	72.0%	726,165	69.9%	665,512	67.8%	630,783	66.1%	581,764	63.9%
Tatars	3,092	0.6%	3,840	0.7%	8,058	1.2%	9,991	1.2%	10,290	1.1%	10,496	1.0%	8,189	0.8%	6,813	0.7%	4,035	0.4%
Evenks	2,808	0.6%	1,818	0.3%	1,335	0.2%	1,685	0.2%	1,543	0.2%	1,679	0.2%	2,334	0.2%	2,974	0.3%	2,995	0.3%
'Yan Ukraine	1,982	0.4%	13,392	2.5%	10,183	1.5%	10,769	1.3%	15,290	1.7%	22,868	2.2%	9,585	1.0%	5,654	0.6%	2,007	0.2%
Sauran	9,440	1.9%	17,277	3.2%	15,384	2.3%	14,186	1.7%	17,630	2.0%	27,519	2.7%	19,969	2.0%	18,360	1.9%	19,325	2.1%
¹ A cikin 1926, ASSR na Buryat-Mongolia ya haɗa da Aga-Buryatia, Ust-Orda Buryatia, da Gundumar Olkhonsky. Wadannan yankuna an canja su zuwa Chita da Irkutsk Oblasts a 1937. Sakamakon haka, ba za a iya kwatanta sakamakon ƙididdigar 1926 da sakamakon ƙididdiga na 1939 da kuma daga baya ba. Mutane ² 68,873 ne aka yi rajista daga bayanan gudanarwa, kuma ba za su iya bayyana kabilanci ba. An kiyasta cewa yawan kabilun da ke cikin wannan rukuni daidai yake da na rukuni da aka ayyana.^[12]

Addini

A al'ada, Buryats sun bi tsarin imani wanda ya dogara da allahntakar yanayi, imani da ruhohi, da kuma yiwuwar tasirin sihiri a kan mahalli. Shaman ne ke jagorantar su, wadanda suka tsara imani da addinai na kabilanci. Daga rabi na biyu na karni na 17, addinai da addinai a cikin nau'in shaman sun maye gurbin Addinin Buddha, wanda ya zama yadu a cikin kabilanci na Buryatia. A ƙarshen karni na 19, yawancin Buryats sun kasance wani ɓangare na al'adar Buddha. Haɗin addinin Buddha da imani na gargajiya waɗanda suka kafa tsarin al'adun muhalli ya zama babban halayyar al'adun Buryat. A shekara ta 2003, an yi rajistar Ƙungiyar Addini ta shamans, Tengeri a hukumance a matsayin ƙungiyar addini a Buryatia .

Ya zuwa binciken da aka yi a shekarar 2012 27.4% na yawan jama'a sun bi Cocin Orthodox na Rasha, 19.8% ga Addinin Buddha, 2% ga Addinin Slavic, Tengrism ko Buryat shamanism, 4% sun bayyana cewa ba su da alaƙa da Kirista (ba tare da Furotesta ba), 1% Krista ne na Orthodox ba tare da kasancewa cikin majami'u ba ko membobin wasu majami'un Orthodox, 1% mambobi ne na majami'ar Protestant. Bugu da kari, kashi 25% na yawan jama'a sun bayyana cewa "na ruhaniya ne amma ba na addini ba", kashi 13% sun kasance mai musun wanzuwar Allah, kuma kashi 10.8% sun bi wani addini ko kuma ba su ba da amsa ga binciken ba.

Addinin Buddha na Tibet da Kiristanci na Orthodox sune addinai da suka fi yaduwa a jamhuriya. Yawancin Slavs, waɗanda suka kasance kusan kashi 67% na yawan jama'a, Orthodox ne na Rasha. Tun lokacin da aka rushe USSR a shekarar 1991, ƙananan mutane sun tuba zuwa ƙungiyoyin Furotesta daban-daban ko Rodnovery, wanda aka fi sani da bangaskiyar Slavic. Akwai kuma wasu Katolikawa a cikin Slavs. Yawancin Jamusawa (0.11% na yawan jama'a) suma Orthodox ne, don haka wasu kungiyoyin da ba na Turai ba kamar Armeniyawa (0.23%), Georgians (0.03%), da Soyot (0.37%). Buryats sun kasance 30.04% na yawan jama'a.

Yawancin Buryats na birane ko dai Buddha ne ko Orthodox, yayin da waɗanda ke cikin yankunan karkara galibi suna bin Yellow shamanism, cakuda shamanism da Buddha, ko Black shamanism. Har ila yau akwai ƙungiyoyin Tengrist. Tatars na Siberiya suna kusa da 0.7% na yawan jama'a. Koyaya, saboda warewa daga babban jikin Tatars, da yawa daga cikinsu yanzu ba na addini ba ne ko kuma Orthodox. Musulunci yana bin kungiyoyin baƙi kamar Azeris da Uzbeks, waɗanda suka zama wani 0.7% na yawan jama'a.

Ilimi

Cibiyoyin ilimi mafi girma na jamhuriya sun hada da Jami'ar Jihar Buryat, Kwalejin Aikin Gona ta Jihar Buryat, Kwalecin Fasaha da Al'adu ta Gabashin Siberiya, da Jami'an Fasaha da Gudanarwa ta Gabashin Siberia.

Tattalin Arziki

Tattalin arzikin jamhuriya ya kunshi kayan aikin gona da na kasuwanci ciki har da alkama, kayan lambu, dankali, katako, fata, graphite, da masana'antu. Kifi, farauta, noma fata, noman tumaki da shanu, hakar ma'adinai, kiwon dabbobi, injiniya, da sarrafa abinci suma mahimman masu samar da tattalin arziki ne. Rashin aikin yi na Buryatia ya kai 11% a shekarar 2020.^[13]

GDP pro person nominal a cikin 2018 ya kasance 3,650 USD ^[14] kuma PPP a cikin 2009 ya kasance 11,148 USD. ^[15]

Yawon shakatawa

Tafkin Baikal sanannen wurin yawon bude ido ne, musamman a lokacin rani.

↑ Empty citation (help)
↑ History of Mongolia, Volume II, 2003
↑ Rupen, Robert A. (1956). "The Buriat Intelligentsia". The Far Eastern Quarterly. 15 (3): 383–398. doi:10.2307/2941876. ISSN 0363-6917. JSTOR 2941876.
↑ Solnick, Steven (29 May 1996). "Asymmetries in Russian Federation Bargaining" (PDF). The National Council for Soviet and East European Research: 12. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 August 2017. Retrieved 6 May 2019.
↑ Chuman, Mizuki. "The Rise and Fall of Power-Sharing Treaties Between Center and Regions in Post-Soviet Russia" (PDF). Demokratizatsiya: 146. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-03-08. Retrieved 2019-05-06.
↑ "Russia reinstates governor elections". Barentsobserver. Archived from the original on 2024-11-26. Retrieved 2025-08-06.
↑ "New head of Buryatia promises boost in tourism to Siberia's Buddhist region". siberiantimes.com. Archived from the original on 2017-09-10. Retrieved 2025-08-06.
↑ "Итоги выборов президента России". РИА Новости (in Rashanci). 18 March 2024. Archived from the original on 17 March 2024.
↑ "Центральная База Статистических Данных". Archived from the original on 2008-04-12. Retrieved 2012-01-05.
↑ Демографический ежегодник России [Demographic Yearbook of Russia] (in Rashanci). Retrieved 2017-10-19.
↑ "Национальный состав населения". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved 30 December 2022.
↑ "ВПН-2010". www.gks.ru.
↑ "Buryatia, Republic of Unemployment rate, 2000-2022 - knoema.com". Knoema (in Turanci). Retrieved 2022-10-03.
↑ "Валовой региональный продукт". mrd.gks.ru. Archived from the original on 2019-11-12. Retrieved 2022-10-03.
↑ "UNDP" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-18. Retrieved 2022-10-03.

[:1-1] Empty citation (help)

[HM-2] History of Mongolia, Volume II, 2003

[3] Rupen, Robert A. (1956). "The Buriat Intelligentsia". The Far Eastern Quarterly. 15 (3): 383–398. doi:10.2307/2941876. ISSN 0363-6917. JSTOR 2941876.

[asymmetries-4] Solnick, Steven (29 May 1996). "Asymmetries in Russian Federation Bargaining" (PDF). The National Council for Soviet and East European Research: 12. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 August 2017. Retrieved 6 May 2019.

[demokratiztsiya-5] Chuman, Mizuki. "The Rise and Fall of Power-Sharing Treaties Between Center and Regions in Post-Soviet Russia" (PDF). Demokratizatsiya: 146. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-03-08. Retrieved 2019-05-06.

[6] "Russia reinstates governor elections". Barentsobserver. Archived from the original on 2024-11-26. Retrieved 2025-08-06.

[7] "New head of Buryatia promises boost in tourism to Siberia's Buddhist region". siberiantimes.com. Archived from the original on 2017-09-10. Retrieved 2025-08-06.

[8] "Итоги выборов президента России". РИА Новости (in Rashanci). 18 March 2024. Archived from the original on 17 March 2024.

[9] "Центральная База Статистических Данных". Archived from the original on 2008-04-12. Retrieved 2012-01-05.

[10] Демографический ежегодник России [Demographic Yearbook of Russia] (in Rashanci). Retrieved 2017-10-19.

[census2021-11] "Национальный состав населения". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved 30 December 2022.

[12] "ВПН-2010". www.gks.ru.

[13] "Buryatia, Republic of Unemployment rate, 2000-2022 - knoema.com". Knoema (in Turanci). Retrieved 2022-10-03.

[14] "Валовой региональный продукт". mrd.gks.ru. Archived from the original on 2019-11-12. Retrieved 2022-10-03.

[15] "UNDP" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-18. Retrieved 2022-10-03.

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