California Reparations Task Force
 California Reparations Task Force | |
|---|---|
| Bayanai | |
| Iri |
task force (en)  da government agency (en) |
| Ƙasa | Tarayyar Amurka |
| Tarihi | |
| Ƙirƙira | Satumba 2020 |
| Dissolved | ga Yuni, 2023 |
The California Reparations Task Force wata hukuma ce mai zaman kanta a California wacce Bill 3121 Majalisar California ta kafa a cikin shekarar 2020 don yin nazari da haɓaka shawarwarin gyara ga 'yan Afrika Baƙin Amurkawa, musamman waɗanda zuriyar mutanen da aka bautar a Amurka. Shi ne kwamitin[1] ɗawainiyar biyan diyya ta farko a duk fadin ƙasar kuma an halicce ta ne don nazarin hanyoyin warware matsalar wariyar launin fata ga ɗan Afrika Ba'amurke wanda ya haifar da dawwamammen gadon bauta. [2] An tsara aikin ne don ba da shawarar hanyoyin ilmantar da jama'ar California sakamakon binciken da rundunar ta yi da kuma ba da shawarar magunguna.
Mambobi biyar ne gwamnan ya naɗa, mutum biyu shugaban majalisar dattawa ne ya naɗa, sai kakakin majalisar wakilai biyu. Membobin sun kaɗa kuri'ar takaita bincikensu ne kawai don magance rarrabuwar kawuna ga 'ya'yan bautar da ake yi a Amurka, maimakon yin wani fa'ida mai fa'ida ga al'ummar Afirka baki ɗaya da ke zaune a Amurka.[3]
Bayan kusan shekaru uku na binciken gaskiya, rahotanni, da sauraron jama'a, kwamitin farko na biyan diyya a California a ranar Alhamis, 29 ga watan Yuni, 2023, ya fitar da rahotonsa na ƙarshe ga 'yan majalisar dokoki na jihohi tare da shawarwarin yadda jihar za ta yi kafara don tarihinta na cin zarafi na ƙabilu da wariyar launin fata ga mazauna baƙaƙen fata.
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Rundunar ta yi taro a shekarar 2021.[4] A cikin shekarar 2022, kwamitin ya sami shaida game da wariya, jan hankali, ƙuntatawa masu jefa ƙuri'a, da sauran nau'ikan wariya kuma sun tattauna ko ya dace a biya diyya ga duk Baƙaƙen fata na Amurka a California ko kuma waɗanda kakanninsu suka kasance bayi.[5] An gabatar da kwamitin da lissafin wasu al'amura da suka haɗa da alkaluman da suka kai dubun dubatar daloli na diyya ga kowane mazaunin California wanda zai iya tabbatar da cewa su zuriyar wani bawa ne. Wani ƙiyasin ya ba da shawarar "ƙasa da dala miliyan ɗaya ga kowane Baƙar fata Californian ta fito daga bayi," bisa ƙididdige dala $ 127,000 a kowace shekara na tazarar rayuwa tsakanin Baƙaƙen fata da White Californians.[6] Kamilah Moore ta lura cewa California ba za ta iya biyan irin wannan bashin kai tsaye ba, kuma mai yiwuwa ramadin ba zai zo ta hanyar kuɗi ba, amma ƙimar daidai, kamar shirye-shiryen kula da lafiya kyauta ko asibitocin likita.[7]
California ita ce jihar Amurka ta farko da ta kafa wata hukuma don nazarin nuna wariya ga 'yan Afrika dake zaune a Amurka tare da ba da shawarar gyara.[8] Irin wannan yunƙurin ba maras misali ba ne, duk da haka; Jamus ta biya wa waɗanda suka tsira daga Holocaust kuɗi kuma Amurka ta biya wa Amurkawa Jafanawa da aka shiga lokacin yakin duniya na biyu. A wani yanayi an ƙwace ƙasar iyali ta fitattun yankuna kuma ta zama wurin shakatawa na jiha.[9]
Membobi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Membobin su ne: Sanata Steven Bradford, Amos C. Brown, Cheryl Grills, Lisa Holder, mamban majalisa Reginald Jones-Sawyer, Jovan Scott Lewis, Kamilah Moore (Chair), dan majalisa Monica Montgomery Steppe, da dan majalisa Donald K. Tamaki. [10] Membobi takwas su ne Afrika-Amurka da Jafanawa na tara.
Ayyuka
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Daga cikin shawarwarin da kungiyar ta gabatar akwai neman afuwar jama'a daga California saboda rawar da ta taka wajen ba da izinin bauta da ɗimbin gadonta na mulkin fararen fata, da kuma biyan kuɗin mutanen da kakanninsu bayi ne. [11] Ƙungiyar Task Force ta California don Nazari da Ƙaddamar da Shawarwari ga Afrika-Amurka ta fitar da rahotonta na ƙarshe ga Majalisar Dokokin California a ranar 29 ga watan Yuni, 2023.[12]
San Francisco
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A cewar New York Times, yayin da yawancin biranen Amurka ke yin la'akari da hanyoyin da za a iya kwatanta su, babu wanda ya kasance mai aiki kamar San Francisco, wanda ƙungiyar ma'aikata ta 15 ta ba wa jami'an gundumomi shawarwari na 111 a cikin wani rahoto na farko. Bayan yunkurin sake ginawa, tawagar masu aikin ramuwa sun bayyana batutuwa da dama da suka bar al'ummomin Bakar fata a baya, kama daga "hani kan matakin tabbatar da tsaro a duk faɗin jihar" zuwa matsalolin wariyar launin fata da suka haifar da iyakacin samun sabis na likita. Rundunar 'yan sandan birnin ta sanar da biyan dala miliyan 5 sau ɗaya, ga duk wanda ya cancanta a yunƙurin kawar da gibin dukiyar ƙabilu, wanda ya kasance muhimmiyar hujjar ramawa na dogon lokaci. Saɓanin haka, rundunar da ke kan ramuwa ga jihar California ta ba da shawarar zamewar sikelin tare da iyakacin dala miliyan 1.2 ga tsofaffin Baƙaƙen fata. Adadin kuɗin ya sami kulawa sosai, amma galibi ana kallonsa a matsayin wanda ba za a iya cimma shi ba a cikin birni mai fama da ƙalubalen kasafin kuɗi da kuma rashin yarjejeniya ta siyasa kan batun.[13]
Sakamako
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ɗaya daga cikin shawarwarin Rundunar Task Force, don soke dokar keɓanta na Penal daga dokar da kundin tsarin mulkin jihar ya yi kan bautar da bautar da ba da son rai ba, an sanya shi a kan jefa kuri'a na watan Nuwamba 2024 ta Majalisar Dokoki a matsayin ACA 8 a ranar 27 ga watan Yuni, 2024.
Duba kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Evanston Reparations Committee
- New York Reparations Task Force
- Hukumar Kula da Zuriyar Jama'ar Afirka
- SupportReparations.org
- Alliancefor.org
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Arango, Tim (2023-05-16). "Can Reparations Bring Black Residents Back to San Francisco?". The New York Times (in Turanci). ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2023-05-17.
- ↑ Lyngaas, Sean (2023-05-09). "FBI disrupts Russian hacking tool used to steal information from foreign governments | CNN Politics". CNN (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-05-09.
- ↑ Clayton, Abene (January 29, 2023). "'California's first-in-nation reparations taskforce to release final report': The document could serve as a national blueprint for how states atone for their history of racial violence against Black residents". The Guardian.
- ↑ Karlamangla, Soumya (December 8, 2021). "California's Reparations Task Force Meets Again". The New York Times.
- ↑ Karlamangla, Soumya (4 March 2022). "Who Should Get Reparations in California?". The New York Times.
- ↑ Sumagaysay, Levi (October 28, 2022). "California reparations push could give Black residents hundreds of thousands of dollars --- here's what they say they would do with it". MarketWatch. Retrieved 2022-10-28.
- ↑ Samuel, Leah (2022-11-09). "Kamilah Moore and California's path to reparations". Harvard Public Health. Retrieved 2023-02-24.
- ↑ Kolhatkar, Sonali (2021-12-21). "California Forms a State-Level Reparations Task Force". Yes Magazine.
- ↑ Ho, Vivian (January 9, 2022). "'If not us, then who?': inside the landmark push for reparations for Black Californians". The Guardian.
- ↑ "Reparations Task Force Members". State of California - Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General. May 3, 2021.
- ↑ Gardiner, Dustin (2023-05-17). "California's reparations process wasn't pretty — but could yield important lessons for the rest of the country". San Francisco Chronicle (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-05-17.
- ↑ "California Task Force to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans. Final Report. California, June 29, 2023."
- ↑ Arango, Tim (2023-05-16). "Can Reparations Bring Black Residents Back to San Francisco?". The New York Times (in Turanci). ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2023-05-17.