Callirhoë (Calydon)
 Callirhoë (Calydon) | |
|---|---|
mythological Greek character (en)  | |
| Bayanai | |
| Jinsi | mace |
| Abokin mara aure |
Coresus (en) |
A cikin tatsuniyoyin Helenanci, Callirhoë (/kəˈlɪroʊiː/; Tsohon Girkanci: Καλλιρόη, , lit. 'kyakkyawan-flowing') kyakkyawar budurwa ce daga Calydon, tsohuwar masarautar Girka. Wani firist mai suna Coresus yana son Callirhoë amma kin amincewarta da shi ya haifar da mummunar annoba da ta lalata Calydon da fushin Dionysus, allahn da Coresus ya yi hidima. Za a cire la'anar ne kawai idan aka miƙa hadaya ga allahn. An adana tatsuniyarta a cikin rubuce-rubucen Pausanias, matafiyi na Girka na ƙarni na biyu AD.
Kodayake ba a san shi sosai ba kuma ba sananne ba ne kamar sauran, tatsuniyar Callirhoë ta sami masu sauraronta a farkon zamani da Renaissance, wanda ya yi wahayi zuwa ga ayyuka da yawa tsakanin masu zane-zane na yamma, gami da wasan kwaikwayo, wasan kwaikwayo, shayari da zane-zane.
Sunan Callirhoë shine rubutun mata na tsohuwar kalmar Helenanci καλός inversos, wanda ke fassara zuwa "yana gudana da kyau," [1] kalma ce mai haɗawa daga kalmomin incorpor ("kyakkyawan") da kuma "rawan", "rawan"). [1]
Labaran Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Callirhoë kyakkyawar budurwa ce da ke zaune a Calydon, wani birni a kudu maso yammacin Girka, wanda ya ja hankalin Coresus, firist na Dionysus Calydonius . [2] Amma ƙaunar da Coresus ya yi wa Callirhoë ba za a iya daidaita ta da ƙyamar da Callirhoé a gare shi ba, tunda yarinyar ba ta son wani abu da zai yi da firist ɗin.
Duk da addu'o'i da yawa da Coresus ya yi mata, Callirhoë ba zai damu ba kuma ya ci gaba da kin amincewa da shi.[3] Coresus ya roki Dionysus da kansa (a bayyane yake don fansa maimakon taimako), kuma allahn da ya yi fushi ya aika da mummunar annoba ga Calydon.[4][5] Mutanen da aka yi wa cutar za su yi farin ciki kamar sun bugu, kuma a ƙarshe sun mutu saboda cutar.[5][6] Wadanda ke fama da cutar Calydonians sun tuntubi annabin Zeus da Dione a Dodona, annabin da aka fi so a Aetolia, kuma an sanar da su cewa wannan cutar ce da ke haifar da hauka ta kasance sakamakon fushin Dionysus, wanda zai ƙare ne kawai idan Callirhoë, ko wani da yake son ɗaukar matsayinta, Coresus da kansa ya miƙa masa hadaya. [7]
Callirhoë ya yi ƙoƙari amma ya kasa samun hanyar fita daga cikin mummunan halin da ake ciki, kamar yadda umarnin annabin ya bayyana.[8] Da yake ba ta sami wani wanda zai maye gurbin ta ba sai ta yi kira ga iyayenta, amma su ma sun ki maye gurbinta suna barin birnin ba tare da wani zaɓi ba sai dai su miƙa Callirhoë. [6] An shirya bagaden don wannan taron, kuma Callirhoë ya jagoranci shi kamar dabba, amma duk da duk fushinsa Coresus bai iya kawo kansa ya kashe ta ba.[9] Maimakon haka ya jawo wuka a kansa, kuma ya mutu a madadin ta a matsayin wakili, domin ƙaunarsa ta kasance ta gaskiya kuma ta fi ƙarfin baƙin cikinsa.[5]
Yayin da Callirhoë ta kalli jikin Coresus yana kwance ba tare da rai ba a ƙasa, an shawo kanta da tausayi ga firist ɗin. A cikin kunya ga ayyukan da ta gabata ta yanke makogwaro ta hanyar Calydonian spring ba da nisa da tashar jiragen ruwa, wanda ake kira 'Callirhoë' bayan ta. [10] An kuma kawo karshen annoba.[11]
Fassara
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Labarin misali ne na Dionysus wanda ya haifar da mummunar lalacewa da haɗin kai ("hauka"), hanyar da ya fi dacewa da azabtar da wadanda ba su gamsu da shi ba; an hukunta dukan birnin saboda wulakancin da firist dinsa ke fama da shi, kuma a ƙarshe Dionysus ba kawai yana da alhakin mutuwar yarinyar ba har ma da na firistinsa Coresus.[1] Robert Bell yana tunanin cewa labarin Callirhoë, wanda ke fama da rashin adalci saboda girman kai na mutum, da kuma tatsuniyoyi masu kama da wannan, suna nuna alamar chauvinism na namiji, kuma Callirhoé na iya kashe kanta don kauce wa hukuntawa da ƙiyayya daga sauran Calydonians.[1]
Abubuwan da ke cikin labarin sun nuna hoton addini wanda Coresus ya yi addu'a, wanda daga ƙarshe aka sanya shi a cikin masallacin Dionysus Calydonius a birnin Patrae, a gefen gefen ƙuƙwalwar, kafin Romawa su sace shi a cikin karni na farko BC.[5][6] Wataƙila an yi amfani da wannan tatsuniyar don bayyana sunan maɓuɓɓugar ruwa mai kyau kusa da Calydon.[6]
Shari'ar Callirhoë ba ta bambanta da ta Sarki Admetus ba, wanda aka ba shi damar tserewa daga mutuwa idan wani ya yarda ya maye gurbinsa, kawai ga babu wanda ya yarda ya yi hakan sai matarsa.[12]