Raƙumi

Raƙumi
Scientific classification
Class	Mammalia (mul)
Order	Artiodactyla (mul)
Dangi	Camelidae (mul)
genus (en)	Camelus Linnaeus, 1758
Geographic distribution

Raƙumi

Raƙumma sunyi layi suna tafiya

Rakumman masar

rakumin gona

Keken rakumi

rakumman tafiya

buzaye kenam yayin tafiye tafiyen dasukeyi

Raƙumi a afirka.

Raƙumi

Raƙumi dai wata halitta ce daga cikin dabbobin da Allah maɗaukakin Sarki ya halitta bisa hikima da ikonsa. Babu shakka akwai ayoyi da hikimomi masu yawa tattare da irin tsari na musamman da Allah ya keɓanci raƙumi da su. Kuma ya halicci raƙumi da su ne, domin su zamo ayoyi abin lura ga ma'abota hankali.

Rakumi kusa da Silverton

rakumi a sahara

Rakumi da sarka

jeren rakumma

Kasancewa akwai zafi mai tsananin gaske a hamada, wanda ba duka halittu za su iya jurewa ba. Sannan kuma akwai ƙura haɗe da yashi da take tashi koda yaushe, wadda take rufe duk wata halitta da ta ci karo da ita. Ga babbar halitta kuma ƙurar takan sa wahalar nunfashi da shaƙar iska. Idan ka ɗauke ƙananan halittu dangin su kadangare, raƙumi shi ne kaɗai wata ƙatuwar halitta da take iya rayuwa a cikin hamada. Kuma mahaliccin raƙumi ya halicce shi ne musamman domin ya rayu a cikin hamada, ya kuma zama mai hidima ga al'ummar dake rayuwa a wannan ɓangare.

Rakumma

rakumi a sahara

Abu mafi muhimmanci da aka fi buƙata a hamada shi ne ruwa, domin a yi maganin ƙishirwa, amma kuma abu ne mai wahalar gaske a samu ruwa a hamada. Kuma ba abu ne mai yiwuwa ba, a samu wani abinci a cikin yashin hamada. Hakan na nufin kenan duk wata dabba da za ta rayu a hamada, ya zama wajibi ta zamanto tana da wata kariya daga jin ƙishirwa da kuma yunwa. Babu shakka haka abin yake ga raƙumi, domin babu wata dabba da ta fi shi jure ƙishirwa da yunwa.

Raƙumi zai iya rayuwa har na tsawon ƙwana takwas ba tare da ci ko sha ba. Don haka kum, idan raƙumi ya samu inda zai sha ruwa, kasancewar yana da matuƙar buƙatarsa, sai ya sha ya kuma ajiye wani ruwan a cikinsa. Raƙumi yakan iya shan ruwan da kuma ya kai ɗaya bisa uku na girmansa a cikin minti goma kacal, wato kwatankwacin galan 30 kenan.

Tozon raƙumi kuwa na tattare da kitsen da ya kai kilo 40. Godiya ta tabbata ga wanda ya halicci tozon raƙumi, yadda zai sa raƙumi ya yi ƙwanan da kwanaki a cikin hamada ba tare da cin abinci ba.

Mafiya yawan dangogin abinci da ake samu a hamada busassu ne, kuma masu tauri, amma duk da haka, an tsara halittar kayan cikin raƙumi yadda za su iya narkar da kusan duk wasu nau'o'in abinci da ake samu a hamada, komai taurinsa kuwa. Mahaliccin rakumi ya halittar masa waɗansu irin haƙora yadda za su dace da abincinsa.

Babu shakka ƙurar hamada na daga cikin gararin da halittun da ke ratsa hamada ke fama da ita, saboda tana shigar masu ido, ta kuma hana su shaƙar iska yadda ya kamata. Amma mahaliccin raƙumi ya halitta masa wata fata daga saman idonsa kamar gilashi, wadda take sakkowa yayin da iskar hamada ta taso, sai ta zama kariya ga idon. Sannan ga kuma dogon gashin ido mai kauri da yake hana tsakuwoyin yashin hamada isa ga idon raƙumin.

Har ila yau, an tsara halittar hancin raƙumi yadda idan iska mai yashi ta taso zai iya manne ƙofofin hancinsa, ya riƙa shaƙar iska ta wata ‘yar kafa ta musamman mai cike da kariya, yadda babu wani yashin hamada da zai shiga cikinsa.

Ɗaya daga cikin matsalolin da abubuwan hawa ke fuskanta yayin ratsa hamada shi ne kafewa a cikin yashi. Amma irin wannan haɗari bai taɓa faruwa ga raƙumi ba, koda kuwa yana ɗauke da labtun kaya, saboda an kuma halicci ƙafafuwan raƙumi ne musamman saboda ratsa hamada. Kasancewar kofaton raƙumi yana da wani maganaɗisu da baya barinsa ya kafe cikin yashi, saboda kofaton yana aiki ne kamar takalmin da Bature yake amfani da shi idan zai ratsa ta cikin dusar ƙanƙara. Sannan kuma doguwar ƙafarsa ta nisanta shi da tiririn zafin yashin hamada.

Jikinsa kuma na rufe shi da wata fata ta musamman, wadda take iya kare shi daga zafin rana ko kuma zafin yashi a lokacin da yake kwance. Wanna tsari na halittar raƙumi, shi ne abin da ya fito da halittar raƙumi fili, a matsayin wata cikakkiyar halitta.

Bari mu yi wa mai karatu wata tunatarwa ta musamman dangane da ɓangarorin halittar raƙumi da muka bayyana;

• Cikakken tsarin da ya ba shi ikon jure ƙishirwa.
• Tozonsa da ya ba shi ikon jure yunwa.
• Ƙafafuwansa da suka ba shi damar tafiya salin-alin cikin hamada.
• Fatar kariya ta ido da take kare shi daga iskar hamada.
• Gashin idonsa da yake kare idon daga tsakuwoyin yashin hamada.
• Hancinsa da aka halitta da wata kariyar yashi ta musamman.
• Tsarin bakinsa da ya ba shi ikon cin duk wani abinci a hamada.
• Kayan cikinsa da suke narkar da duk abin da ya ci komai taurinsa.
• Fatar cikinsa da take ba shi kariya daga tsananin zafin hamada.
• Kofatonsa da yake kareshi daga kafewa a cikin yashin hamada.
• Dukkan waɗannan gaɓɓai na raƙumi da muka lissafa, babu ɗaya daga cikin tsarin nan na ƙarya na juyin halitta da ya iya bayyana yadda akai *waɗannan gaɓɓai suka samu.

Saboda haka kuma waɗannan gaɓoɓi na raƙumi da ma sauran da ba mu iya ambaton su anan ba, suna nusar da mu ne ga wata hujja tabbatacciya. Wato dai raƙumi wata ƙasaitacciyar dabbace da mahalicci ya halitta domin ya iya biyan buƙatar al'ummar da suke rayuwa a ɓangaren hamada. Wannan mahalicci kuwa shi ne Allah maɗaukaki kuma mahaliccin komai.

Da na fara takalarsu da zance, sai ga Faisal da Ahmad na gaya min dalilin ziyarar da suka kawo Dubai, wanda ya hada da halartar tseren rakuma. Tseren rakuma? Tambayar da na nanata kenan, ina mai ɗokin son jin labarin. Karaf sai Faisal ya amsa min da cewa, ''Ina matukar son kiwon rakuma da kuma tserensu, al'adar zuri'armu ce.'' Ya kara da cewa, ''Kakana na wajen uba da zuri'arsa suna son kiwon rakuma, shi kuma kakana na wajen uwa da tasa zuri'ar suna son kiwon dawakai. Tun ina yaro nake son rakuma.

‎Faisal ya ce son rakuma a jinins yakeAsalin hoton,Other

‎Bayanan hoto,Faisal ya ce son rakuma a  jininsa yakeAsalin hoton,Other

‎Duk da cewa Faisal na aiki da kamfanin sadarwa, to ba ya ga aikin nasa yana kuma kiwon rakuma da taimakon iyalansa saboda a cewarsa, ''Hakan yana rage wahalhalun wajen aiki da muka yi na tsawon mako.'' A wannan zamanin ana kiwon rakuma ne ba wai don samun nononsu da nama ba kawai kamar yadda aka saba, a maimakon haka yanzu ana amfani da su ne don samun miliyoyin kudi. Faisal ya bayyana min cewa ana ciyar da rakuma abinci mai inganci da suka hada da zuma da madara da kwai da dabino da sauran sinadaran bitamins.

‎Sai na yi maza na tambaye shi, ''Ku ciyar da rakumi wadannan kayan kwalam har da zuma, hakan bai yi tsada ba?''

‎''Muna kashe fam 1,000 duk wata domin shirin sanya rakumi a gasar tsere.'' Wannan ce amsar da Faisal ya bani.

‎Faisal ya kuma shaida min cewa shekarun da rakumi kan fara shiga gasar tsere ya danganta daga shekara biyu zuwa bakwai, da zarar dai mai bayar da horo ya ga cewa rakumin ya shirya.

‎Dole ne a ce tseren rakumi abu ne mai tsada. Shugabannin kasashen yankin Gulf ne yawanci suke kayyade farashin rakuma. Faisal ya ci gaba da cewa, ''Suna sayen rakuma daga masu shi su kuma kiwata su, amma basa taɓa sayar da su. Masu mulki kan tsaya a matsayi ɗaya da talakawansu a yayin shiga gasar.'' Ya kara da cewa, ''Suna yin hakan da taimakon mutanen Oman wadanda suka san ciki da bai na tseren rakuma.'' Amma farashin rakumi kan kai nawa? Faisal ya ce farashin rakumi na farawa daga kusan dala 55,000 amma farashin kosassu sosai kan haura haka. A shekarar 2010 wani dan kasar Haɗaɗɗiyar Daular Larabawa mai son tseren rakuma ya kashe fam miliayn 6.5 a kan rakuma uku. Kyaututtukan da ake bayarwa na lashe gasar tseren rakuma na da yawa sosai, daga tsakanin dala miliyan biyar zuwa dala miliyan 10, amma wasu kan samu har dala miliyan 30. Ba abin da ya sha wa Faisal kai a lokacin da yake yi min bayanin wadannan makudan kudade, ni kuwa ya bar ni ina kakabi amma kuma bana so ya gano ni. Amma fa kai wa ga wannan mataki ba abu ne mai sauki ba, dole ne sai rakuman sun tsallake wasu zagaye na gwaji a kasashen yankin Gulf, inda za a bai wa wadanda suka yi nasara damar wucewa zagaye na gaba. Yawan nanata muhimmanci tseren rakuma da Faisal ke yi min ya sa na ƙara gane rawar da ƙasashen yankin Gulf suke da ita a kasuwannin rakuma, su kan sayar da wasu dabbobin su kuma shigar da wasu gasar tsere. Ana yin gasar tseren rakuma a kasa-kasa kowanne mako don a samu damar zabo wadanda za su fi yin abin kirki idan aka zo babbar gasar, kamar, ''Gasar cin kofin yankin Gulf'', da Gasar shekara-shekara ta Dubai da kuma Gasar tseren rakuma ta Qatar. Tsawon gudun da rakuman ke yi na tsakanin kilomita daya da rabi zuwa kilomita takwas, ya danganta da shekarun rakuma, da na 'yan shekara biyu da hudu da shida da kuma na 'yan shekara takwas. Duk rakumin da ya yi nasarar lashe gasar, zai samu kyautar karramawa ta takobi da ke nuni da hakan, da kuma tsabar kudi dala miliyan uku. ''Tamkar dai gasar tsalle-tsalle ta Wembley,'' in ji Faisal. Sai dai tambayar da nayi wa Faisal ita ce, ''Ganin irin wannan makudan kudi da ake kashewa a tseren rakuma, mutane suna saka caca kuwa?'' Amsar da ya bani ita ce, ''Sam ba a haka, don kuwa haramun ne a Musulunci.'' A shekarun baya-bayan nan kasashen yankin Gulf sun daina amfani da yara wajen hawan rakuma, a maimakon haka sai suke amfani da butum-butumi bayan sukar da suka yi ta sha daga kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam na duniya, wadanda suka ce yara na mutuwa sakamakon tseren rakuman da ake sa su yi. Amma manyan har yanzu suna hawa tseren rakuman in ji Faisal, wanda shi ma ya yi amanna cewa wannan tseren rakuma na iya zama wani shahararren wasa a bangarori daban-daban na duniya, har da Turai. Amma sai na tambaye shi cewa baya ganin sanyi ya yi yawa a Turai? Sai Faisal ya café da cewa, ''Ai su rakuma sun fi son haka ma, saboda yanayin zafi da rana kan rage wa rakuma kuzari. Tseren rakuma a Turai? Wa ya sani ko hakan ya faru nan gaba.

Rakumi dabbace Mai dogon tarihi a fadin duniya, rakumi tana daga cikin dabbobi masu daraja a cikin duniya, sannan rakumi na daya daga cikin dabbobi wanda suke jure wahala sosai fiye da mafi yawan dabbobi. Akanyi anfani da fitsarin rakumi wajen yin magani, har ila yau Ana sayarda fitsarin rakumi, wasu daga cikin mutane sun Mai da sayar da fitsarin rakumi tamkar sana'ar su kasan cewar fitsarin rakumi tana maganin cutartuka da dama a jikin mutum, sannan rakumi yana daya daga cikin dabbobi masu tsada a duniya. Rakumi yana daga cikin dabbobin da akafi yawan gani a gidan zoo kuma daya daga cikin dabbobin da akafi sani a duniya. Santtp://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,,3880536,00.html Tsawon kwanaki nawa raƙumi yake iya yi ba tare da ci ko sha ba]

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