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Canjin yanayi a Poland

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Canjin yanayi a Poland
aspect in a geographic region (en) Fassara
Bayanai
Fuskar canjin yanayi
Ƙasa Poland
Wuri
Map
 52°N 19°E / 52°N 19°E / 52; 19
Poland ba ƙasar kwal ba

A Poland, Canjin yanayi ya haifar da karuwar matsakaicin zafin jiki sama da digiri 2 na Celsius [1] idan aka kwatanta da matakan preindustrial, wanda ya fi matsakaicin matakin Canjin yanayi a Turai. An lura da zafin jiki ya karu a cikin shekarun da suka gabata saboda aikin ɗan adam, kuma ba tare da raguwa mai yawa a cikin hayakin gas ba tasirin canjin yanayi zai zama mafi mahimmanci.

Saboda wurin da Poland ke ciki, tasirin yanayi ya bazu daban-daban. An lura da dumamar yanayi don haifar da raƙuman zafi da sauran rashin daidaituwa na yanayi a Poland, wanda ke haifar da damuwa a kan yanayin halittu da jin daɗin ɗan adam. Canje-canje a cikin yanayi an sa ido kan tashoshin yanayi a Poland sama da shekaru 100.[1] A cikin shekarun da suka gabata, yawan kwanakin da ruwan sama mai tsanani ya karu, yawan kwanakin tare da dusar ƙanƙara ya ragu, kuma an sami karuwar guguwa, tsawa da irin waɗannan abubuwan yanayi.

Ambaliyar ruwa da fari sune manyan kalubalen da suka shafi yanayi da Poland ke fuskanta, kuma ana sa ran za su zama masu yawa da tsananin gaske a cikin yanayi daban-daban tare da hasashen canjin yanayi. Aikin noma da gudanar da ruwa sun kasance babbar damuwa ga Ma'aikatar Muhalli ta Poland.[2][3]

Rashin iskar gas

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Amfani da makamashi da tushe

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Makamashi na Poland, bisa ga kididdigar kwanan nan daga shekara ta 2021, galibi an samo shi ne daga kwal mai wuya da launin ruwan kasa da mai, wanda shine man fetur kuma don haka yana fitar da iskar gas: suna da kashi 69.2% na samar da makamashi na Polonia. Masu ɗaukar makamashi masu sabuntawa suna da kashi 11.8% kawai na samar da makamashi.[4]

Amfani da makamashi na kasa ya kasance 3 697.5 petjoules a cikin shekara ta 2021, kuma yana bin ɗan haɓaka a cikin amfani da makamasheya wanda ke bayyane tun farkon shekarun 2000s.[5] Mafi yawan amfani da makamashi kai tsaye ya kasance a hannun masana'antu, kuma ya kai 32.5%. Wannan ya biyo bayan bangaren sufuri (ciki har da motoci masu zaman kansu), 27.0% sannan gidaje, 25.8%.[4]

Rashin fitarwa na tarihi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Rashin iskar gas na Poland ya ragu daga matakin su na shekarar 1990.[6] Wannan wani bangare ne saboda karuwar ingancin makamashi na Poland, amma kuma akwai canji a hankali zuwa shigo da amfani da iskar gas; [7] duk da haka, wannan galibi iskar gas ce ta Rasha, kuma mamayewar Rasha ta shekarar 2022 a Ukraine da kuma rikitarwa ta iskar gas ta gaba ta rikitar da amfani da wannan hanya. [8][9] Tushen sabuntawa kamar hasken rana da wutar lantarki ta waje suna samun muhimmancin gaske a samar da makamashi na Poland.[10]

Tasirin yanayi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Yanayin zafi da sauye-sauyen yanayi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Canjin yanayi da aka lura

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Yanayin Poland gabaɗaya yana ƙara zafi da girgije, saboda canjin yanayi da canje-canje a cikin yaduwar yanayi.[11]

Tun daga tsakiyar shekarun 1900, matsakaicin zafin jiki na Poland ya karu da digiri 0.29 a kowace shekara goma. A takaice dai, zafin jiki ya karu da sama da 2 ° C.[12] Ganin dumama da aka lura a cikin shekaru 3 da suka gabata yana da alaƙa da karuwar zafin jiki na duniya; duk da haka, a cikin shekaru ashirin da suka gabata, ƙasar tana dumama da sauri fiye da duniya a matsakaici. 

Canjin yanayi a Poland ya bayyana ta hanyar karuwa mai mahimmanci a matsakaici, matsakaici، da mafi ƙarancin yanayin iska na shekara-shekara da na yanayi, ƙaruwa da yawan kwanakin zafi, da raguwar yawan kwanakin sanyi. Rage yawan nau'ikan yanayi a cikin shekara yana nuna cewa yanayin ya bambanta ƙasa a cikin shekara.

Karin zafin jiki ya fi karfi a gabashin da yammacin Poland fiye da tsakiya. Mafi girman hauhawar zafin jiki (fiye da 2.1 °C) ya faru ne a cikin Gundumar Tafkin kuma mafi rauni (kusan 1.8 °C) a cikin Dutsen Sudety (NC8BR5).

  1. 1 2 "Climate of Poland 2020" (PDF). imgw.pl. IMGW-PIB (The Institute of Metrology and Water Management - National research institute).
  2. "Polands seventh national communication and third bennial report under the UNFCCC" (PDF).
  3. Kundzewicz, Zbigniew W.; Piniewski, Mikołaj; Mezghani, Abdelkader; Okruszko, Tomasz; Pińskwar, Iwona; Kardel, Ignacy; Hov, Øystein; Szcześniak, Mateusz; Szwed, Małgorzata; Benestad, Rasmus E.; Marcinkowski, Paweł; Graczyk, Dariusz; Dobler, Andreas; Førland, Eirik J.; o'Keefe, Joanna (2018). "Assessment of climate change and associated impact on selected sectors in Poland". Acta Geophysica. 66 (6): 1509–1523. doi:10.1007/s11600-018-0220-4. S2CID 88508076.
  4. 1 2 GUS. "Gospodarka paliwowo-energetyczna w latach 2020 i 2021". stat.gov.pl (in Harshen Polan). Retrieved 2023-05-16.
  5. Ritchie, Hannah; Roser, Max; Rosado, Pablo (2022-10-27). "Energy". Our World in Data.
  6. "| Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions | Climate Watch". www.climatewatchdata.org. Retrieved 2023-05-16.
  7. Marks-Bielska, Renata; Bielski, Stanisław; Pik, Katarzyna; Kurowska, Krystyna (2020-09-05). "The Importance of Renewable Energy Sources in Poland's Energy Mix". Energies (in Turanci). 13 (18): 4624. doi:10.3390/en13184624. ISSN 1996-1073.
  8. "Poland for energy transition but will continue coal, official says". www.thefirstnews.com (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 2023-05-16. Retrieved 2023-05-16.
  9. Akdag, Saffet; Yıldırım, Hakan (March 2020). "Toward a sustainable mitigation approach of energy efficiency to greenhouse gas emissions in the European countries". Heliyon. 6 (3): e03396. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03396. ISSN 2405-8440. PMC 7052401. PMID 32154402.
  10. "Poland 2022 – Analysis". IEA (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-05-16.
  11. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :1
  12. "IMGW-PIB - Climate of Poland 2020". imgw.pl. Retrieved 2023-05-16.