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Carbon dioxide a cikin sararin samaniya na Duniya

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
An auna maida hankali ga CO="true" id="mwDQ" typeof="mw:Transclusion">CO a Mauna Loa Observatory a Hawaii daga 1958 zuwa 2023 (wanda ake kira Keeling Curve). Hawan CO2 a wannan lokacin yana bayyane. Ana nuna maida hankali a matsayin μmole a kowace kwayar, ko ppm.

A cikin yanayi na , gas ne wanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tasirin greenhouse, sake zagayowar carbon, photosynthesis, da sake zagayolar carbon na teku. Yana daya daga cikin manyan iskar gas guda uku a cikin sararin samaniya na Duniya. Adadin carbon dioxide (CO) a cikin yanayi ya kai 427 ppm (0.0427%) a kan wani tushe a cikin 2024, wakiltar 3341 gigatonnes na CO2.[1] Wannan karuwa ne na 50% tun farkon Juyin Juya Halin Masana'antu, daga 280 ppm a cikin shekaru 10,000 kafin tsakiyar karni na 18.[2][3] Karin ya faru ne saboda aikin ɗan adam.[4]

Karin halin yanzu a cikin maida hankaliCO ya samo asali ne daga ƙone burbushin burbushin halittu. Sauran muhimman ayyukan ɗan adam waɗanda ke fitar da CO2 sun haɗa da samar da siminti, sare daji, da ƙonewar biomass. Karin yawan CO2 da sauran iskar gas mai ɗorewa kamar methane yana ƙara sha da fitar da radiation na infrared ta yanayi. Wannan ya haifar da hauhawar matsakaicin zafin jiki na duniya da ƙarancin teku. Wani sakamako kai tsaye shine tasirin taki na CO2. Karin yawan CO2 na yanayi yana haifar da ƙarin tasirin canjin yanayi akan muhalli da yanayin rayuwar mutum.

Carbon dioxide iskar gas ce. Yana sha kuma yana fitar da infrared radiation a mitoci biyu na infrared-active vibrational. Tsawon igiyoyin biyu sune 4.26 μm (2,347 cm -1 ) ( yanayin miƙewa na asymmetric) da 14.99 ku (667 cm -1 ) (yanayin girgiza). CO yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen rinjayar yanayin yanayin duniya ta hanyar tasirin greenhouse. [5] Fitar da haske daga saman duniya ya fi zafi a yankin infrared tsakanin 200 da 2500 cm -1, [6] sabanin fitowar haske daga Rana mai zafi wanda ya fi zafi a yankin da ake iya gani. Shakar hasken infrared a mitocin girgizar yanayi na yanayi CO yana kamawa da makamashi kusa da saman, yana dumama saman duniya da yanayin kasa. Ƙarfin makamashi yana kaiwa sararin sama, wanda saboda haka ya fi sanyi saboda wannan sha. [7]

Mai da hankali na yanzu da kuma abubuwan da ke faruwa a nan gaba

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Tsakanin 1850 da 2019 Global Carbon Project ya kiyasta cewa kusan 2/3rds na yawan hayakin carbon dioxide ya haifar da ƙone burbushin burbushin, kuma kadan kasa da rabin wannan ya kasance a cikin yanayi.

Yanayin yanzu

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Since the start of the Industrial Revolution, atmospheric CO2 concentration have been increasing, causing global warming and ocean acidification. In October 2023 the average level of CO2 in Earth's atmosphere, adjusted for seasonal variation, was 422.17 parts per million by volume (ppm).[8] Figures are published monthly by the National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).[9][10] The value had been about 280 ppm during the 10,000 years up to the mid-18th century. Tun farkon Juyin Juya Halin Masana'antu, yawan CO na yanayi yana ƙaruwa, yana haifar da dumamar duniya da ƙarancin teku. A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2023 matsakaicin matakin CO2 a cikin yanayin duniya, wanda aka daidaita don bambancin yanayi, ya kasance kashi 422.17 a kowace miliyan ta hanyar girma (ppm). [11] Ana buga adadi kowane wata ta Hukumar Kula da Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).[12][13] Darajar ta kasance kusan 280 ppm a cikin shekaru 10,000 har zuwa tsakiyar karni na 18. [2][3]

  1. ↑ Change, NASA Global Climate. "Carbon Dioxide Concentration | NASA Global Climate Change". Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet (in Turanci). Retrieved 2024-11-03.
  2. 1 2 "Carbon dioxide now more than 50% higher than pre-industrial levels". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 3 June 2022. Archived from the original on 5 June 2022. Retrieved 2022-06-14. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "NOAA-June2022" defined multiple times with different content
  3. 1 2 "The NOAA Annual Greenhouse Gas Index (AGGI) – An Introduction". NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory/Earth System Research Laboratories. Archived from the original on 27 November 2020. Retrieved 2020-12-18. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "NOAA-2020" defined multiple times with different content
  4. ↑ Etheridge, D.M.; L.P. Steele; R.L. Langenfelds; R.J. Francey; J.-M. Barnola; V.I. Morgan (1996). "Natural and anthropogenic changes in atmospheric Samfuri:CO2 over the last 1000 years from air in Antarctic ice and firn". Journal of Geophysical Research. 101 (D2): 4115–28. Bibcode:1996JGR...101.4115E. doi:10.1029/95JD03410. ISSN 0148-0227. S2CID 19674607.
  5. ↑ Petty, G.W. (2004). "A First Course in Atmospheric Radiation". Eos Transactions. 85 (36): 229–51. Bibcode:2004EOSTr..85..341P. doi:10.1029/2004EO360007.
  6. ↑ Empty citation (help)
  7. ↑ "Carbon Dioxide Absorbs and Re-emits Infrared Radiation". UCAR Center for Science Education. 2012. Archived from the original on 21 September 2017. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
  8. ↑ "Parts per million" refers to the number of carbon dioxide molecules per million molecules of dry air. "Carbon Dioxide LATEST MEASUREMENT". Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet. NASA Global Climate Change. Archived from the original on 17 April 2022. Updated monthly.
  9. ↑ "Global Monitoring Laboratory - Trends in Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide". National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration. Latest figure, and graphs of trend; frequently updated
  10. ↑ "Table of atmospheric CO₂ since 1958, updated monthly". National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration. The actual figures fluctuate month-by-month throughout the year, so figures for the same month of different years should be compared, or a seasonally corrected figure used.
  11. ↑ "Parts per million" refers to the number of carbon dioxide molecules per million molecules of dry air. "Carbon Dioxide LATEST MEASUREMENT". Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet. NASA Global Climate Change. Archived from the original on 17 April 2022. Updated monthly.
  12. ↑ "Global Monitoring Laboratory - Trends in Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide". National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration. Latest figure, and graphs of trend; frequently updated
  13. ↑ "Table of atmospheric CO₂ since 1958, updated monthly". National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration. The actual figures fluctuate month-by-month throughout the year, so figures for the same month of different years should be compared, or a seasonally corrected figure used.
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