Charlotte Haldane

Charlotte Haldane(née Franken ; 27 Afrilu 1894-16 Maris 1969) marubuci ɗan Burtaniya ne. Mijinta na biyu shine masanin halittu JBS Haldane.

Tarihin Rayuwa

An haifi Charlotte Franken a Sydenham, London.Rayuw Iyayenta ’yan gudun hijira Yahudawa ne,mahaifinta,Joseph, ɗan kasuwan jakin Jamus.A shekara ta 1906,iyalin sun ƙaura zuwa Antwerp.Ta yi karatun boko a Landan.Daga baya Charlotte ta bayyana kanta a matsayin "mai ra'ayin mata"tun tana da shekaru goma sha shida. A lokacin yakin duniya na farko iyayenta sun shiga tsakani amma sun yi hijira a 1915 zuwa Amurka.

Ta auri Jack Burghes a 1918 kuma sun haifi ɗa,Ronnie.Charlotte ta shiga Daily Express a matsayin ɗan jarida a 1920;ta kuma zama mai fafutukar kawo gyara a saki aure,samar da aikin yi ga matan aure,da samun saukin hana haihuwa. A cikin 1924 ta yi hira da masanin halittu JBS Haldane don Daily Express,kuma nan da nan suka zama abokai. Daga nan ta sami saki mai ban tsoro daga mijinta,kuma ta auri Haldane a 1926. A cikin wannan shekarar,Haldane ya rubuta wani littafi mai suna dystopian,Duniyar Mutum,wanda aka kafa a cikin duniyar da wani masanin kimiyya na maza ya yi mulki wanda ya hana adadin matan da aka haifa. Tun lokacin samartaka mata a wannan duniyar ana mayar da su “masu sana’a uwaye”ko kuma idan ba su da sha’awar zama uwa,sai a yi musu haifuwa a hannun gwamnati,su zama ‘yan ba ruwansu. Duniyar mutum wani lokaci ana kwatanta shi da sauran litattafan dystopian na lokacin tsaka-tsaki,ciki har da Aldous Huxley's Brave New World da Katharine Burdekin's Swastika Night.

Littafin Haldane na 1927 Motherhood and Its Enies ya zana wasu suka game da hare-haren da yake kaiwa kan masu cin zarafi da masu cin zarafi don "rasa darajar uwa" da kuma haifar da "kiyayyar jima'i"tsakanin namiji da mace.Duk da kasancewar Haldane na mata,Sheila Jeffreys ta kira Uwargida da Maƙiyanta "wani al'adar antifeminist".

A 1937 Charlotte ta shiga Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Burtaniya. A wannan lokacin ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin editan mujallar anti-fascist Woman Today. A lokacin yakin basasar Sipaniya ta shiga cikin ayyukan tara kudade a madadin Brigades na kasa da kasa,ta zama sakatariyar girmamawa na Kwamitin Ba da Agaji na Masu Dogara da kuma zama mai karbar ma'aikata a Paris. Daga baya ta zama jagora da fassara ga Paul Robeson lokacin da ya zagaya kasar a lokacin yakin. Dan nata,Ronny,shi ma ya shiga cikin Brigades na kasa da kasa kuma ya ji rauni a hannu,ya dawo Biritaniya a cikin kaka na 1937.

Jaridar Daily Sketch ta aika Charlotte Haldane zuwa Moscow don bayar da rahoto game da ci gaban da Soviets suka samu wajen kare kansu daga mamayewar Jamus na 1941 (wanda ake kira Operation Barbarossa).Ta ga zanga-zangar ƙauye na adawa da tara jama'a kuma ta ji kunya game da kariyar kwaminisanci na Soviet, wanda har yanzu JBS ya yi imani da shi,ta rubuta game da shi a cikin Newsreel na Rasha. Haldanes sun rabu a cikin 1942 kuma suka sake su a 1945. Daga baya JBS ya auri Helen Spurway.

Ta shafe shekarunta na ƙarshe tana rubuta tarihin tarihin mutane da yawa. Ta mutu a shekara ta 1969 na ciwon huhu.

Littafi Mai Tsarki

• Duniyar Mutum (1926)
• Uwa da Makiya (1927)
• Ɗan’uwa zuwa Bert (1930)
• Ba Na Kawo Zaman Lafiya (1932)
• Matasa Laifi ne (1934)
• Melusin (1936)
• Labaran Rasha (1941)
• Adalci Kurma ne (wasa)
• Gaskiya Za Ta Fita (Aikin Rayuwa, 1949)
• Marcel Proust (1951)
• Inuwar Mafarki (1953)
• Shekarun Yarda (wasa, 1953)
• Galyslaves of Love (1957)
• Mozart (1960)
• 'Yar Paris (1961)
• Hazo a Tahiti (1963)
• Babbar Babbar Sarauniya ta China (1965)
• Sarauniyar Zuciya: Marguerite na Valois (1968)