Chrystia Freeland
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Christina Alexandra Freeland PC MP (an haife ta a watan Agusta 2, 1968) yar siyasa ce kuma ɗan jarida ta Kanada wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar (MP) na Jami'a—Rosedale tun 2015. A baya ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar Firayim Minista na goma na Kanada daga 2019 zuwa 2024. 'Yar jam'iyyar masu sassaucin ra'ayi, an fara zabe ta a majalisar wakilai ta Canada a zaben fidda gwani a 2013. Da farko an nada ta zuwa ga Majalisar ministoci bayan zaben tarayya na 2015, ta yi aiki a mukamai daban-daban ciki har da ministar kudi daga 2020 har zuwa lokacin da ta yi murabus daga ma’aikatar Kanada ta 29 a shekarar 2024.
An haife shi a Kogin Peace, Alberta, Freeland ya kammala digiri na farko a Jami'ar Harvard, inda ya karanta tarihi da adabi na Rasha kafin ya sami digiri na biyu a cikin nazarin Slavonic daga Jami'ar Oxford. Ta yi aiki a matsayin ɗan jarida a Ukraine kuma daga ƙarshe ta riƙe mukaman edita a Financial Times, The Globe da Mail da Reuters, ta zama manajan darakta na ƙarshen. Ta kuma rubuta Sale of the Century: Rasha's Wild Ride daga Kwaminisanci zuwa Jari-hujja (2000) da Plutocrats: Rise of the New Global Super Rich and the Fall of kowa da kowa (2012).
Freeland ta zama MP bayan zaben fidda gwani na Cibiyar Toronto na 2013. Bayan zaben tarayya na 2015, Justin Trudeau ya kafa gwamnatinsa ta farko kuma aka nada ta ministar kasuwanci ta duniya. A karkashinta, Kanada ta yi shawarwari kan Yarjejeniyar Kanada-Amurka-Mexico da Yarjejeniyar Tattalin Arziki da Kasuwanci (CETA) tare da Tarayyar Turai, [1] ta sami karin girma zuwa ministar harkokin waje a 2017. Ta zama mataimakiyar firayim minista bayan haka. zaben 2019, inda ta kuma zama ministar harkokin gwamnati. A shekarar 2020, an nada ta a matsayin ministar kudi, inda ta zama mace ta farko da ta rike mukamin. Ta gabatar da kasafin kudin tarayya na farko a 2021, wanda ya gabatar da shirin kula da yara na kasa, a tsakiyar cutar ta COVID-19. A cikin 2022, ta kasance wani ɓangare na martanin tarayya game da zanga-zangar ayarin motocin Kanada, wanda ya haifar da kiran farko na Dokar Gaggawa. Ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a martanin da Kanada ta mayar game da yakin Russo-Ukrainian, ciki har da aiwatar da takunkumi kan Rasha da aika agaji zuwa Ukraine bayan mamayewa a 2022. A ranar 16 ga Disamba, 2024, ranar da aka tsara ta gabatar da tattalin arzikinta na Faduwa. Sanarwa a gaban majalisar dokokin Kanada ta 44, ta yi murabus daga majalisar ministocin Trudeau sakamakon rikicin siyasa tsakaninta da Trudeau. Murabus din da ta yi ya sa majalisar za ta yi murabus tare da neman a kada kuri'ar amincewa da jam'iyyun adawa. Masu sharhi na siyasa sun ba Freeland lakabi na yau da kullun na "Ministan Komai", [2] [3][4] [5][6]wani abin girmamawa da aka yi amfani da shi a baya don karamin minista na Liberal na karni na 20 C.D. Howe. An bayyana Freeland a cikin 2019 a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan ministocin majalisar zartarwa na Firayim Minista na Trudeau.
Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Freeland a Kogin Aminci, Alberta, a kan Agusta 2, 1968. Mahaifinta, Donald Freeland, manomi ne kuma lauya kuma memba na Jam'iyyar Liberal, da mahaifiyarta 'yar Ukrainian, Halyna Chomiak (1946-2007), ita ma lauya ce, kuma ta yi takarar New Democratic Party (NDP) a Edmonton Strathcona a zaben tarayya na 1988.Kakar mahaifinta amaryar yakin Scotland ce.Iyayen Freeland sun sake aure tun tana ’yar shekara tara, ko da yake ta ci gaba da zama da su biyun.
Freeland ta kasance mai fafutuka tun tana karama, tana shirya yajin aiki a aji biyar don nuna rashin amincewa da azuzuwan wadata na musamman na makarantarta. Ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Old Scona a Edmonton, Alberta na tsawon shekaru biyu kafin ta halarci Kwalejin United World College na Adriatic, a Italiya, kan tallafin karatu daga gwamnatin Alberta don aikin da ke neman haɓaka zaman lafiya da fahimtar duniya.
Ta karanta tarihi da adabi na Rasha a Jami'ar Harvard. A lokacin 1988–89, ta kasance daliba ta musayar musanya a Jami'ar Jihar Taras Shevchenko ta Kyiv an Ukraine, inda ta karanta Ukrainian, wanda ta kware.Yayin da take can, ta yi aiki tare da ɗan jarida Bill Keller na The New York Times don rubuta kaburburan Bykivnia, wurin da ba a taɓa yin alama ba inda NKVD ('yan sandan sirri na Soviet) suka zubar da dubun dubatar 'yan adawa. Labarin Soviet na hukuma ya nuna cewa kaburbura ne sakamakon zaluncin Nazi. Ta fassara labaran mutanen yankin da suka ga manyan motoci da aka rufe da kuma "tudun jini a kan hanya" wanda ya riga ya kai harin Nazi, ta kara da cewa wurin ya kasance sakamakon danniya na Stalin.
Yayin da take can ta ja hankalin KGB, wadanda suka yi mata lakabi da "Frida", da kuma jaridun Soviet, wadanda suka kai mata hari a matsayinta na 'yar kasashen waje da ke tsoma baki cikin harkokinsu na cikin gida saboda huldar da ta yi da 'yan gwagwarmayar Ukraine. KGB ta leka Freeland kuma ta buga kiran wayarta, kuma ta rubuta matashiyar ɗan gwagwarmayar Kanada tana isar da kuɗi, bidiyo da na'urorin rikodin sauti, da kuma kwamfuta ta sirri ga abokan hulɗa a Ukraine. Ta yi amfani da jami'ar diflomasiyya a Ofishin Jakadancin Kanada da ke Moscow wajen aika kayan aiki zuwa ketare a cikin jakar diflomasiyya ta asirce, ta yi aiki tare da 'yan jarida na kasashen waje kan labarun rayuwa a cikin Tarayyar Soviet, da kuma shirya jerin gwano da tarurruka don jawo hankali da goyon baya daga kasashen yammacin Turai. Lokacin da ta dawo daga tafiya zuwa Landan a cikin Maris 1989, an hana Freeland sake shiga Tarayyar Soviet. A lokacin da gwagwarmayarta a cikin Ukraine ya ƙare, Freeland ta zama batun babban binciken da KGB ya yi game da irin barnar da mutum ɗaya da aka ƙaddara zai iya yi wa Tarayyar Soviet; Labarin Globe and Mail na 2021 ya nakalto rahoton na wani tsohon jami'in KGB, wanda ya bayyana Freeland a matsayin "babban mutum", "mafi sani, mai son jama'a, dagewa, kuma mai kirkira wajen cimma burinta".Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai horar da 'yan jarida na United Press International a London a lokacin bazara na 1990.[17] Bayan haka, ta kammala karatun digiri na biyu a cikin karatun Slavonic daga Jami'ar Oxford a 1993 bayan ta yi karatu a Kwalejin St Antony a matsayin Masanin Rhodes.
Rayuwar sirri
Freeland ya auri Graham Bowley, marubuci ɗan Burtaniya kuma ɗan rahoto na The New York Times.Ma’auratan suna da ‘ya’ya uku. Ta zauna a Toronto tun lokacin bazara na 2013 lokacin da ta dawo daga ketare don yin takara.Tana jin yaren Ukrainian a gida tare da 'ya'yanta. Hakanan tana jin Turanci, Rashanci, Italiyanci, da Faransanci.[105] A cikin 2014, John Geddes ya ba da rahoton cewa Freeland da 'yar uwarta sun mallaki wani gida da ke kallon tsakiyar dandalin Kyiv, Maidan Nezalezhnosti.Freeland kuma ta mallaki kadarori a London, UK
Zuria
Kakan mahaifin Freeland, Wilbur Freeland, manomi ne kuma lauya wanda ya hau a cikin Calgary Stampede na shekara-shekara; ‘yar uwarsa, Beulah, matar dan majalisar tarayya ne, Ged Baldwin.Kakar mahaifinta, Helen Caulfield, amaryar yakin duniya na biyu ce daga Glasgow.Mahaifiyar Freeland, Halyna Chomiak, an haife ta ne a asibitin da Sojojin Amurka ke gudanarwa; iyayenta sun kasance a sansanin 'yan gudun hijira a wurin shakatawa a Bad Wörishofen a Bavaria, Jamus. Iyayen Katolika na Ukrainian Halyna sune Mykhailo Khomiak (Ukrainian: Михайло Хомяк, anglicized kamar Michael Chomiak), an haife shi a Stroniatyn [Wikidata], Galicia, da Alexandra Loban, asalin Rudniki, kusa da Stanislaviv (yanzu Ivano-Frankiv] ).
Kakan mahaifiyar Freeland, Michael Chomiak, ya kasance ɗan jarida kafin yakin duniya na biyu. A lokacin yakin Poland da Nazi ya mamaye sannan daga baya a Ostiriya da Nazi ya mamaye ya kasance babban editan jaridar Ukraine Krakivs'ki Visti (Kraków News) ga gwamnatin Nazi.Bayan mutuwar Chomiak a 1984, John-Paul Himka, farfesa na tarihi a Jami'ar Alberta, wanda shi ne surukin Chomiak (da kuma kawun Freeland ta hanyar aure), ya yi amfani da bayanan Chomiak, ciki har da tsofaffin batutuwa na jarida, kamar yadda tushen takardun ilimi da yawa sun mayar da hankali kan ɗaukar nauyin kisan gillar Soviet na fararen hula na Ukrainian. Waɗannan takardun kuma sun yi nazarin amfani da waɗannan kisan kiyashi a matsayin farfagandar Nazi ga Yahudawa.A cikin 2017, lokacin da gidajen yanar gizon da ke da alaƙa da Rasha, misali. Insider na Rasha da sabon yakin cacar baka, sun kara bayyana alakar Chomiak da Nazism, Freeland da masu magana da yawunta sun mayar da martani ta hanyar da'awar cewa wannan yakin basasa ne na Rasha yayin nadin da aka yi mata a matsayin ministar harkokin waje.] [mafi yawa] Ofishinta daga baya ya musanta Chomiak ya taɓa yin haɗin gwiwa da Nazi Jamus.Koyaya, rahoton da The Globe and Mail ya bayar ya nuna cewa Freeland ta san dangantakar kakanta na Nazi tun aƙalla 1996, lokacin da ta taimaka gyara labarin masana na Himka don Jaridar Nazarin Yukren.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Kassam, Ashifa (January 10, 2017). "Canada names Chrystia Freeland, leading Russia critic, as foreign minister". The Guardian. Archived from the original on July 17, 2020.
- ↑ Taylor-Vaisey, Nick (March 5, 2020). "The minister of everything, Chrystia Freeland, takes on the coronavirus". Maclean's. Archived from the original on April 7, 2020
- ↑ Taube, Michael (August 20, 2020). "Meet Canada's 'Minister of Everything'". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on August 27, 2020.
- ↑ Gardner, Lauren (August 18, 2020). "Freeland rises to Canada's first female finance minister amid Trudeau scandal". Politico. Archived from the original on August 21, 2020.
- ↑ Neklason, Annika (March 14, 2020). "How Canada's 'Minister of Everything' Sees the World". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on September 7, 2020.
- ↑ Paez, Beatrice (March 6, 2020). "Minister of everything, Freeland, risks burnout in adding oversight of feds' coronavirus response to growing portfolio, say politicos". The Hill Times. Archived from the original on March 7, 2020.