Cibiyar Nazarin Tasirin Yanayi ta Potsdam
 Cibiyar Nazarin Tasirin Yanayi ta Potsdam | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Bayanai | |
| Iri |
research institute (en)  |
| Ƙasa | Jamus |
| Aiki | |
| Mamba na |
Wissenschaftsgemeinschaft Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz e. V. (mul) , Ƙungiyar Yanayi ta Jamus, Verein zur Förderung eines Deutschen Forschungsnetzes (mul) , Informationsdienst Wissenschaft (mul) da Nationale Forschungsdateninfrastruktur (mul) |
| Member count (en) | 7 (2024) |
| Bangare na |
Albert Einstein Science Park (en) |
| Mulki | |
| Shugaba |
Ottmar Edenhofer (mul) da Johan Rockström (mul) |
| Mamallaki |
Wissenschaftsgemeinschaft Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz e. V. (mul) |
| Tarihi | |
| Ƙirƙira | 1992 |
| Wanda ya samar | |
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Cibiyar Nazarin Tasirin yanayi ta Potsdam (PIK, Jamusanci: ) cibiyar bincike ce ta gwamnatin Jamus da ke magance muhimman tambayoyin kimiyya a fannonin canjin duniya, tasirin yanayi, da Ci gaba mai ɗorewa. An sanya shi cikin manyan tankunan tunani na muhalli a duk duniya, [1] yana daya daga cikin manyan cibiyoyin bincike kuma wani ɓangare na cibiyar sadarwa ta duniya ta cibiyoyin kimiyya da ilimi da ke aiki a kan tambayoyin canjin muhalli na duniya. Yana cikin Ƙungiyar Leibniz, wanda cibiyoyinsa ke gudanar da bincike kan batutuwa masu mahimmanci ga al'umma.
Shugaban cibiyar shine Ottmar Edenhofer, Johan Rockström da Bettina Hörstrup .
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An kafa PIK a cikin 1992 ta Hans Joachim Schellnhuber, wanda ya zama darekta na farko na cibiyar. A cikin 2018 shugabannin haɗin gwiwa biyu sun gaje shi - masanin tattalin arzikin yanayi Ottmar Edenhofer, da masanin kimiyyar duniya Johan Rockström, tsohon darektan Cibiyar Resilience na Stockholm. Kimanin mutane 400 ne ke aiki a cibiyar da ke kan Telegrafenberg mai tarihi na Potsdam. Masu bincike daga kimiyyar dabi'a da zamantakewa suna nazarin tsarin duniya, tantance haɗarin yanayi da haɓaka manufofi da hanyoyin warware hanyoyin da za a iya magance sauyin yanayi nan gaba.
Ƙungiya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Cibiyar Potsdam tana daga cikin Ƙungiyar Leibniz . Kwamitin ta ya kunshi daraktoci uku, Ottmar Edenhofer, Johan Rockström da Bettina Hörstrup, wanda shine darektan gudanarwa. PIK tana da sassan bincike guda huɗu (RDs) da dakunan gwaje-gwaje na gaba guda bakwai.
Sashen Bincike
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Nazarin Tsarin Duniya (RD 1)
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Sashen Bincike na 1 (RD1) yana ba da tushen kimiyyar tsarin Duniya na PIK. Yana mai da hankali kan fahimtar da kuma tsara tsarin jiki da na biogeochemical wanda ke jagorantar tsarin Duniya (watau Tekuna, Yanayi da Biosphere) da kuma martani ga tsangwama na mutum. Binciken RD1 yana jagorantar manyan jigogi huɗu waɗanda PIK ta taimaka wajen kafawa:
- Bayanan da ke cikin tsarin yanayi: Tsarin tsarin duniya da ba na layi ba da kuma halayyar ƙofar.
- iyakokin duniya: Ma'anar, ƙididdiga da aiki na iyakokin duniya da hulɗarsu.
- Hanyoyin duniya: Dynamics da hanyoyin aiki na tsarin duniya (alal misali canje-canje na yaduwa, tsarin ra'ayoyi) a ƙarƙashin tilasta na halitta da na ɗan adam, da kuma sakamakon haka na dogon lokaci da na gajeren lokaci.
- Abubuwan da suka faru masu tsanani: Ci gaban fahimtar hanyoyin da ke da ƙarfi da sauya kididdigar abubuwan da suka faru na matsanancin yanayi a kan duniya mai zafi.
Resilience na Yanayi (RD 2)
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]RD2 tana ƙoƙari don inganta fahimtar juriya ta yanayi, watau juriya ta tsarin zamantakewa da muhalli ga canjin yanayi, a bangarori daban-daban da kuma fadin ma'auni masu yawa. A matsayin tsari na gaba ɗaya don binciken RD2, juriya ya ƙunshi fannoni na juriya - ikon tsarin don tsayayya da shan girgizar gajeren lokaci, duk da haka ya kasance a cikin ƙofofi masu mahimmanci; daidaitawa - ikon murmurewa, daidaitawa don canza direbobi na waje, kuma ta haka ya kasance akan yanayin yanzu; da canji - ikon ƙetare ƙofo, idan ya cancanta, cikin sababbin hanyoyin ci gaba na dogon lokaci.
- Tasirin canjin yanayi da tasirin zamantakewa da tattalin arziki da suka shafi amfani da ƙasa, noma, gandun daji, tsarin ruwa, lafiyar ɗan adam da jin daɗi, da birane.
- Kyakkyawan iyawar al'ummomi da yanayin halittu a fadin ma'auni a matakai daban-daban na dumamar duniya;
- Haɗin kai tsakanin daidaitawar Canjin yanayi da ragewa don inganta ƙarfin yanayi da cimma ci gaban ɗan adam mai ɗorewa.
Hanyoyin Canji (RD 3)
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Sashen Bincike na 3 (RD3) yana da niyyar samar da hadin gwiwa game da sauyin yanayi da hanyoyin tasirin sauyin yanayi don sanar da zaɓin al'ummomi. Tsaro na yanayi na iya samun farashi, amma canjin yanayi ba tare da raguwa ba na iya haifar da mummunar tasiri ga ci gaban tattalin arziki; asarar halittu iri-iri yana ƙaruwa ta hanyar canjin yanayi, amma kuma ana iya ƙara shi ta wasu dabarun ragewa da ke dogara da amfani da ƙasa; Tsaro na sauyin yanayi na iya haifar wa masu nasara da masu hasara, amma canji na yanayi da kansa zai sami tasirin rarraba mai ƙarfi kuma ya shafi ƙananan ƙungiyoyin samun kuɗi ba daidai ba.
- Ci gaban hadin gwiwar kariya ta yanayi da hanyoyin tasirin yanayi. Binciken dabarun ragewa da sauran tasirin dangane da ci gaban zamantakewa da tattalin arziki, tasirin rarraba da amincin duniya.
- Tasirin zamantakewa na canjin yanayi. Binciken canjin yanayi a matsayin mai yuwuwar direba na ƙaura, ƙaura, da rikici.
- Amfani da ƙasa mai ɗorewa. Binciken hanyoyin sauya hanyoyin amfani da ƙasa da ke amfani da damar ragewa yayin da a lokaci guda ke tabbatar da amincin biosphere.
- Amfani da makamashi mai ɗorewa. Binciken hanyoyin canji zuwa ga amfani da makamashi mai ɗorewa da carbon-neutral tare da la'akari da amfani da albarkatun su da sawun muhalli.
- Shirye-shiryen manufofi don hanyoyin kare yanayi. Binciken kayan aikin ka'idoji da na tattalin arziki dangane da ingancin su da tasirin rarraba.
Kimiyya mai rikitarwa (RD 4)
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Wannan RD an sadaukar da shi ga Koyon Injin, Hanyoyin Nonlinear da dabarun yanke shawara. Abubuwan da aka fi mayar da hankali sune:
- Abubuwan da suka faru na yanayi da matsananciyar yanayi: Tsinkaya da ƙira tare da cibiyoyin sadarwa masu rikitarwa, nazarin bayanai marasa layi, ilimin lissafi, da ilmantarwa na inji.
- Canjin yanayi na gaggawa: Bincike da tsinkaya tare da nazarin jerin lokuta masu ci gaba, ƙididdigar lambobi, da ra'ayoyin nazari.
- Cibiyoyin sadarwar zamantakewa da tattalin arziki da ababen more rayuwa: Fahimtar ci gaba ta hanyar sabbin ƙira da ra'ayoyin kwanciyar hankali.
- Shawarwarin yanayi: Bayyana ka'idoji da hulɗar ƙira ta amfani da econometrics, ka'idar wasan, da ilmantarwa na inji.
- ↑ McGann, James (18 June 2020). "2019 Global Go To Think Tank Index Report". TTCSP Global Go to Think Tank Index Reports. doi:10.4324/9780429298318. ISBN 9780429298318. S2CID 188102746.