Cibiyar hulɗa da yara
Cibiyar hulɗa wuri ne mai tsaka-tsaki inda yara na iyalai da suka rabu zasu iya jin daɗin hulɗa tare da Iyaye marasa zama kuma wani lokacin wasu dangin, a cikin yanayi mai kyau da aminci. Ana rarraba ayyukan hulɗa na yara zuwa nau'o'i biyu daban-daban: tallafawa da kulawa (wanda ke kula da shari'o'in da ke da al'amuran kiyayewa). Babban aikinta shine tallafawa da inganta hulɗa tsakanin iyaye, kakanni, masu kula da yara waɗanda ba su da Dokar Mazauni (mahaifiyar da ba ta zama).
Kotun iyali na iya ba da umarnin amfani da cibiyar hulɗa a lokuta inda:
- Ana ci gaba da hulɗa bayan hutu kuma akwai damuwa da iyayen mazaunin suka tayar.
- lokacin da akwai zarge-zarge daga kowanne bangare na cin zarafin gida ko cin zarafin yara ko dai; cin zarafin jima'i, cin zarafin motsin rai ko sakaci da cin zarafin jiki
- Rikicin cikin gida ko cin zarafin matacin zarafin aure
- cin zarafin yara ko dai; cin zarafin jima'i, cin zarafin motsin rai ko cin zarafin jiki
- sakaci
- inda akwai warewar iyaye ko kuma inda daya daga cikin bangarorin da ke cikin rikici yana da ƙiyayya mai tsanani ga wani.
- inda mai kimantawa ko jami'in kula da yara ya ga ya zama dole saboda dalilai na jin dadin yara, don dalilai na kimantawa to kuma sakamakon cin zarafin iko.
Ƙasar Ingila
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Cibiyoyin sune ayyukan cikin gida, waɗanda kungiyoyi da yawa ke gudanarwa, gami da kungiyoyin al'umma, kungiyoyin agaji, kamfanonin zamantakewa, kamfanoni da hukumomin gida. Cibiyar hulɗa ta farko a Ingila ta buɗe a 1985 kuma cibiyoyin farko a Scotland sun buɗe a 1988.
Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Yara ita ce ƙungiyar tallafawa membobin kusan 350 cibiyoyin tuntuɓar yara da ayyuka da ke ko'ina cikin Ingila (gami da Channel Isles), Wales da Arewacin Ireland.[1] Ita ce mafi girma a Turai. Yawancin cibiyoyin a Scotland suna gudanar da su ta hanyar Relationships Scotland. Wani majistare na Nottingham, Mary Lower, ya kafa cibiyar hulɗa ta yara ta farko don shari'a mai zaman kanta a shekarar 1985. Ta ci gaba da kafa Ƙungiyar Ƙasa a 1991, ta ci gaba da shiga cikinta a matsayin shugabar har sai da ta mutu a 2017. Sir James Munby yanzu shine shugaban NACCC wanda mataimakan shugabanni biyu suka goyi bayan (Baroness McIntosh na Pickering da Sir Mark Hedley) da Patron - Sir Andrew McFarlane (Shugaba na Sashen Iyali da Shugaban Shari'ar Iyali). Yanzu an kafa sadaka da kamfani da aka iyakance ta hanyar garanti, NACCC tana da kwamitin amintattu wanda Hazel Hedley ke jagoranta. Babban Darakta, Elizabeth Coe ne ke jagorantar ƙungiyar ma'aikata.
Iyalai ko dai suna amfani kai tsaye don zuwa cibiyar hulɗa ta yara kai tsaye ko kuma masu ba da shawara na iyali, masu sulhu na iyali, ma'aikatan zamantakewa ko jami'an CAFCASS ne ke tura su.
Ostiraliya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ayyukan Tattaunawa na Yara (CCS) ana tallafawa ne a karkashin "Shirin Ayyukan Dangantaka na Iyali" (FRSP) na Gwamnatin Australiya. Ayyukan suna taimakawa tare da mika yara kuma suna ba da kulawa mai kulawa.
Ya zuwa 1 ga Fabrairu 2004 akwai 35 FRSP-financed Children's Contact Services da kuma wasu ayyukan da ba na Gwamnatin Australiya ba. Akwai karuwar wahala a cikin wannan bangaren, inda gwamnati ke tallafawa Cibiyoyin Hulɗa da Yara suna ƙarƙashin karuwar buƙata da jerin jira na dogon lokaci, inda ake ba da sabis masu zaman kansu a cikin masana'antar da ba a tsara su ba.[1]
Isra'ila
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A Isra'ila akwai mafi yawan cibiyoyin hulɗa ga kowane mutum a duniya, 84 ga yawan mutane miliyan 8. Babu cibiyoyin hulɗa a yankunan da ba na Yahudawa ba. Ana aika da maza 2500 zuwa cibiyoyin tuntuɓar kowace shekara, kusan kashi 40% na duk saki.