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Cin zarafin iyaye da yara ke yi

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Rikicin yara da iyaye (CPV), wanda aka fi sani da cin zarafi iyaye ta 'ya'yansu, ya zama bayyanar tashin hankali na gida wanda ke nuna cin zarafin iyayensu. CPV na iya bayyana a cikin nau'o'i daban-daban, wanda ya kunshi jiki, magana, tunani, motsin rai, da kuma kudi. : 3-6 Sakamakon ci gaba da cin zarafin daga zuriyar mutum na iya zama mai mahimmanci, yana da tasiri ga lafiyar jiki da tunanin iyaye, a cikin lokaci na gaggawa da na dogon lokaci.

Dalilai da yawa na halayyar zamba

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Mutane da yawa suna la'akari da cin zarafin iyaye sakamakon wasu ayyukan iyaye, sakaci, ko kuma yaron da ke fama da cin zarafi da kansu, amma wasu masu cin zarafin matasa sun sami "al'ada" kuma ba su sha wahala daga irin wannan yanayi ba. Yara na iya fuskantar tashin hankali a talabijin, a fina-finai da kiɗa, kuma wannan tashin hankali na iya zama "na al'ada".[1] Rushewar dangin, matalauta ko rashin dangantaka da iyaye ba su nan, da kuma bashin, rashin aikin yi, da kuma shan miyagun ƙwayoyi / barasa na iyaye na iya zama abubuwan da ke ba da gudummawa ga cin zarafi. Wasu wasu dalilai na CPV bisa ga masana da yawa sun hada da: [2]

  • Halin halayyar tashin hankali
  • Rashin jin daɗi ko rashin iya magance matsaloli
  • Rashin iyawa ko rashin son koyon yadda za a sarrafa halayyar
  • Ganin wasu cin zarafi a gida
  • Rashin girmamawa ga iyaye saboda raunin da aka gani
  • Rashin sakamako ga mummunar hali
  • Yin amfani da kansu
  • Al'adun 'yan daba
  • Rashin iya kula da iyaye masu nakasa ko marasa lafiya
  • Ramuwar gayya ko azabtarwa
  • Rashin lafiya na kwakwalwa
  • Hukuncin jiki

Tarihi

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Cin zarafin iyaye sabon lokaci ne. A shekara ta 1979, Harbin da Madden [3] sun fitar da wani binciken ta amfani da kalmar "batirin iyaye" amma ƙarancin yara, wanda shine babban abu, an yi nazari tun daga ƙarshen karni na 19. [4] Kodayake an yi wasu karatu a Amurka, Ostiraliya, Kanada, da sauran ƙasashe, rashin bayar da rahoton cin zarafin matasa ga iyaye ya sa ya zama da wahala a tantance ainihin girmansa. Nazarin da yawa dole ne su dogara da rahoton kansu ta matasa.[5][6] A shekara ta 2004, Robinson, na Jami'ar Brigham Young, ya buga: Abuse Parent on the Rise: A Historical Review a cikin American Association of Behavioral Social Science Online Journal, yana ba da rahoton sakamakon binciken 1988 da Evans da Warren-Sohlberg suka yi. [4][7] Sakamakon ya ba da rahoton cewa kashi 57% na cin zarafin iyaye ya kasance na jiki; amfani da makami ya kasance a 17%; jefa abubuwa ya kasance a 5% kuma cin zarafin baki ya kasance a 22%. Tare da kashi 82% na cin zarafin da aka yi wa uwaye (sau biyar fiye da iyaye), kuma kashi 11% na masu cin zarafin ba su kai shekaru 10 ba. Mafi yawan cin zarafin yana faruwa a cikin iyalai masu uwa ɗaya. Iyaye yawanci sune masu kula da farko; suna ciyar da lokaci mai yawa tare da 'ya'yansu fiye da iyayensu kuma suna da alaƙa ta motsin rai da su. Hakanan yana iya zama saboda girman da ƙarfin mai cin zarafi. Cin zarafin iyaye na iya faruwa a kowane iyali kuma ba lallai bane ya danganta da asalin kabilanci, zamantakewar zamantakewa da tattalin arziki, ko yanayin Jima'i.

Bincike da yawa sun kammala cewa jinsi ba ya taka rawa a cikin jimlar adadin masu aikata laifin; duk da haka, maza suna iya haifar da cin zarafin jiki kuma mata suna iya haifar le cin zarafin motsin rai.[6][8] Nazarin daga Amurka ya kiyasta cewa tashin hankali tsakanin matasa ya kai shekaru 15-17. [7] Koyaya, binciken Kanada da Barbara Cottrell ta yi a cikin 2001 ya nuna shekarun suna da shekaru 12-14.[9]

Cin zarafin iyaye ba ya faruwa ne kawai a cikin gida amma yana iya faruwa a wuraren jama'a, yana ƙara wulakanci ga iyaye. Cin zarafi ba kawai al'amarin cikin gida ba ne amma yana iya zama mai laifi. Yawancin matasa suna fuskantar canji inda suke ƙoƙarin tafiya daga dogaro zuwa masu zaman kansu, amma akwai wasu abubuwan da ke tattare da ikon iyaye waɗanda zasu iya canza shi. Kullum za a sami lokutan tsayayya da ikon iyaye. A cewar Canadian National Clearinghouse on Family Violence, cin zarafin gabaɗaya yana farawa da cin zarafin baki, amma har ma a wannan lokacin, wasu mata na iya cin zarafin jiki ga yaro wanda ya fi ƙanƙanta kuma ya fi rauni fiye da su, kuma don rufe cin zarafin su, sau da yawa suna yin ƙarya ga ɗayan iyaye game da ainihin abubuwan da suka haifar da "tsananin hukunci". Yaron, matashi ko iyaye bazai nuna nadama ba ko laifi ba kuma suna jin da adalci a cikin halayyar, amma sau da yawa lokacin da yawa lokacin cewa yaron shine wanda ake cin zarafin kansu ba, suna da ake tilasta musu ba su kare kansu ba su ba, suna jin da kansu ba su da kansu ba, ba su da su da kansu, suna da kansu ba za su da kansu da kansu ba.[4] Iyaye na iya bincika halayyar yaransu don sanin ko yana da cin zarafi ko a'a. Wasu matasa na iya zama masu tsattsauran ra'ayi sakamakon cin zarafin iyaye, rashin aiki, ko matsalolin tunani, yayin da wasu yara na iya samun matsala wajen magance motsin zuciyarsu. Koyaya, yara waɗanda aka zalunta ba koyaushe ake ba su kariya daga iyayensu masu zalunci ba.

Shiga tsakani

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Rashin tsayayya da tashin hankali (NVR) wata hanya ce da aka tsara don shawo kan halayen yaro mai tsattsauran ra'ayi, sarrafawa, da lalata kansa.[10][11] A cikin NVR, iyaye suna maye gurbin magana da aiki, ba sa shiga cikin halayen tashin hankali ko cutarwa.[12] Tare da goyon bayan masu warkarwa da sauran masu ba da shawara, yana yiwuwa a gano lafiyar kwakwalwa da sauran damuwa game da halayyar a duk wannan tsari. Yana da yankuna huɗu inda masu warkarwa ko wasu masu ba da shawara ke tallafawa iyaye: [12]

  1. Ragewa
  2. Kashe tabo
  3. Yin ayyukan da ba na tashin hankali ba
  4. Ayyukan sulhu

Duk da yake shiga tsakani zaɓi ne, bazai yi aiki koyaushe ba. Akwai lokutan da yaron ke da rashin lafiya na hankali wanda ba ya ba su damar, matashi ko matashi, su fahimci ainihin abin da ke faruwa. Saboda haka, suna nuna motsin zuciyarsu ta hanyar da suka sani. Wannan na iya gabatar da kansa a matsayin tashin hankali, cin zarafin motsin rai, halayyar lalacewa, kamar lalata dukiyar mutum ko cutar da kai. Amurka a halin yanzu tana kare yara da aka yi wa zalunci ta hanyar Kotuna, Ayyukan Kare Yara da sauran hukumomi. Har ila yau, Amurka tana da Ayyukan Tsaro na Adult wanda aka bayar ga waɗanda aka yi wa zalunci, waɗanda aka yi watsi da su, ko kuma tsofaffi da manya masu nakasa. Babu hukumomi ko shirye-shiryen da ke kare iyaye daga yara masu cin zarafi, matasa ko matasa ban da barin hakkinsu na iyaye ga jihar da suke zaune.[1]

A ƙarshe, ingancin dangantakar iyali kai tsaye yana tasiri ga tashin hankali tsakanin yara da iyaye, tare da horo mai ƙarfi yana taka rawar matsakaici a wannan alaƙa. Ya bayyana cewa yanayin motsin rai da ingancin dangantakar iyali gabaɗaya sune mahimman abubuwan hana halayen tashin hankali.[13]

Dubi kuma

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  • Cin zarafin yara
  • Iyalin da ba su aiki ba
  • Cin zarafin tsofaffi
  • Laifin yara
  • Rashin Iyaye
  • Runaway (ya dogara)
  • Cin zarafin 'yan uwa
  • Tawayen matasa

Manazarta

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  1. ↑ Osofsky, Joy D. (1999). "The Impact of Violence on Children". The Future of Children. 9 (3): 33–49. doi:10.2307/1602780. ISSN 1054-8289. JSTOR 1602780. PMID 10777999.
  2. ↑ Bobic, N. (2004). "Adolescent Violence Towards Parents" (PDF). Australian Domestic and Family Violence Clearinghouse. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 March 2012.
  3. ↑ Osofsky, Joy D. (1999). "The Impact of Violence on Children". The Future of Children. 9 (3): 33–49. doi:10.2307/1602780. ISSN 1054-8289. JSTOR 1602780. PMID 10777999.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Robinson, P.W.; Davidson, L.J.; Drebot, M.E. (2004). "Parent abuse on the rise: A historical review" (PDF). American Association of Behavioral Social Science: 58–67. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 29, 2016. Retrieved 2 June 2012.
  5. ↑ Paterson, R.; Luntz, H.; Perlesz, A.; Cotton, S. (2002). "Adolescent Violence Towards Parents: Maintaining Family Connections When The Going Gets Tough" (PDF). Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy. 23: 90–100. doi:10.1002/j.1467-8438.2002.tb00493.x. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 April 2012. Retrieved 26 May 2012.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Agnew, R.; Huguley, S. (1989). "Adolescent violence towards parents". Journal of Marriage and Family. 51 (3): 699–771. doi:10.2307/352169. JSTOR 352169.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Evans, D.; Warren-Sohlberg, L. (1989). "A pattern analysis of adolescent abusive behaviour towards parents". Journal of Adolescent Research. 3 (2): 210–216. doi:10.1177/074355488832007. S2CID 145634430.
  8. ↑ Osofsky, Joy D. (1999). "The Impact of Violence on Children". The Future of Children. 9 (3): 33–49. doi:10.2307/1602780. ISSN 1054-8289. JSTOR 1602780. PMID 10777999.
  9. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Cottrell
  10. ↑ Osofsky, Joy D. (1999). "The Impact of Violence on Children". The Future of Children. 9 (3): 33–49. doi:10.2307/1602780. ISSN 1054-8289. JSTOR 1602780. PMID 10777999.
  11. ↑ Osofsky, Joy D. (1999). "The Impact of Violence on Children". The Future of Children. 9 (3): 33–49. doi:10.2307/1602780. ISSN 1054-8289. JSTOR 1602780. PMID 10777999.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 "Information on NVR for Parents". PartnershipProjects UK (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-10-26.
  13. ↑ Osofsky, Joy D. (1999). "The Impact of Violence on Children". The Future of Children. 9 (3): 33–49. doi:10.2307/1602780. ISSN 1054-8289. JSTOR 1602780. PMID 10777999.
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