Cinikin mutane a Jamhuriyar Kongo

Cinikin mutane a Jamhuriyar Kongo

Iri	human activity (en) human trafficking by country or territory (en)
Ƙasa	Jamhuriyar Kwango
Nahiya	Afirka

A shekara ta 2009, Jamhuriyar Kongo (ROC) ƙasa ce mai zuwa da wucewa ga yara da ke fuskantar fataucin mutane don dalilai na tilasta aiki da karuwanci. Yawancin kafofin sun yarda cewa har zuwa kashi 80 cikin 100 na duk yaran da aka fataucin sun fito ne daga Benin, tare da 'yan mata da suka hada da kashi 90 cikin 100 na wannan rukuni. Togo, Mali, Guinea, Kamaru, Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, da Senegal suma sune tushen wadanda aka samu a Jamhuriwar Kongo. Yara da aka yi fataucin su a cikin gida sun wakilci kashi 10 cikin 100 na duk yaran da aka azabtar, mafi yawansu sun fito ne daga yankin Pool. Yawancin yara da abin ya shafa sun kasance cikin aikin tilas, gami da aikin gida, sayar da kasuwa da kamun kifi; an kuma yi amfani da 'yan mata a kasuwancin jima'i. Yara da ke fama da cutar gabaɗaya sun sami mummunar kulawa, sa'o'i masu tsawo na aiki, kuma kusan babu samun ilimi ko sabis na kiwon lafiya; sun sami karamin albashi ko babu albashi don aikinsu. Sauran yara na ƙauye, duk da haka, sun zauna da yardar rai tare da dangi a cikin birane, suna halartar makaranta, kuma suna yin aikin gida don musayar abinci, a cikin al'adun gargajiya da na iyali wanda id ba ya haifar da cin zarafi.

A shekara ta 2009 Gwamnatin Jamhuriyar Kongo ba ta cika cikakkun ka'idoji don kawar da fataucin mutane ba; duk da haka, ta yi kokari sosai don yin hakan, duk da iyakantaccen albarkatu. Majalisar Dattijai ta zartar da Dokar Kare Yara a watan Agustan shekara ta 2009, wanda ke ba da hukunci ga masu aikata laifuka masu fataucin mutane; wannan dokar tana jiran sa hannun Shugaban kasa. Har ila yau, gwamnati ta haɓaka kuma ta fara aiwatar da shirin yaki da fataucin yara na kasa, kuma Ma'aikatar Ayyuka ta bincika sabbin shari'o'i tara na fataucin Yara a cikin 2009. Koyaya, tuhume-tuhume takwas bisa ga tuhumar fataucin yara da aka gabatar shekara ɗaya ko biyu da suka gabata sun kasance suna jiran kuma ba su zo ƙarshe ba ko kuma sun haifar da hukunci. Gwamnati ba ta gano wadanda aka yi wa fataucin mutane a shekarar 2009. Yawancin ayyukan gwamnati na yaki da fataucin mutane sun kasance sun dogara da kudaden masu ba da gudummawa na duniya.

Ofishin Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka don Kulawa da Yaki da Cin Hanci da Kasuwanci a cikin Mutane ya sanya kasar a cikin "Tier 3" a cikin 2017. Kasar ta kasance a cikin Tier 2 Watch List a cikin 2023.

A tsakiyar shekara ta 2024, ROC ba jam'iyya ce ga Yarjejeniyar TIP ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta 2000 ba.

Shari'a (2009)

Gwamnatin ROC ta nuna ƙananan ƙoƙarin tilasta bin doka don yaki da fataucin mutane a lokacin rahoton. Gwamnati ba ta gurfanar da laifukan fataucin mutane ba ko kuma ta yanke wa masu aikata laifukan da fataucin fataucin a cikin shekara ta 2009. Dokar Kare Yara, wacce ta haramta kuma ta ba da umarni ga azabtarwa ga fataucin yara, Majalisar Dattijai ta zartar da ita a watan Agustan 2009, amma har yanzu tana jiran sa hannun Shugaban kasa. Babi na 2 Mataki na 60 na wannan doka ya haramta fataucin mutane, sayarwa, ciniki, da cin zarafin yara, kuma Mataki na 115 ya ba da umarnin azabtar da aiki tuƙuru da tarar tsakanin kusan $ 1,978 da $ 19,790. Ana iya hukunta cin zarafin yara a karkashin Dokar Shari'a Mataki na 344, amma hukuncin da aka ba da shi na tsawon shekaru biyu da kuma tarar ba shi da isasshen ƙarfi ko kuma ya dace da hukuncin da dokar Kongo ta ba da umarni ga wasu manyan laifuka, kamar fyade. Cinikin manya ba a rufe shi a karkashin dokar Kongo ba. Ma'aikatar Ayyuka ta bincika, amma ba ta gurfanar da shi ba, sabbin shari'o'i tara na fataucin yara a cikin 2009. Shari'a takwas bisa zargin fataucin yara da aka gabatar shekara daya ko biyu da suka gabata sun kasance suna jiran, kuma babu wanda ya haifar da hukunci. Ma'aikatar Harkokin Jama'a ta ci gaba da haɗin gwiwa tare da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu na cikin gida da UNICEF don samar da horo ga masu binciken ma'aikatun 40 kan gane wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane da kuma tallafawa asibitocin shari'a. Bugu da kari, gwamnati ta yi haɗin gwiwa tare da UNICEF don samar da horo ga jami'an 'yan sanda da ba a san adadi ba a cikin shekara don gane shari'o'in fataucin mutane. Gwamnati ba ta nuna wata shaida ta shiga ko haƙuri da fataucin mutane a kowane matakin ba.

Kariya (2009)

Gwamnatin Jamhuriyar Kongo ta ba da ƙaramin ayyukan kariya ga waɗanda aka yi musu fataucin, kuma ba ta gano ko wanda aka yi musu fataucin ba a lokacin rahoton. Masu bincike da Ma'aikatar Harkokin Zamantakewa ta yi amfani da su sun yi amfani da tsarin ganowa da rajista don taimaka wa waɗanda aka yi musu fataucin. Gwamnati ba ta tabbatar da cewa waɗanda abin ya shafa sun sami damar yin amfani da wuraren kulawa ba, sai dai ta hanyar tallafawa matsuguni, Espace Jarot, wanda ke ba da kulawa ga ƙananan yara masu haɗari, ciki har da waɗanda aka yi musu fataucin; a aikace, waɗanda abin ya shafa kaɗan ne suke samun damar yin amfani da wuraren kulawa. A cikin haɗin gwiwa da wakilan ofishin jakadancin Benin, Togo, da Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, 'yan sanda da sauran jami'an tsaro sun kafa ƙungiyar aiki don gano tsarin fataucin da kuma sauƙaƙe komawar yaran da aka yi musu fataucin zuwa ƙasashensu na asali, amma har yanzu ba su yi amfani da ƙungiyar don mayar da ko wanda aka yi wa fataucin ba. Waɗanda aka yi musu fataucin daga ƙasashen waje suna da damar shiga cibiyar kamar 'yan ƙasar Kongo, ko da yake babu damar yin amfani da shari'a, kula da lafiya, ko sabis na tunanin mutum. Wasu ayyukan shari'a suna samuwa ga waɗanda aka yi musu fataucin ta hanyar shafukan shari'a na yara guda shida waɗanda ma'aikatan Ma'aikatu na Harkokin Zamantakewa, Shari'a, da Lafiya suka gudanar; waɗanda aka yi musu fataucin za su iya shigar da kara a kan waɗanda ake zargin su yi musu fataucin a waɗannan shafukan. Ko da yake akwai aƙalla shafi ɗaya a kowane yanki da ma'aikatan gwamnati da lauyoyi ke gudanarwa, ba a buɗe su akai-akai ba kuma ba sa aiki a lokutan kasuwanci na yau da kullun; ba a san ko waɗannan shafukan sun ba da sabis na shari'a ga yaran da aka yi musu fataucin ba a cikin shekarar. Gwamnati tana ba wa waɗanda aka yi musu fataucin daga ƙasashen waje izinin zama na ɗan lokaci a madadin komawa gida nan take, amma ba a san cewa ta yi amfani da waɗannan tanade-tanaden ba a cikin 2009. Waɗanda aka yi musu fataucin ba a yawan ɗaure su ko kuma hukunta su saboda ayyukan da suka saba wa doka sakamakon fataucin. Wasu waɗanda abin ya shafa, duk da haka, an tsare su, an kama su, ko kuma an tsare su a cikin tsaro, kuma ba su sami wata hanya ta tura su ga cibiyoyin da ke ba da kulawa na ɗan gajeren ko dogon lokaci ba. Gwamnati ta ƙarfafa waɗanda abin ya shafa su taimaka wajen bincike da gurfanar da waɗanda suka yi musu fataucin, amma da yawa sun zaɓi kada su shiga cikin waɗannan ayyukan tsaro saboda tsoron ramuwar gayya daga masu fataucin ko kuma saboda ba su ɗauki masu laifin a matsayin masu laifi ba. Gwamnati ba ta ba da sabis ga waɗanda aka yi musu fataucin 'yan Kongo da aka dawo da su ba.

Rigakafi (2009)

Gwamnati ta ci gaba da ƙoƙarcenta da ta fara a 2008 na wayar da kan jama'a da kuma samun goyon baya don yaki da fataucin ɗan adam a yankunan Brazzaville da Pointe Noire. A cikin 2009, Ma'aikatar Lafiya (MOH), tare da haɗin gwiwar UNICEF, ta ƙaddamar da kamfen wayar da kan jama'a game da fataucin a Pointe Noire wanda ba kawai jami'an gwamnati ba ne suka shiga ciki, har ma da jami'an tsaro da diflomasiyya daga ofishin jakadancin ƙasashen maƙwabta da shugabannin al'ummomin Musulmi da Kirista na yankin. Masu shirya taron sun yi amfani da tutoci - mafi yawan hanyar talla - don jaddada cewa fataucin ɗan adam haramun ne kuma za a hukunta shi. A cikin Afrilu 2010, Ministan Harkokin Zamantakewa da Ayyukan Jin Kai ya shirya tare da UNICEF wani taro a Pointe Noire don haskaka matsalar fataucin yara. Har ila yau a lokacin rahoton, MOH, tare da goyon bayan UNICEF, ta fara aiwatar da Shirin Ayyuka na Ƙasa na 2009-2010. A ƙarƙashin wannan shirin, UNICEF ta horar da wakilan MOH don zama masu horarwa; waɗannan masu horarwa sun gabatar da tarurrukan horo na yaki da fataucin ga ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu. Gwamnati ba ta sa ido kan yanayin ƙaura don fataucin ba, kuma ba ta ɗauki matakan rage buƙatar ayyukan jima'i na kasuwanci ba a cikin 2009.

Karewa (2009)

Gwamnati ta ci gaba da kokarinta da aka fara a shekara ta 2008 don wayar da kan jama'a da samar da tallafi don yakar fataucin mutane a yankunan Brazzaville da Pointe Noire. A shekara ta 2009, ma'aikatar lafiya ta MDD (MOH) tare da hadin gwiwar UNICEF, sun kaddamar da wani gangamin wayar da kan jama'a kan yaki da safarar mutane a Pointe Noire, wanda ya hada da ba jami'an gwamnati kadai ba, har ma da jami'an tsaro da na diflomasiyya daga ofishin jakadancin kasashe makwabta da kuma shugabanni daga al'ummomin Musulmi da Kirista na gida. Masu shirya gasar sun yi amfani da banners - cibiyar talla ta gama gari - don jaddada batun cewa fataucin mutane ya sabawa doka kuma za a hukunta su. A cikin Afrilu 2010, Ministan Harkokin Jama'a da Ayyukan Jin kai ya shirya tare da UNICEF wani taro a Pointe Noire don bayyana matsalar fataucin yara. Har ila yau, a lokacin rahoton, MOH, tare da tallafi daga UNICEF, sun kuma fara aiwatar da shirin gwamnati na 2009-2010. A karkashin wannan shirin, UNICEF ta horar da wakilan MOH don yin aiki a matsayin masu horarwa; Sannan wadannan masu horarwa sun gabatar da bitar yaki da safarar mutane ga kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu na cikin gida. Gwamnati ba ta sanya ido kan tsarin ƙaura don fataucin ba, kuma ba ta ɗauki matakan rage buƙatar ayyukan jima'i na kasuwanci a cikin 2009 ba.