Cinikin mutane a Libya

Cinikin mutane a Libya
human trafficking by country or territory (en)
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na	safarar mutane
Ƙasa	Libya

Libya wata kasa ce da maza da mata daga yankin kudu da hamadar sahara da Asiya suke safararsu domin yin aikin tilas da kuma yin lalata da kasuwanci. Yayin da akasarin bakin haure a Libiya 'yan ci-rani ne na tattalin arziki, a wasu lokutan basussukan fasakwaurin da suka kai dalar Amurka 500 zuwa dala 2,000 da kuma matsayinsu ba bisa ka'ida ba na barin su cikin mawuyacin hali na tilastawa daban-daban, lamarin da ke haifar da karuwanci da tilastawa aiki .

Tun daga shekarar 2018, gwamnatoci da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya sun fara amincewa da ci gaba da take hakkin dan Adam da kuma gazawar da hukumomin Libya suka yi na magance matsalar.

Hujjoji

As of June 2008 and as in previous years, there had been isolated reports that women from sub-Saharan Africa were trafficked to Libya for the purposes of commercial sexual exploitation. Although precise figures were unavailable, foreign observers estimated in 2008 that about one to two percent of Libya's 1.5 to 2 million foreigners may be victims of trafficking. As of June 2008, the Government of Libya did not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking, but was making significant efforts to do so. The U.S. Department of State placed Libya on Tier 2 Watch List for its failure to provide evidence of increasing efforts to address trafficking in persons, particularly in the area of investigating and prosecuting human trafficking offenses. During 2007, Libya provided in-kind assistance to training programs designed to educate law enforcement and civil society groups about trafficking. The government appointed a national anti-trafficking coordinator responsible for protecting trafficking victims and punishing trafficking offenders. As in previous years, however, Libya did not publicly release any data on investigations or punishment of any trafficking offenses.

A shekara ta 2011, bakin haure da suke kokarin shiga Turai sun canza daga Sinai zuwa Libya: Jami'an tsaron Masar sun kori masu fataucinsu daga Sinai sannan bayan kawo karshen yakin basasar Libya na farko a shekara ta 2011, wanda ya hambarar da Muammar Gaddafi, Libya ta zama sabuwar makoma.

A cikin 2016, 'yar jarida mai daukar hoto Narciso Contreras, tare da taimakon kyautar Carmignac Photojournalism Award, ya dawo da hotunan 'yan cirani a wuraren da ake tsare da su a Libya . A wannan shekarar, 'yan jarida Meron Estefanos da Mirjam Van Reisen sun yi hira da 'yan gudun hijirar Eritriya da aka yi jigilar su zuwa Libya ta Sudan. Tattaunawar ta nuna cewa da yawa daga cikin masu fataucin sun yi garkuwa da wasu 'yan gudun hijira tare da azabtar da su. Bugu da ƙari, sun bayyana cewa ƙungiyar ISIS na Libya suna shiga cikin safarar mutane da kuma sace 'yan gudun hijira.

A cikin 2017, Fatou Bensouda, babbar mai gabatar da kara a kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta duniya, ta kira Libya "kasuwa" don fataucin bil adama, amma kawai an yi la'akari, ko bincika laifukan da suka shafi bakin haure a Libya.

A cikin 2022, masana sun nuna cewa fataucin zamani daga Afirka kudu da hamadar Sahara zuwa Libya na iya haifar da tsare-tsare daban-daban, kamar bautar bashi, aikin gidan yari, da yin garkuwa da su domin neman kudin fansa. Duk da yake irin waɗannan nau'ikan cin zarafi suna da dogon tarihi a yankin, an danganta su da manufofin ƙaura na danniya da tsarin mulki na jihohi da na jihohi na siyasa.

Laifi

Ya zuwa watan Yunin shekara ta 2008, Gwamnatin Libya ba ta ba da wani bayani na jama'a game da kokarin tilasta bin doka don azabtar da fataucin mutane ba, saboda dokokin Libya ba su hana fataucin don cin zarafin jima'i na kasuwanci ko aikin tilas ba. Gwamnati ta kasa samar da bayanai game da duk wani bincike na aikata laifuka, gurfanar da kara, yanke hukunci ko hukunci don laifukan fataucin mutane a wannan shekarar, kodayake manyan jami'ai sun lura a cikin shekarar cewa Libya ta gurfanar mutane saboda kwace fasfo na ma'aikatan kasashen waje har sai ma'aikatan sun biya wani abin da ake zargi da kuma babba 'bashin'. Cin Hanci da ya yadu a kasar na iya sauƙaƙa fataucin, amma gwamnati ba ta bayar da rahoton gurfanar, yanke hukunci, ko hukunta kowane jami' yanci don hadin gwiwa ba. Bugu da kari, Libya ta ba da taimako na musamman don horar da IOM na jami'an tilasta bin doka, gami da tsaron kan iyaka da kwastomomi, kan fataucin mutane.

A farkon shekarar 2020, an kama Kidane Zekarias Habtemariam a Habasha, kuma a watan Fabrairun 2021 ya yi nasarar tserewa bayan watanni na yunkurin cin hanci.

Kariya

Ya zuwa watan Yunin 2008 Libya ta dauki matakai kaɗan don inganta kariya ga wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane. Gwamnati ba ta samar da ayyukan kariya kamar taimakon tunani ko na shari'a ga wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane ba. Libya ta ba da tallafi ga shirin da ya horar da jami'an tsaro sama da 80 da masu fafutukar jama'a don taimakawa wadanda ke fama da fataucin lafiya. Da yake fahimtar cewa jami'an gwamnati da yawa har yanzu sun kasa rarrabe tsakanin wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane da ke buƙatar sabis na kariya da sauran baƙi, gwamnati ta ba da izinin kungiyoyin kasa da kasa su sami damar yin amfani da 'Yan Eritrea, Habasha, Somaliya, Sudanese, 'Yan Iraki don bincika shaidar fataucin. Duk da yake wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane sun kasance masu saukin azabtarwa saboda ayyukan da ba bisa ka'ida ba, kamar cin zarafin shige da fice da karuwanci, da aka aikata sakamakon fataucin su, a lokacin bayar da rahoto, babu rahotanni cewa an fitar da wadanda ke fama le fataucin. Gwamnatin Libya ba ta ƙarfafa wadanda abin ya shafa su shiga cikin bincike da gurfanar da su a kan masu fataucin su.

Rigakafi

Ya zuwa watan Yunin shekara ta 2008, Libya ba ta dauki wani mataki na musamman don hana fataucin mutane ba. Gwamnati ba ta gudanar da kamfen ɗin wayar da kan jama'a ba don nuna batun fataucin mutane. Har ila yau, Libya ba ta dauki wani mataki don rage bukatar ayyukan jima'i na kasuwanci ba. Hakazalika, Libya ba ta gudanar da wani kamfen na wayar da kan jama'a da ke da niyya ga 'yan ƙasa da ke tafiya zuwa sanannun wuraren yawon shakatawa na yara a kasashen waje.