Cire tururi na ƙasa

Cire tururi na ƙasa (SVE) tsari ne na jiki don magance abubuwan gurɓataccen yanayi a cikin ƙasa (marasa cikawa) (EPA, 2012). SVE (wanda kuma ake kira in situ soil venting ko vacuum extraction) ya dogara ne akan canja wurin gurɓataccen abu daga matakai masu ƙarfi (sanyawa) da ruwa (mai ruwa ko wanda ba ruwa ba) a cikin matakin gas, tare da tattara gurɓatawar matakin gas a rijiyoyin cirewa. Ana kula da gurɓataccen abu da aka cire a cikin yanayin gas (da duk wani matakin ruwa) a cikin tsarin sama. Ainihin, SVE shine Yankin vadose daidai da fasahar famfo da magani don gyaran ruwa. SVE yana da sauƙin kamuwa da gurɓataccen abu tare da mafi girman Dokar Henry, gami da kayan narkewa daban-daban da hydrocarbons. SVE ingantacciyar fasahar warkarwa ce^[1] kuma Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta Amurka (EPA) ta gano ta a matsayin magani mai yiwuwa.

Tsarin SVE

Fasahar gyaran tururi na ƙasa tana amfani da Masu hura iska da rijiyoyin cirewa don haifar da iskar gas ta hanyar ƙasa, tattara tururi mai gurbataccen ƙasa, wanda daga baya aka bi da shi a sama. Tsarin SVE na iya dogaro da iskar gas ta hanyar hanyoyin halitta ko kuma ana iya shigar da takamaiman rijiyoyi don iskar gas (tilasta ko na halitta). Cire iskar gas na ƙasa yana haifar da iskar gas a fadin shafin, yana ƙara ƙarfin canja wurin taro daga ruwa (ruwa na ƙasa), wanda ba ruwa ba (tsarkakewa), da kuma mai ƙarfi (ƙasa) a cikin yanayin gas. Iska da iska a fadin wani shafin shine mahimmanci, amma danshi na ƙasa da bambancin ƙasa (watau, cakuda kayan ƙarancin da masu girma) na iya haifar da karancin iskar gas a wasu yankuna. A wasu yanayi, kamar inganta sa ido na halitta, ana iya amfani da tsarin SVE mai wucewa wanda ya dogara da famfo na barometric.

SVE yana da fa'idodi da yawa a matsayin fasahar gyaran yankin vadose. Ana iya aiwatar da tsarin tare da ma'auni na ma'aunin ma'aikatar ma'aikalin (fure, kayan aiki, maganin tururi, da dai sauransu). Hakanan ana iya aiwatar da SVE tare da mafi ƙarancin rikice-rikice na shafin, da farko ya haɗa da shigar da rijiyar da ƙananan kayan aiki a sama. Dangane da yanayin gurɓataccen da ilimin ƙasa, SVE yana da damar magance manyan ƙasa a farashi mai kyau.

Gas na ƙasa (vapor) wanda tsarin SVE ke cirewa gabaɗaya yana buƙatar magani kafin a sake shi cikin muhalli. Maganin da ke sama da ƙasa shine da farko don rafin gas, kodayake dole ne a sarrafa kwantar da ruwa (kuma a wasu lokuta ana iya so shi musamman). Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban na magani don magani a sama kuma sun haɗa da lalacewar zafi (misali, kai tsaye wuta zafi oxidation, catalytic oxidizers), adsorption (misali., granular activated carbon, zeolits, polymers), biofiltration, lalacewar plasma ba tare da zafi ba, photolytic / photocatalytic lalacewar, membrane rabuwa, gas shawo, da tururi. Fasahar da aka fi amfani da ita a sama da ƙasa ita ce oxidation na zafi da granular activated carbon adsorption. Zaɓin takamaiman fasahar magani a sama ya dogara da gurɓataccen, maida hankali a cikin iskar gas, isar da kuma la'akari da tattalin arziki.

Tasirin SVE

Tasirin SVE, wato, yawan da kuma matakin cire taro, ya dogara da dalilai da yawa waɗanda ke tasiri ga canja wurin gurbataccen taro zuwa matakin gas. Tasirin SVE aiki ne na kaddarorin gurɓataccen abu (misali, Dokar Henry, matsin tururi, ma'Wurin tafasa, ma'anar adsorption), zafin jiki a cikin ƙasa, kaddarorin ƙasa na yankin vadose (misali., Girman hatsi na ƙasa, abun ciki na danshi na ƙasa, ƙarancin ƙasa, abun cikin carbon), bambancin ƙasa, da ƙarfin iska mai motsawa (aiki). A matsayin misali, adadi mai yawa na gurɓataccen mai saurin canzawa (kamar trichloroethene) a cikin yashi mai kama da juna tare da babban permeability da ƙananan abubuwan carbon (watau, ƙananan / adsorption) za a magance su da sauƙi tare da SVE. Sabanin haka, wani yanki na vadose daban-daban tare da ɗaya ko fiye da yadudduka na yumɓu dauke da sauran naphthalene zai buƙaci lokaci mai tsawo na magani da / ko haɓakar SVE. Batutuwan tasirin SVE sun haɗa da wutsiyar wutsiyar da sake dawowa, wanda ya haifar da yankunan da aka gurbata tare da ƙananan iska (watau, yankunan da ke da ƙarancin ruwa ko yankunan da ake da ruwa mai yawa) da / ko ƙananan motsi (ko adsorption mafi girma). Ayyukan da aka yi kwanan nan a shafukan Ma'aikatar Makamashi ta Amurka sun bincika sassan da ƙananan wuraren da ke cikin ƙasa da kuma yadda suke shafar ayyukan SVE.^[2]^[3]

Manazarta

↑ Khan, F.I.; Husain, T.; Hejazi, R. (2004). "An Overview and Analysis of Site Remediation Technologies". J. Environ. MGMT. 71 (2): 95–122. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2004.02.003. PMID 15135946.
↑ Switzer, C.; Kosson, D.S. (2007). "Soil Vapor Extraction Performance in Layered Vadose Zone Materials". Vadose Zone J. 6 (2): 397–405. Bibcode:2007VZJ.....6..397S. doi:10.2136/vzj2005.0131. S2CID 140600646.
↑ Oostrom, M.; Rockhold, M.L.; Thorne, P.D.; Truex, M.J.; Last, G.V.; Rohay, V.J. (2007). "Carbon Tetrachloride Flow and Transport in the Subsurface of the 216-Z-9 Trench at the Hanford Site". Vadose Zone J. 6 (4): 971–984. Bibcode:2007VZJ.....6..971O. doi:10.2136/vzj2006.0166. S2CID 129039393.

[1] Khan, F.I.; Husain, T.; Hejazi, R. (2004). "An Overview and Analysis of Site Remediation Technologies". J. Environ. MGMT. 71 (2): 95–122. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2004.02.003. PMID 15135946.

[switzer20072-2] Switzer, C.; Kosson, D.S. (2007). "Soil Vapor Extraction Performance in Layered Vadose Zone Materials". Vadose Zone J. 6 (2): 397–405. Bibcode:2007VZJ.....6..397S. doi:10.2136/vzj2005.0131. S2CID 140600646.

[3] Oostrom, M.; Rockhold, M.L.; Thorne, P.D.; Truex, M.J.; Last, G.V.; Rohay, V.J. (2007). "Carbon Tetrachloride Flow and Transport in the Subsurface of the 216-Z-9 Trench at the Hanford Site". Vadose Zone J. 6 (4): 971–984. Bibcode:2007VZJ.....6..971O. doi:10.2136/vzj2006.0166. S2CID 129039393.

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