Ciwon gini mara lafiya
| Ciwon gini mara lafiya | |
|---|---|
 | |
Description (en)  | |
| Iri | extrinsic allergic alveolitis (en) rare allergic respiratory disease (en) |
| Field of study (en) | Magungunan muhalli immunology (en) |
| Identifier (en) | |
| MeSH | D018877 |
| Disease Ontology ID | DOID:2710 |
Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) wani yanayi ne da mutane ke nuna alamun rashin lafiya ko kuma su kamu da rashin lafiya. daga ginin da suke aiki ko suke zaune.[1] A cikin wallafe-wallafen kimiyya, SBS kuma ana kiranta da rashin lafiyar da ke da alaƙa (BRI), alamun da ke da alaƙa da ginin (BRS), ko rashin haƙuri na muhalli na idiopathic (IEI).
Babban abin lura shine ƙara yawan koke-koke na irin waɗannan alamun kamar ciwon kai, ido, hanci, da haushi, gajiya, juwa, da tashin hankali. Kamus na Turanci na Oxford na 1989 ya fassara SBS ta wannan hanyar. Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta kirkiro wani littafi mai shafuka 484 kan ingancin iska a cikin gida a cikin 1984, lokacin da aka danganta SBS ga abubuwan da ba na kwayoyin halitta kawai ba, kuma ta ba da shawarar cewa littafin zai iya zama tushen doka ko shari'a.[2]
Barkewar cutar na iya zama ko a'a sakamakon rashin isasshiyar tsaftacewa ko rashin dacewa. Hakanan an yi amfani da SBS don bayyana damuwar ma'aikata a cikin gine-ginen bayan yaƙi tare da ƙarancin ginin iska, kayan gini, tsarin gini, da kiyayewa. Wasu alamomin suna ƙaruwa da tsanani tare da lokacin da mutane ke ɗauka a cikin ginin, yawanci suna inganta ko ma suna ɓacewa lokacin da mutane ba su da ginin. ana amfani da kalmar SBS tare da "alamomin da ke da alaƙa da ginin", wanda ke daidaita sunan yanayin da ke kewaye da alamun marasa lafiya maimakon ginin "marasa lafiya".
An yi ƙoƙari don haɗa ciwon ginin marasa lafiya zuwa wasu dalilai daban-daban, irin su gurɓatattun abubuwan da aka samar ta hanyar fitar da wasu kayan gini, mahaɗan kwayoyin halitta masu canzawa (VOC), iskar oxygen mara kyau (wanda wasu injinan ofis suka samar), masana'antun masana'antu masu haske da aka yi amfani da su a ciki, da rashin isasshen iska ko tacewa (duba "Ƙarfin ki)" An kuma danganta ciwon gini na rashin lafiya ga tsarin dumama, iska, da na'urorin sanyaya iska (HVAC), ra'ayi game da abin da aka samu rashin daidaito.[3]
Alamomi da alamomi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Fuskar dan Adam ga iskar iska yana da illoli iri-iri na kiwon lafiya.[7] Mazauna ginin gini suna kokawa game da bayyanar cututtuka irin su hangula na idanu, hanci, ko makogwaro; neurotoxic ko matsalolin kiwon lafiya na gaba ɗaya; haushin fata; halayen hypersensitivity marasa takamaiman; cututtuka masu yaduwa; da wari da jin daɗin jin daɗi. Rashin haske ya haifar da rashin lafiya gaba ɗaya.
Alveolitis na rashin lafiyar waje yana da alaƙa da kasancewar fungi da ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin iska mai iska na gidajen zama da ofisoshin kasuwanci. Wani bincike a cikin 2017 ya danganta cututtukan kumburi da yawa na tsarin numfashi tare da tabbataccen shaidar da ke haifar da lalacewa a cikin gidaje.
WHO ta rarraba alamun da aka ruwaito zuwa manyan nau'o'i, ciki har da ƙwayar mucous-membrane (ido, hanci, da makogwaro), abubuwan da ke haifar da neurotoxic (ciwon kai, gajiya, da fushi), ciwon asma da ciwon asma (ƙunƙarar ƙirji da hushi), bushewar fata da haushi, da kuma gunaguni na ciki.
Mazauna marasa lafiya da yawa na iya ba da rahoton alamun mutum ɗaya waɗanda ba su da alaƙa. Makullin ganowa shine haɓakar cututtuka gaba ɗaya tare da farawa ko ƙari a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, yawanci makonni. A mafi yawan lokuta, alamun SBS suna samun sauƙi ba da daɗewa ba bayan mazaunan sun bar wani ɗaki ko yanki na musamman. Duk da haka, ana iya samun sakamako na jinkiri na nau'o'in neurotoxins daban-daban, wanda bazai iya bayyana ba lokacin da mazaunin ya bar ginin. A wasu lokuta, ciki har da na mutane masu hankali, akwai tasirin kiwon lafiya na dogon lokaci.[4]
Dalili
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]ASHRAE ta gane cewa gurɓataccen iskar birni, wanda aka keɓance a cikin ƙimar ingancin iska ta Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta Amurka (EPA) a matsayin wanda ba za a yarda da shi ba, yana buƙatar shigar da jiyya kamar tacewa wanda masu aikin HVAC gabaɗaya suna amfani da matatun carbon-impregnated da abubuwan da suke so. Dabbobi daban-daban za su kara tsananta jikin mutum ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Wasu mutane sun fi rashin lafiyar ƙura, yayin da wasu kuma suna da damuwa da ƙura. Rashin isashshen iskar da iskar da iskar shaka zai iya kara yawan kananan matsaloli (kamar lalata gilashin fiberglass ko tururin girki) zuwa cikin matsala mafi tsanani na ingancin iska.
Kayayyakin gama gari irin su fenti, rufi, kumfa mai tsauri, allo, plywood, duct liners, sharar hayaki da sauran gurɓatattun sinadarai daga tushen gida ko waje, da gurɓatattun halittu na iya kama su a ciki ta tsarin HVAC. Yayin da ake sake yin amfani da wannan iskar ta hanyar amfani da fanka, gabaɗayan iskar oxygenation ɗin tana faɗuwa kuma ta zama mai cutarwa. Idan aka haɗu da wasu abubuwan damuwa kamar hayaniya ta hanya da rashin haske, mazaunan gine-ginen da ke cikin ƙazantar birane za su iya yin rashin lafiya da sauri yayin da garkuwar jikinsu ta cika.[5]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Sick Building Syndrome" (PDF). World Health Organization. n.d.
- ↑ Passarelli, Guiseppe Ryan (2009). "Sick building syndrome: An overview to raise awareness". Journal of Building Appraisal. 5: 55–66. doi:10.1057/jba.2009.20.
- ↑ Indoor Air Pollution: An Introduction for Health Professionals (PDF). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: Indoor Air Division (6609J). c. 2015
- ↑ Joshi, Sumedha M. (August 2008). "The sick building syndrome". Indian Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 12 (2): 61–64. doi:10.4103/0019-5278.43262. ISSN 0973-2284. PMC 2796751. PMID 20040980.
- ↑ Jafari, Mohammad Javad; Khajevandi, Ali Asghar; Mousavi Najarkola, Seyed Ali; Yekaninejad, Mir Saeed; Pourhoseingholi, Mohammad Amin; Omidi, Leila; Kalantary, Saba (2015-01-01). "Association of Sick Building Syndrome with Indoor Air Parameters". Tanaffos. 14 (1): 55–62. ISSN 1735-0344. PMC 4515331. PMID 26221153.