Claudia Felicitas na Austria

Claudia Felicitas na Austria
Rayuwa
Haihuwa	Innsbruck (mul) , 30 Mayu 1653
Mutuwa	Vienna, 8 ga Afirilu, 1676
Makwanci	Imperial Crypt (en)
Yanayin mutuwa	Sababi na ainihi (Tarin fuka)
Ƴan uwa
Mahaifi	Ferdinand Charles, Archduke of Austria
Mahaifiya	Anna de' Medici, Archduchess of Austria
Abokiyar zama	Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor (en)  (1673 -  1676)
Yara	view Maria Josefa von Habsburg (en) Anna Marie von Habsburg (en)
Yare	House of Habsburg (en)
Sana'a
Sana'a	aristocrat (en)

Claudia Felicitas na Austria (30 Mayu 1653 - 8 Afrilu 1676) ta kasance ta hanyar haihuwa Archduchess na Austria kuma ta hanyar aure Mai Tsarki Roman Empress, Sarauniya ta Jamus, Archduchesse consort na Austria, Sarauniya consort na Hungary da Bohemia a matsayin matar Leopold I ta biyu.

Wani memba na Order na Uku na Saint Dominic, tana da kyakkyawar muryar waka da kuma waƙoƙin da aka tsara, kuma tana son farauta. Claudia Felicitas tana da babban tasiri ga mijinta; godiya ga ita, an cire dukkan abokan adawarta na siyasa daga kotu. Ta kuma yi gwagwarmaya da cin zarafin tsarin zartarwa da shari'a. A lokacin aurenta na tsawon shekaru 3, ta haifi 'ya'ya biyu waɗanda suka mutu tun suna jariri; ta mutu bayan haihuwar Some sources described her as "a very beautiful girl, with a lively character and developed intellect". The princess grew up at court in Innsbruck, which thanks to her parents became one of the centers of European baroque art and music. She had an excellent singing voice, played various instruments and also composed music. However, the great enthusiasm of the princess was hunting; in the preserved portrait by Giovanni Maria Morandi, the 13-year-old Claudia Felicitas was depicted in the image of Diana, the ancient goddess of hunting. However, she didn't forget the customary pious activities, being a secular member of the Third Order of Saint Dominic. na biyu. Ofishin Tyrolean na Gidan Habsburg ya ƙare bayan mutuwarta.

Rayuwa

Shekaru na farko

An haifi Claudia Felicitas a Innsbruck a ranar 30 ga Mayu 1653. Ita ce ta farko kuma 'yar fari ta Ferdinand Charles, Archduke na Further Austria da Count na Tyrol, da matarsa da dan uwansa Anna de 'Medici. A gefen mahaifinta, kakanninta sune Leopold V, Archduke na Further Austria da matarsa Claudia de 'Medici (bayan haka ta sami sunanta na farko); a gefen mahaifiyarta, kakannin ta sune Cosimo II de 'Medicci, Grand Duke na Tuscany da matarsa Archduchess Maria Maddalena na Austria.

Iyayenta sun kasa samar da magaji namiji: bayan Claudia Felicitas, suna da wasu 'ya'ya mata biyu kawai, wanda ya mutu nan da nan bayan haihuwa (19 Yuli 1654) da Maria Magdalena (17 Agusta 1656 - 21 Janairu 1669). Bayan Archduke Ferdinand Charles ya mutu a shekara ta 1662, ɗan'uwansa Sigismund Francis ya gaje shi, wanda ya mutu shekaru uku bayan haka (1665), 'yan kwanaki bayan aurensa da Hedwig na Palatinate-Sulzbach. A sakamakon haka, Claudia Felicitas da ƙanwarta sun zama mambobi na ƙarshe na reshen Tyrolean na gidan Habsburg.

Some sources described her as "a very beautiful girl, with a lively character and developed intellect". The princess grew up at court in Innsbruck, which thanks to her parents became one of the centers of European baroque art and music. She had an excellent singing voice, played various instruments and also composed music. However, the great enthusiasm of the princess was hunting; in the preserved portrait by Giovanni Maria Morandi, the 13-year-old Claudia Felicitas was depicted in the image of Diana, the ancient goddess of hunting. However, she didn't forget the customary pious activities, being a secular member of the Third Order of Saint Dominic.

Aure da yara

Bayan mutuwar reshen Tyrolean na gidan Habsburg a cikin shekara ta 1665, Ci gaba da Austria da County na Tyrol sun kasance ƙarƙashin ikon kai tsaye na Sarkin sarakuna Leopold I. Anna de 'Medici ta yi ƙoƙari ta kare haƙƙin' ya'yanta mata. Rikici da kotun sarki ya ƙare ne kawai bayan auren 'yarta ta fari da sarki; bayan aurenta, Claudia Felicitas ta riƙe taken Countess na Tyrol .

Daga aurensa na farko da Infanta Margaret Theresa ta Spain, Leopold na haifi 'ya'ya maza hudu (ciki har da' ya'ya maza biyu), amma duk sai 'yarta ta fari, Archduchess Maria Antonia, ta mutu jim kadan bayan haihuwa. Shi ne na karshe daga cikin mazajen Habsburg, ban da sarki Charles na biyu na Spain, kuma saboda haka yana cikin matsanancin bukatar magajin namiji; don haka jim kadan bayan mutuwar matarsa ta farko (12 Maris 1673), an tilasta wa sarki (duk da baƙin cikinsa mai zurfi) ya fara neman sabuwar matar kuma ya zaɓi Claudia Felicitas, dan uwan na biyu (duka jikokin Charles na biyu, Archduke na Inner Austria ), wanda kuma zai iya kawo masa hakkokinta a kan Tyrol. Yarima, tare da yardar danginta, nan da nan ta amince da tayin, ta ƙi wasu masu neman sa'a, gami da gwauruwa James, Duke na York da Sarkin Ingila da Scotland na gaba.

Hoton Claudia Felicitas na Carlo Dolci, c. 1672-1675

Hoton da aka yi a matsayin Sarauniyar Romawa Mai Tsarki, 1673

Yayinda yake yabon matasan amaryarsa, kyawawan halaye, da kuma wayar da kan jama'a game da babban matsayi da ya nuna cewa ita ce Sarauniyar Romawa Mai Tsarki, Leopold I ya kara da cewa "ba kamar Margareta ɗaya ba" a cikin wasika a ranar 12 ga Yuli 1673, watanni uku kafin bikin auren da Claudia Felicitas ya faru. Ya yi imanin cewa za ta zama mahaifiyar mahaifiyarta mai kyau ga 'yarsa Maria Antonia daga aurensa na farko. Lalle ne, Claudia Felicitas nan da nan ta ji daɗin kyakkyawar dangantaka da 'yarta.

An yi auren wakili a Innsbruck, kuma amarya ta sami sadaki na guilders 30,000. Daga nan sai, tare da mahaifiyarta da ƙungiyar, suka yi tafiya zuwa Graz, inda aka shirya bikin auren hukuma. Ta hanyar umarnin sarki, Yarima Johann Seyfried von Eggenberg ne ke kula da bukukuwan. Sama da babban ƙofar a cikin sabon fadarsa da aka gina kuma mai ban sha'awa, inda ranar da ta gabata ta tsaya tare da magoya bayanta, ya ba da umarnin a rubuta rubutun a cikin Latin "Long live Empress Claudia!" (Latin: Ave Claudia Imperatrix). An gudanar da bikin ne a Cocin Graz a ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1673, kuma bukukuwan wannan taron sun dauki makonni biyu. A ranar 3 ga Nuwamba, ma'auratan Imperial sun tashi daga Graz zuwa Vienna.

An ce auren shekaru uku da rabi ya kasance mai farin ciki sosai, kuma a karkashin Claudia Felicitas an ruwaito tattalin arzikin kotu a mafi kyau. A lokacin da ta fara daukar ciki a shekara ta 1674, wani waka ya bayyana a Vienna yana kwatanta dangantakar kusa da ma'aurata na sarki, wanda aka rubuta a cikin gicciye bisa ga ka'idojin "Rösselsprung". Wataƙila ita ce rubuce-rubuce mafi tsufa na wannan nau'in kuma an karɓa sosai. Leopold ya ba da lada ga mawaki tare da ducat ga kowane sashi na waka.

A lokacin aurenta, Claudia Felicitas ta haifi 'ya'ya mata biyu, wadanda suka mutu tun suna yara:

• Anna Maria Josepha Theresia Antonia Dominica Xaveria Dorothea (11 Satumba 1674 - 22 Disamba 1674), Archduchess na Austria .
• Maria Josepha Clementina Anna Gabriella Antonia Franziska Dominica Theresia Eva Placidia (11 ga Oktoba 1675 - 11 ga Yuli 1676), Archduchess na Austria .

Sarauniyar Romawa Mai Tsarki da Sarauniyar Jamus

Duk da gazawar samar da magajin namiji da ake bukata, Claudia Felicitas ta ji daɗin aure mai farin ciki kuma tana da tasiri sosai a kan mijinta. Ta sami murabus da gudun hijira na Minista Václav Eusebius František, Yarima na Lobkowicz, wanda ke adawa da aurenta da sarki kuma ya goyi bayan zaɓin Countess Palatine Eleonor Magdalene na Neuburg a matsayin sabuwar matar Leopold I lokacin da ya zama gwauruwa; wannan kuma ra'ayi ne na Dowager Empress Eleonora Gonzaga (mahaifiyar Leopold I), kuma saboda haka ita da Claudia Felicitas ba su da kyakkyawar dangantaka. Sarauniyar ta ja hankalin cin zarafin mijinta da kotun sarki, musamman a cikin gwamnati da shari'a. Don wannan dalili, a cikin 1674 ya samar da wasan kwaikwayo tare da ma'anar da ta dace.

Mutuwa

Claudia Felicitas ba zato ba tsammani ta mutu daga tarin fuka a Vienna a ranar 8 ga Afrilu 1676, tana da shekaru 22, bayan haihuwar 'yarta ta biyu (kuma kawai ta tsira). An binne ta a cikin Cocin Dominican, kuma an sanya zuciyarta a cikin kwalba ta musamman kuma an sanya ta a cikin Imperial Crypt. Watanni uku bayan haka, 'yarta ta mutu, kuma a watan Satumba mahaifiyarta Dowager Countess of Tyrol ita ma ta mutu; an binne ta kusa da ita.

Leopold na yi fushi sosai da rasuwar matarsa ta biyu. Ya yi ritaya zuwa wani gidan ibada kusa da Vienna don ya yi makoki game da sabon gwauruwarsa, amma a watan Disamba na wannan shekarar saboda rashin magada maza an tilasta masa ya sake yin aure. Countess Palatine Eleonore Magdalene na Neuburg ta haifa masa 'ya'ya goma ciki har da sarakuna biyu na gaba, Joseph I da Charles VI.