Climate change in Eswatini

Climate change in Eswatini
	climate change by country or territory (en)
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na	canjin yanayi
Bangare na	Canjin yanayi a Afirka
Nahiya	Afirka
Ƙasa	Eswatini
Has cause (en)	Gandun daji, wildfire (en) da Gurɓacewa
Yana haddasa	zafi
Wuri
	26°29′00″S 31°26′00″E / 26.48333°S 31.43333°E

Eswatini, wata al'umma da ba ta da iyaka da ke Kudancin Afirka, tana da yanayin zafi wanda ke nuna lokacin zafi da zafi da kuma sanyi da hunturu.^[1] Kasar ta nuna damuwa game da tasirin Canjin yanayi a kan kalubalen zamantakewar da ke akwai, wanda ya haɗa da amma ba'a iyakance shi ga batutuwa kamar talauci ba, yaduwar cutar kanjamau, da rashin tsaro na abinci. Bugu da ƙari, ana tsammanin cewa canjin yanayi zai hana ci gaban ƙasar sosai, ta hanyar Vision 2022.^[1]

Rashin iskar gas

Binciken rage yawan GHG ya nuna cewa Eswatini ta fitar da tan miliyan 4.5 na iskar gas (GHG) (daidai da CO2) a cikin shekara ta 2017. Babban mai ba da gudummawa ga waɗannan hayaki shine bangaren makamashi, da aikin gona, gandun daji, da amfani da ƙasa, wanda ya kai kashi 39% da 56% na jimlar hayaki, bi da bi. Hanyoyin masana'antu da sharar gida suma sun kasance masu ba da gudummawa.^[2]

Fossil Carbon Dioxide (CO2) fitarwa daga Eswatini ^[3]
Shekara	Rashin halittu na CO2 fitarwa (tons) Rashin sauti	canji fitar da CO2	CO2 fitarwa ga kowane mutum	Yawan jama'a	Pop. canji	Kasuwancin CO2 na Duniya Rashin fitar da CO2
2016	657,572	2.61%	0.58	1,142,524	0.76%	0.00%
2015	640,832	0.82%	0.57	1,133,936	0.72%	0.00%
2014	635,623	3.98%	0.56	1,125,865	0.67%	0.00%
2013	611,291	0.19%	0.55	1,118,319	0.62%	0.00%
2012	610,106	0.59%	0.55	1,111,444	0.55%	0.00%
2011	606,518	4.59%	0.55	1,105,371	0.50%	0.00%
2010	579,907	6.57%	0.53	1,099,920	0.46%	0.00%
2009	544,172	1.08%	0.5	1,094,886	0.46%	0.00%
2008	538,345	3.46%	0.49	1,089,870	0.54%	0.00%
2007	520,331	5.05%	0.48	1,084,008	0.58%	0.00%
2006	495,335	7.54%	0.46	1,077,735	0.55%	0.00%
2005	460,612	4.71%	0.43	1,071,886	0.57%	0.00%
2004	439,907	1.83%	0.41	1,065,764	0.66%	0.00%
2003	431,987	3.10%	0.41	1,058,797	0.76%	0.00%
2002	418,997	0.84%	0.4	1,050,809	0.90%	0.00%
2001	415,511	11.85%	0.4	1,041,396	1.06%	0.00%
2000	371,474	55.86%	0.36	1,030,496	1.19%	0.00%
1999	238,336	27.56%	0.23	1,018,370	1.31%	0.00%
1998	186,841	0.69%	0.19	1,005,158	1.46%	0.00%
1997	185,556	13.03%	0.19	990,734	1.76%	0.00%
1996	164,161	-3.18%	0.17	973,587	2.10%	0.00%
1995	169,559	8.43%	0.18	953,573	-0.02%	0.00%
1994	156,370	-15.36%	0.16	953,737	0.03%	0.00%
1993	184,738	-5.71%	0.19	953,451	3.06%	0.00%
1992	195,934	-20.53%	0.21	925,165	3.98%	0.00%
1991	246,535	-0.70%	0.28	889,712	4.18%	0.00%
1990	248,264	-11.05%	0.29	854,011	3.40%	0.00%
1989	279,096	-13.93%	0.34	825,952	3.97%	0.00%
1988	324,267	-31.62%	0.41	794,434	4.71%	0.00%
1987	474,182	48.83%	0.63	758,669	3.91%	0.00%
1986	318,604	-3.36%	0.44	730,150	3.95%	0.00%
1985	329,670	38.99%	0.47	702,400	3.71%	0.00%
1984	237,182	-3.55%	0.35	677,303	3.33%	0.00%
1983	245,900	-35.26%	0.38	655,505	3.32%	0.00%
1982	379,828	-25.89%	0.6	634,439	2.96%	0.00%
1981	512,539	-3.37%	0.83	616,210	2.95%	0.00%
1980	530,394	-21.85%	0.89	598,564	3.36%	0.00%
1979	678,731	13.96%	1.17	579,091	3.37%	0.00%
1978	595,578	39.48%	1.06	560,236	3.30%	0.00%
1979	678,731	13.96%	1.17	579,091	3.37 %	0.00%
1980	530,394	-21.85%	0.89	598,564	3.36%	0.00%
1979	678,731	13.96%	1.17	579,091	3.37%	0.00%
1978	595,578	39.48%	1.06	560,236	3.30%	0.00%
1977	426,992	8.09%	0.79	542,328	3.21%	0.00%
1976	395,028	-19.82%	0.75	525,457	3.12%	0.00%
1975	492,688	-7.55%	0.97	509,535	3.01%	0.00%
1974	532,912	8.70%	1.08	494,624	2.90%	0.00%
1973	490,278	26.00%	1.02	480,668	2.81%	0.00%
1972	389,114	-13.54%	0.83	467,512	2.77%	0.00%
1971	450,072	0.04%	0.99	454,913	2.72%	0.00%

Yanayin yanayi

Matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a Swaziland ya bambanta daga kimanin 1,500 mm a arewacin Highveld zuwa 500 mm a kudancin lowland. Lokacin ruwan sama mafi yawa yana faruwa daga Nuwamba zuwa Fabrairu, daidai da lokacin da ya fi zafi a shekara. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na kowane wata ya kasance daga 15 ° C zuwa 23.4 ° C. A wannan lokacin, matsakaicin ruwan sama na kowane wata ya kasance daga 11.9 mm a watan Yuni zuwa 143.3 mm a watan Janairu. A sakamakon haka, kasar tana fuskantar matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara-shekara sama da 800 mm, bisa ga sabon yanayin yanayi daga 1991-2020^[1]

Tasirin canjin yanayi

Swaziland tana cikin yankin ruwan sama na rani na yankin, inda kusan kashi 80% na ruwan sama ke faruwa a lokacin watanni na rani, musamman daga Oktoba zuwa Maris. Har ila yau, yanayin yana fuskantar bambancin zafin jiki da hazo daga yamma zuwa gabas saboda raguwar tsawo na kusan ƙafa 4,000 a kan nisan kusan kilomita 80.^[4]

Sashen kiwon lafiya

Ana sa ran canjin yanayi zai shafi bangaren kiwon lafiya na Swaziland. Karin yanayin zafi na iya haifar da hauhawar cututtukan da ke yaduwa, wanda ke haifar da babbar barazana.^[5]^[6]^[7]

Rashin abinci da ruwa

Rashin ruwa mai tsanani ya sanya kashi 25% na yawan jama'a a Swaziland cikin rauni, suna fuskantar ƙalubalen abinci da rashin tsaro na ruwa. Wadannan sakamakon suna da alaƙa da tasirin canjin yanayi.^[1]

Gudanar da albarkatun ruwa

Ana sa ran canjin yanayi zai haifar da dumama da bushewa gaba ɗaya a Swaziland, wanda ke haifar da fari da ambaliyar ruwa. Shirye-shiryen daidaitawa suna mai da hankali kan sarrafa albarkatun ruwa don mayar da martani ga waɗannan canje-canje.^[8]

Manazarta

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 "World Bank Climate Change Knowledge Portal". climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-12-21.
↑ Gcina, Mavimbela; Nosiphiwo, Zwane; Mduduzi, Mathunjwa; Thembinkosi, Ndzimandze; Gugu, Vilakati (June 2021). "Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Assessment to Inform the update of Eswatini's Nationally Determined Contribution" (PDF). UN.
↑ "Switzerland: carbon dioxide emissions 1970-2022". Statista (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-12-21.
↑ "Swaziland: Facing climate change - Eswatini | ReliefWeb". reliefweb.int (in Turanci). 2007-07-20. Retrieved 2023-12-21.
↑ "Swaziland | UNDP Climate Change Adaptation". www.adaptation-undp.org (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-12-21.
↑ "Environmental burden of disease: Swaziland". www.who.int (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-12-21.
↑ Shongwe, Samuel S (2015). "National Report on Climate Change" (PDF). Swaziland's First National Communication to the UNFCCC.
↑ "Adapting Water Resource Management In Swaziland To Manage Expected Climate Change | UNDP Climate Change Adaptation". www.adaptation-undp.org (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 2023-12-21. Retrieved 2023-12-21.

[:0-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 "World Bank Climate Change Knowledge Portal". climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-12-21.

[2] Gcina, Mavimbela; Nosiphiwo, Zwane; Mduduzi, Mathunjwa; Thembinkosi, Ndzimandze; Gugu, Vilakati (June 2021). "Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Assessment to Inform the update of Eswatini's Nationally Determined Contribution" (PDF). UN.

[:1-3] "Switzerland: carbon dioxide emissions 1970-2022". Statista (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-12-21.

[:2-4] "Swaziland: Facing climate change - Eswatini | ReliefWeb". reliefweb.int (in Turanci). 2007-07-20. Retrieved 2023-12-21.

[5] "Swaziland | UNDP Climate Change Adaptation". www.adaptation-undp.org (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-12-21.

[6] "Environmental burden of disease: Swaziland". www.who.int (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-12-21.

[7] Shongwe, Samuel S (2015). "National Report on Climate Change" (PDF). Swaziland's First National Communication to the UNFCCC.

[8] "Adapting Water Resource Management In Swaziland To Manage Expected Climate Change | UNDP Climate Change Adaptation". www.adaptation-undp.org (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 2023-12-21. Retrieved 2023-12-21.

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