Common eagle ray
| Common eagle ray | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Conservation status | |
 CR (mul)  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata (mul)  |
| Class | Chondrichthyes (mul) |
| Order | Myliobatiformes (mul) |
| Dangi | Myliobatidae (mul) |
| Genus | Myliobatis (mul)
|
| jinsi | Myliobatis aquila Linnaeus, 1758
|
Rayuwar gaggafa ta yau da kullun ko bullray (Myliobatis aquila) nau'in kifi ne a cikin dangin Myliobatidae . Yana zaune a gabashin Tekun Atlantika (Teku na Arewa zuwa Afirka ta Kudu), Tekun Bahar Rum da kudu maso yammacin Tekun Indiya.
Bayyanawa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Hasken gaggafa na yau da kullun ya kai har zuwa 183 centimetres (6.0 ft) cm (6.0 a cikin jimlar tsawon [1] tare da faɗin faifai har zuwa 80 centimetres (2.6 ft) , kodayake yawancin samfurori sun fi karami. Mata suna girma sun fi maza girma.[2] Yankin baya yana da launin ruwan kasa ko baƙar fata yayin da ɓangaren ventral fari ne. Yana da faifan rhomboidal tare da manyan fuka-fukan pectoral guda biyu da ke nunawa a kowane gefe, da kuma fuka-fuka guda ɗaya.[1] Kunnen da ba shi da kyau yana da zagaye kuma wutsiya tana da tsawo kuma tana da laushi, tare da babban kashin baya a gindinta amma babu wutsiya. [1] [3] A matsakaici, maza suna da sassan kashin baya 72 kuma mata suna da sashi na kashin baya 66. Ƙarƙashin yana da kusan 70% na tsawon namiji da 65% na tsawon mace.[4] Tsakanin tsakiya na dorsal, wanda ya ƙunshi ƙwayoyin glandular da ake buƙata don allurar guba, ya shimfiɗa tare da 10-40% na wutsiya.[4][5] Yana da tashoshin fitarwa guda ɗaya ko biyu don guba.
Rarraba da mazaunin
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Wannan nau'in yana faruwa a gabashin Tekun Atlantika, gami da Tekun Arewa, daga Tsibirin Burtaniya zuwa Afirka ta Kudu, ya kai ga Tekun Indiya. Hakanan ana samunsa a cikin Bahar Rum. Yana faruwa a kusa da bakin teku da kuma ci gaba, a zurfin har zuwa kimanin 800 metres (2,600 ft) m (2,600 , amma yawancin lokacinsa ana ciyar da shi a cikin ruwa mai zurfi a ƙasa da 50 metres (160 ft) . Yawanci ya fi son wuraren yashi masu budewa. Har ila yau, an samo shi a cikin wani tafki mai rufewa a tsibirin Gran Canaria, musamman a cikin hunturu (Maris zuwa Afrilu) da rani (Agusta zuwa Oktoba), inda aka kafa shi don fi son duwatsu da haɗin gwiwa.[6]
Muhalli
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Abinci da abinci
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Benthic invertebrates sun zama wani muhimmin bangare na abincin gaggafa na yau da kullun.[2] Dabbobi galibi suna cin abinci a kan crustaceans da bivalve molluscs waɗanda suke tonowa daga ƙarƙashin teku. Sauran abubuwa a cikin abincinsa sun haɗa da tsutsotsi na polychaete, gastropod molluscs, alkalami na teku da ƙananan kifi. Manyan mutane suna cin kifi fiye da ƙananan mutane.[2] Maimakon samun hakora masu kaifi, yana da sanduna da faranti na hexagonal da aka shirya a cikin tsari na mosaic a kan yatsunsa; tare da waɗannan, yana murkushe harsashi na ganimarsa.
An gano Mollusks da kifi na teleost sune mafi mahimmancin kayan abinci ga mutanen da ke zaune a cikin Tekun Marmara, kodayake ana samun polychaetas da crustaceans akai-akai a cikin abubuwan da ke cikin ciki.[7] Calliostoma lusitanicum da Stramonita haemastoma sune nau'ikan dabbobi da aka fi sani da su a bakin tekun Azores.[8]
Haihuwa da ci gaba
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An san wannan nau'in don tarawa a cikin rukuni na mutane da yawa a lokacin haihuwa.[9] Haihuwa tana da oviviparous. Yaran yara uku zuwa bakwai suna tasowa a cikin mahaifiyar, suna karɓar abinci mai gina jiki da farko daga kwai, amma daga baya daga ruwan da mahaifiyarsu ta ɓoye a cikin mahaifa.[1] Lokacin daukar ciki yana da tsawon watanni 6-8, bayan haka mace tana haihuwar yara uku zuwa bakwai masu rai. An kama ƙananan yara a kusa da Faransa tsakanin Mayu da Satumba a bakin tekun Faransa. Har yanzu suna da alamar da ba a warke ba a ƙasa, wanda ke nuna cewa su jarirai ne. Wani binciken da aka gudanar a Afirka ta Kudu a 1983 ya sami yara a watan Nuwamba.[10] An kuma sami yara a tsibirin Gran Canaria a watan Oktoba.[6]
Ci gaban mata
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Matasa mata suna da fararen membranous ovaries da thread-like oviducts. Glandunan oviducal ba su da tabbas. Ƙananan manya suna da fararen translucent follicles da kuma rarrabewar al'aura. Glandunan oviducal suna da ɗan zagaye. Manya mata da aka kama a watan Janairu da Maris a bakin tekun Faransa an gano suna da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ovaries biyu. Uteri suna da kauri kuma suna da tsoka. Sun ƙunshi ruwan mahaifa, wanda mai yiwuwa an cire shi daga villi wanda ya rufe bango na ciki. Mata da aka kama a watan Agusta da Satumba a wannan yankin suna da tsakanin takwas zuwa goma yolky oocytes na irin wannan girman da taro. Dukkanin mahaifa sun fadada kuma suna dauke da ruwa na mahaifa. Villi sun bunkasa sosai kuma sun kafa trophonemata, wanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin ciki na stingray. An sami ƙwai da aka kewaye da diaphanous da kuma murfin mai launin rawaya wanda ya ragu zuwa ƙaramin filament a kowane ƙarshen a cikin mace da aka kama a watan Oktoba. Ovary ya ƙunshi atretic oocytes.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- 1 2 3 4 "Myliobatis aquila: Common eagle ray". FishBase. Retrieved 5 June 2016. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "FishBase" defined multiple times with different content. - 1 2 3 Christian, C. (1976-05-01). "Etude du regime alimentaire de l'Aigle de mer, Myliobatis aquila (L., 1758) des cotes tunisiennes". ICES Journal of Marine Science (in Turanci). 37 (1): 29–35. doi:10.1093/icesjms/37.1.29. ISSN 1054-3139. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":5" defined multiple times with different content. - ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs named ":0". - 1 2 Schwartz, Frank J (2005). "Tail spine characteristics of stingrays (order Myliobatiformes) found in the northeast Atlantic, Mediterranean, and Black Seas". Electronic Journal of Ichthyology. 1: 1–9.
- ↑ Maretic, Z. (1982-01-01). "Some clinical and epidemiological problems of venom poisoning today". Toxicon (in Turanci). 20 (1): 345–348. Bibcode:1982Txcn...20..345M. doi:10.1016/0041-0101(82)90241-0. ISSN 0041-0101. PMID 6123162.
- 1 2 Tuya, Fernando; Asensio, Maite; Navarro, Alberto (2020-05-01). ""Urbanite" rays and sharks: Presence, habitat use and population structure in an urban semi-enclosed lagoon". Regional Studies in Marine Science (in Turanci). 37. Bibcode:2020RSMS...3701342T. doi:10.1016/j.rsma.2020.101342. ISSN 2352-4855. S2CID 225914133.
|hdl-access=requires|hdl=(help) Cite error: Invalid<ref>tag; name ":4" defined multiple times with different content. - ↑ Gül, Güzin; Demirel, Nazli (2020). "Trophic interactions of uncommon batoid species in the Sea of Marmara". J. Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment. 26 (3): 294–309.
- ↑ Ponte, Dário Dinis Sousa; Barcelos, Luís Miguel Duarte; Santos, Cristina Sousa; Medeiros, João; Barreiros, João P. (2016). "Diet of Dasyatis pastinaca and Myliobatis aquila (Myliobatiformes) from the Azores, NE Atlantic". Cybium. 40 (3): 209–214. ISSN 0399-0974.
- ↑ Grancagnolo, Desiree; Arculeo, Marco (2021). "Summer aggregation of common eagle ray, Myliobatis aquila (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatidae), in the Marine Protected Area of the Egadi Islands (southwestern Tyrrhenian Sea)". Biogeographia: The Journal of Integrative Biogeography (in Turanci). 36. doi:10.21426/B636051230. ISSN 1594-7629. S2CID 234245830 Check
|s2cid=value (help).|hdl-access=requires|hdl=(help) - ↑ Buxton, C.D.; Smale, M.J.; Wallace, J.H.; Cockcroft, V.G. (1984-01-01). "Inshore small-mesh trawling survey of the Cape south coast. Part 4. Contributions to the biology of some teleostei and Chondrichthyes". South African Journal of Zoology. 19 (3): 180–188. doi:10.1080/02541858.1984.11447880. ISSN 0254-1858.