Constance Smedley
 Constance Smedley | |
|---|---|
| Rayuwa | |
| Haihuwa |
Handsworth (en)  , 20 ga Yuni, 1876 |
| ƙasa |
Birtaniya United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland |
| Mutuwa |
West Wycombe (mul) , 9 ga Maris, 1941 |
| Makwanci |
St Lawrence's Church, West Wycombe (en) |
| Ƴan uwa | |
| Abokiyar zama |
Maxwell Armfield (mul) |
| Karatu | |
| Makaranta |
Birmingham School of Art (mul) |
| Harsuna | Turanci |
| Sana'a | |
| Sana'a |
marubucin wasannin kwaykwayo, illustrator (en) , marubuci, Marubuci, short story writer (en) da humorist (en) |
Anne Constance Smedley (20 ga Yuni 1876 - 9 ga Maris 1941) 'yar Burtaniya ce mai zane, marubuciya, marubuciya kuma wacce ta kafa Ƙungiyar Ƙasa da Ƙasa ta Lyceum Clubs .
Rayuwa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haifi Smedley a Handsworth kusa da Birmingham a shekarar 1876. Iyayenta masu arziki da ilimi sun bar 'yarsu ta zama ɗaliba a Makarantar Fasaha ta Birmingham .[1] Smedley ta rayu da nakasa wadda ake kyautata zaton ta samo asali ne tun tana ƙarama. Duk da wasu nasarorin fasaha, sha'awarta ta koma ga rubuta wasannin kwaikwayo.
A shekarar 1909 ta auri mai zane Maxwell Armfield . Ita ce ɗan uwan farko ga abokinsa kuma abokin aikinsa William Smedley-Aston . [2]Kamar mutane da yawa waɗanda ke da alaƙa da Ƙungiyar Fasaha da Sana'o'i a Birmingham, sun zauna a Cotswolds . A ƙidayar jama'a ta 1911, dukkansu sun bayyana a matsayin mazauna Minchinhampton (Gloucestershire). Ma'auratan sun zama masu haɗin gwiwa: suna aiki tare don haɗa zane, zane, rubutu da wasan kwaikwayo. Smedley ta ƙarfafa mijinta ya zama mai son zaman lafiya da kuma Masanin Kimiyyar Kirista . Ta kuma yi tasiri mai ƙarfi ga ɗanta Joan Ellen Rayner wanda ya zo daga Ostiraliya don yin karatun zamantakewa a Ingila. Bayan ta haɗu da Smedley ta yanke shawarar yin karatun wasan kwaikwayo - wanda ya zama aikin rayuwarta (da 'yar'uwar Rayner). Smedley ta kafa Gidan Wasan Kwaikwayo na Greenleaf wanda sabuwar hanya ce ta yin wasan kwaikwayo. [3] A shekarar 1925 'yan'uwan Rayner sun zo daga Ostiraliya don koyo da aiki a gidan wasan kwaikwayo. [4]
Smedley marubuciya ce mai hazaka kuma ta ji kunya saboda kasancewarta mace a ƙungiyar marubutan ta. Ta kusanci ƙungiyar da goyon bayan Christina Gowans Whyte, Elsa Hahn, Violet Alcock, da kuma 'yar Amurka, Jessie Trimble . [4] Smedley had founded the Greenleaf Theatre which was a new approach to acting.[5] Ta gabatar da sauye-sauye ga ƙungiyar amma an ƙi ra'ayoyinta. Ta fahimci cewa mata suna buƙatar ƙungiya mai daraja wadda ke ba da kyakkyawan karimci. Mata masu sha'awar aiki suna buƙatar wurin da za su iya nishadantar da mutane ba tare da sun gayyaci mutane zuwa gidajensu ba. Ta kafa kwamiti kuma duk da rubuta wa marubuta 60 wasiƙa, sun sami ƙarin magoya baya biyu kawai. Mahaifin Smedley ya yi tayin ba da kuɗi ga gidan rawa idan za ta iya samun membobi 1,000.
Jessie Trimble ta gabatar da shawarar cewa a kira sabuwar ƙungiyar Lyceum Club kuma sabon kwamitin ya shirya Smedley ya gana da Lady Frances Balfour . A yanzu kwamitin ya yanke shawarar faɗaɗa hanyar sadarwarsa ga sabbin membobi, tun daga marubuta zuwa ƙwararru mata, har ma da 'ya'ya mata ko matan manyan maza. Balfour ya amince ya jagoranci sabuwar ƙungiyar kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaba na tsawon shekaru 15.
Ta sanya talla a cikin "Littafin Shekarar Mata na Turanci". Smedley ta zama wacce ta kafa Ƙungiyar Ƙasa da Ƙasa ta Lyceum Clubs. Gidan kulab ɗin yana da lamba 128 Piccadilly inda akwai wani gidan zane-zane kuma a nan kulob ɗin ba wai kawai ya ba da ƙungiyar Gentleman's Club ga mata ba, har ma da shawarwari kan ayyukan mambobi da kuma gabatarwa ga wasu ƙungiyoyin da suka bunƙasa a faɗin duniya.
Daga shekarar 1915 ma'auratan sun yi shekaru bakwai a Amurka.
Smedley ya mutu a Yammacin Wycombe, kuma an binne shi a cikin cocin St Lawrence .
Gado
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Akwai wani zanenta da mijinta ya yi a shekarar 1906.
A shekarar 2010, 'yan wasan Stroud Theatre sun yi wani wasan kwaikwayo da ya dogara da rayuwar Smedley mai taken "The Amazing and Preposterous Constance Smedley" a Cheltenham.
Ayyuka
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Constance Smedley (1899) Mrs Jordan (wasan kwaikwayo ɗaya)
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "A World Fellowship": The Founding of the International Lyceum Club for Women Artists and Writers, Grace Brockington, Academia.edu, Retrieved 21 June 2016
- ↑ Chilvers, Ian, ed. (1998). "Armfield, Maxwell". A Dictionary of Twentieth-Century Art. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-923966-5. Retrieved 17 December 2008.
- ↑ Smedley, Constance (July 1922). "The Greenleaf Theatre". The English Review: 58–60. ProQuest 2425146.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Brown, Nicholas, "Joan Ellen Rayner (1900–1999)", Australian Dictionary of Biography (in Turanci), Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, retrieved 2024-03-04
- ↑ Smedley, Constance (July 1922). "The Greenleaf Theatre". The English Review: 58–60. ProQuest 2425146.