Cutar hanyar numfashi ta sama
Cutar hanyar numfashi ta sama (URTI) cuta ce da ke haifar da kamuwa da cuta mai tsanani, wanda ya shafi hanyar numfashi na sama, gami da hanci, sinuses, pharynx, larynx ko trachea. Wannan yawanci ya haɗa da toshewar hanci, ciwon makogwaro, tonsillitis, laryngitis, faringitis, sinusitis, otitis media, da sanyi na yau da kullun. : 28 Yawancin kamuwa da cuta suna da kwayar cuta a yanayi, kuma a wasu lokuta, dalilin shine kwayar cutaa. URTIs kuma na iya zama fungal ko helminthic a asali, amma waɗannan ba su da yawa. : 443–445 :443–445
Rarraba
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ana iya rarraba URTI ta yankin da ya kumbura. Rhinosinusitis ko sinusitis yana shafar hanci da sinuses na paranasal, gami da na gaba, ethmoid, maxillary, da sphenoid sinuses.[1] Pharyngitis yana nufin kumburi na pharynx da / ko tonsils. Hakazalika, epiglottitis yana kumburi da ƙwayoyin da ke kewaye da su.[1] Laryngitis yana shafar larynx da murya.
Alamomi da alamomi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
URTIs yawanci suna tare da tari alamomi, gami da tari, ciwon makogwaro, hanci mai laushi, ƙuntatawa na hanci, ciwon kai, zazzabi mai ƙarancin ƙarfi, matsin fuska, da kuma sneezing. Bayanan farko galibi sun haɗa da ciwon makogwaro, sneezing, da Rashin lafiya, wanda zai iya ingantawa cikin kwanaki da yawa. Yayin da cutar ke ci gaba, alamun fitar da hanci da tari na iya bayyana.[2]
Launi ko canje-canje na daidaito a cikin fitarwa zuwa rawaya, kauri, ko kore sune hanyar halitta ta URTI. Yawancin alamun suna warwarewa a cikin kwanaki 7-10; duk da haka, tari na iya ci gaba da makonni da yawa a wasu mutane.[3]
Rukunin A beta-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis / tonsillitis (strep throat) yawanci yana gabatar da farawar gaggawa na ciwon makogwaro, ciwo tare da haɗiyewa, da zazzabi. Ba a yawan danganta shi da tari da kumburi da kumburi na hanci.[4]
Dalilin da ya sa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Yawancin URTIs suna da asali na kwayar cuta; duk da haka, wasu gabatarwa na iya haifar da kwayoyin cuta.
Kwayoyin cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta na yau da kullun sun haɗa da rhinovirus, adenovirus, Kwayar cutar mura, parainfluenza, kyanda, kwayar cuta ta numfashi (RSV), kwayar cutar metapneumovirus ta mutum (HMPV), da kuma coronaviruses kamar SARS-CoV . [5]
Yaduwar URTIs na kwayar cuta tana faruwa ta hanyar ɗigon numfashi, ƙwayoyin iska, ko hulɗa kai tsaye tare da wuraren da aka gurbata. Hanyoyin watsawa na iya shafar wasu masu canji kamar muhalli, cunkoso, da abubuwan da suka shafi.[5]
Har zuwa 15% na cututtukan pharyngitis masu tsanani na iya haifar da kwayoyin cuta, galibi Streptococcus pyogenes, rukuni A streptococcus a cikin streptococcoccal pharyngiti ("kirtani"). [1] Sauran abubuwan da ke haifar da ƙwayoyin cuta sun haɗa da ƙungiyoyin C da G beta-hemolytic streptococci da Corynebacterium diphtheriae. . [2] Cututtukan da ake samu ta hanyar jima'i sun fito ne a matsayin abubuwan da ke haifar da cututtukan baki da pharyngeal.[3]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- 1 2 Cite error: Invalid
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<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs named ":2". - ↑ PMC, Europe. "Europe PMC". europepmc.org (in Turanci). Retrieved 2026-02-28.
- ↑ DeGeorge, Katharine C.; Ring, Daniel J.; Dalrymple, Sarah N. (2019-09-01). "Treatment of the Common Cold". American Family Physician (in Turanci). 100 (5): 281–289.
- 1 2 Kutter, Jasmin S; Spronken, Monique I; Fraaij, Pieter L; Fouchier, Ron AM; Herfst, Sander (2018-02-01). "Transmission routes of respiratory viruses among humans". Current Opinion in Virology. Emerging viruses: intraspecies transmission • Viral Immunology. 28: 142–151. Bibcode:2018COVir..28..142K. doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2018.01.001. ISSN 1879-6257. PMC 7102683. PMID 29452994.