Cututtukan da ba daidai ba ne

Cututtukan da ba daidai ba ne

Cututtukan polymerization, ko kuma kawai DAPs, wani nau'i ne na rikice-rikice wanda ke nuna sabon canji a cikin sunadarai na asali wanda ke haifar da tsari tare da yiwuwar pathogenic. Wannan canjin aiki a cikin furotin dangane da kayan aikinsa na thermodynamic da kinetic yana haifar da amsawar sarkar da aka tsawaita tsakanin sunadarai makwabta har sai an kafa tsarin polymerized mai yawa kuma mai cutarwa. Saboda wannan tsari na kasashen waje, waɗannan cututtukan galibi ba za a iya magance su ba kuma suna da tsanani sosai a bayyanar asibiti. Kodayake DAPs cututtuka ne masu ban sha'awa, mummunan sakamako a cikin marasa lafiya da buƙatar ƙarin fahimta ya sa wannan nau'in cututtukan ya zama ginshiƙi don bincike na gaba.

Kaddamarwa ta hanyar daukar ma'aikata

An ce cututtukan da ba daidai ba ne suna fuskantar "sakewa", ko kuma yawan sunadarai da aka yi amfani da su don ƙaruwa gabaɗaya kamar yadda yake a cikin yanayin kamuwa da cuta. Tunda "pathogens" masu aiki na DAPs sunadarai ne cututtukan kusan gaba ɗaya ne masu zaman kansu daga amfani da nucleic acid. Akwai samfuran da yawa da ke kwatanta wannan aikin daukar ma'aikata, gami da furotin PrP a cikin Cutar prion. PrP furotin shine babban wakili a cikin spongiform encephalopathies kuma yana fuskantar tsari mai kyau na polymerization bisa ga daidaitattun yanayi na jihohin thermodynamic da jimlar kinetic. Kamar yawancin sunadarai PrP na iya kasancewa a cikin nau'o'i biyu, babban da ƙarami ɗaya, Tsarin alpha helix da tsarin takarda mai laushi na beta bi da bi, waɗanda suke daidaitawa a kusan dukkanin yanayi, amma tare da rinjaye da aka ba da shi ga tsarin helix mai ɗorewa. A wasu lokuta, yana yiwuwa ga siffofin beta guda biyu su tuntubi juna a lokaci guda, kuma a wannan yanayin ma'aurata na iya samar da haɗin da ke samun nasarar daidaita siffofin beta ta hanyar thermodynamically kuma suna ba da damar waɗannan tsarin su kasance. Wannan ana kiransa "tsuntsu" na polymerization kamar yadda daga wannan batu ci gaba da hulɗa, ko daukar ma'aikata, tsakanin siffofin beta yana ƙaruwa koyaushe, tunda akwai kasancewar siffofin beta masu ɗorewa, da kuma gaskiyar cewa siffofin beta, ko takardun beta-pleated, suna da yawan wuraren nucleation masu amsawa. Wannan ci gaba yana samar da Fibrils a hankali a tsawon lokaci wanda zai haifar da cytopathology na gida, wanda ke haifar da wuraren da ke tattare da lalacewar sel ko "sponginess". Wannan samfurin na gabaɗaya na ɗaukar ma'aikata yana da halayyar yanayin ƙwayoyin cuta wanda ƙwayoyin jini suka lalace saboda samar da fibrils na polymer.[1][2]

Yanayi don haifar da cututtuka

Ci gaban kai tsaye

Ana iya samar da ADPs a cikin yanayi na kai tsaye ta hanyar kasancewar jihohin thermodynamic da yawa da kuma daidaituwa tsakanin alpha helix da beta-pleated sheets polymerizing cikin Fibrils mai tsawo.

Halin kwayar halitta

A wasu ADPs, kamar Gerstmann-Straussler ko mummunan Rashin barci na iyali, mutane suna tsara wani nau'in furotin na PrP wanda ke canza daidaituwa dan kadan don yin nau'in beta mafi kyau, don haka yana ƙara yiwuwar ƙarin nucleation da faɗaɗa polymerization.

Halin kamuwa da cuta

Yawancin ADPs, gami da Cutar Creutzfeldt-Jakob da Kuru, suna da yanayin kamuwa da cuta kuma ana iya watsa su ga wasu rundunonin ta hanyoyi daban-daban. A game da Kuru, al'adun iyali da al'adu a cikin 'yan asalin Papua New Guinea suna inganta amfani da jikin dangi a kan mutuwa, kuma idan an gurbata shi, wanda ke haifar da watsa asalin "tsuntsu" na polymerization.

Misalan

• Cutar Prion (Kuru, CJD, GSS, BSE)
• Cutar Alzheimer
• Rashin jini na ƙwayoyin cuta
• Cutar Parkinson
• Cutar Huntington

Dubi kuma

• Proteinopathy