Cututtukan da gurɓatar yanayi ke haifarwa
 Cututtukan da gurɓatar yanayi ke haifarwa | |
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Cututtuka da gurbatar yanayi ke haifarwa, suna haifar da rashin lafiya na yau da kullun da mutuwar kusan mutane miliyan 8.4 kowace shekara.[1] Koyaya, gurɓataccen abu yana karɓar ɗan ƙaramin abin sha'awa daga al'ummar duniya. Wannan wani bangare ne saboda gurbatar yanayi yana haifar da cututtuka da yawa wanda sau da yawa yana da wuya a iya daidaita layi tsakanin sanadi da Kuma sakamako.
Akwai nau'ikan cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da ƙazanta da yawa, Duk waɗanda suka haɗa da waɗanda gurɓataccen iska, gurɓataccen ƙasa, gurɓataccen ruwa da rashin ruwa, tsafta da tsafta (WASH) . Ana iya rage gurɓacewar iska.[2]
Cututtukan muhalli da cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da gurbatar yanayi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Cututtukan muhalli sakamako ne kai tsaye daga muhalli. Wannan ya haɗa da cututtuka da ke haifar da shaye-shaye, fallasa ga sinadarai masu guba, da abubuwan jiki a cikin muhalli, kamar UV radiation daga rana, da kuma tsinkayen kwayoyin halitta. Sannan A halin yanzu, cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da gurɓatawa ana danganta su da kamuwa da guba a cikin iska, ruwa, da ƙasa. Don haka, duk cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da gurɓataccen yanayi cututtukan muhalli ne, amma ba duk cututtukan muhalli ba ne cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da gurɓatawa.[3]
Cututtukan gurbacewar iska[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
A cewar Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO), gurbacewar iska na da nasaba da mutuwar mutane kusan miliyan 7 da wuri. Anan ne takaitattun cututtuka da gurbatar iska ke haifarwa:[4]
Gurbacewar iska a waje[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- 40% - cututtukan zuciya na ischemic
- 40% - bugun jini
- 11% - cututtuka na huhu na kullum
- 6% - ciwon huhu
- 3% - m ƙananan cututtuka na numfashi a cikin yara[5]
Gurbacewar ruwa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
A cewar Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka (CDC): “ Cututtukan ruwa suna haifar da cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda za a iya yada su kai tsaye ta gurɓataccen ruwa. Sannan Yawancin cututtukan da ke haifar da ruwa suna haifar da ciwon gudawa [A kula: ba duk cututtukan da aka lissafa a ƙasa ke haifar da gudawa ba]. Kashi tamanin da takwas na masu fama da gudawa a duniya suna da alaƙa da rashin tsaftataccen ruwan sha, rashin isasshen tsafta ko rashin tsafta . Wadannan lokuta Kuma suna haifar da mutuwar mutane miliyan 1.5 a kowace shekara, yawanci a cikin yara ƙanana. Dalilin mutuwar da aka saba shine rashin ruwa. Galibin cututtukan gudawa da mace-mace na faruwa a kasashe masu tasowa saboda rashin tsaftataccen ruwa, rashin tsafta, Duk da rashin tsafta. Sauran cututtuka na ruwa ba sa haifar da gudawa; a maimakon haka wadannan cututtuka na iya haifar da rashin abinci mai gina jiki, da ciwon fata, da kuma lalata gabobi.
Cututtukan ruwa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- Amoebiasis
- Buruli ulcer
- Campylobacter
- Kwalara
- Cryptosporidiosis
- Cyclosporiasis
- Dracunculiasis (cutar guinea-worm)
- Escherichia coli
- Fascioliasis
- Giardiasis
- Ciwon Hanta
- Leptospirosis
- Norovirus
- Rotavirus
- Salmonella
- Schistosomiasis
- Shigellosis
- Zazzabin Typhoid
Cututtuka masu nasaba da rashin tsafta da tsafta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- Dermatophytosis (ringworm)
- Lymphatic filariasis
- Scabies
- helminthiasis ana daukarsa ƙasa
- Trachoma[6]
Cututtukan da ke haifar da vector[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- Arboviral encephalitis
- Zazzabin Dengue
- Zazzabin cizon sauro
- Onchocerciasis
- Rift Valley zazzabi
- Zazzabin rawaya
Guba[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Jagoranci[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Tushen gubar gubar / gurɓatawar sun haɗa da hakar ma'adinai, narkewa, masana'anta da ayyukan sake yin amfani da su.
- Cutar cututtukan zuciya
- Cerebrovascular cuta
- Ciwon koda
- Hemorrhagic bugun jini
- Cutar hawan jini
- Ischemic cututtukan zuciya
- Ischemic bugun jini
- Rashin lafiyar jijiyoyi[7]
Arsenic[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Arsenic wani abu ne da ke faruwa a zahiri kuma ana iya samun shi a cikin abinci, ruwa, ko iska. Akwai kuma tushen masana'antu na arsenic, gami da hakar ma'adinai da narkewa. “Mutane suna fuskantar hauhawar adadin sinadarin arsenic na inorganic ta hanyar shan gurbataccen ruwa, Kuma yin amfani da gurbataccen ruwa wajen shirya abinci da ban ruwa na amfanin gona, hanyoyin masana’antu, cin gurbataccen abinci da shan taba. Tsawon dogon lokaci ga arsenic inorganic ... na iya haifar da guba na arsenic na kullum. Sanna kuma Raunin fata da ciwon daji na fata sune mafi yawan halayen halayen."
- Arsenicosis
- Ciwon daji (huhu, mafitsara, da fata)
- Cutar cututtukan zuciya
- Ciwon koda na yau da kullun
- Lalacewar dabi'ar jijiya
Mercury[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- Acrodynia
- Arthritis
- Cerebellar ataxia
- Dysarthria
- Koda da rashin aiki na autoimmune
- Minamata cuta
- Lalacewar jijiyoyi
- Rashin numfashi[8]
Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- ↑ Leahy, Stephen (June 13, 2014). "In Developing World, Pollution Kills More Than Disease" – via IPS News.
- ↑ https://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/wash_diseases.html
- ↑ https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs379/en/
- ↑ "7 million premature deaths annually linked to air pollution". World Health Organization (WHO). March 25, 2014. Archived from the original on March 26, 2014.
- ↑ http://www.worstpolluted.org/projects_reports/display/127
- ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8216578
- ↑ https://doi.org/10.5696%2F2156-9614-8.19.180905
- ↑ https://doi.org/10.5696%2F2156-9614-8.19.180905