Dangantakar Ming da Tibet

 

Dangantakar Ming da Tibet
alakar kasashen biyu da aspect of history (en)

Daular Ming ta dauki Tibet a matsayin wani ɓangare, na Yammacin Yamma. Duk da yake daular Ming a tsayinta tana da wani matsayi na tasiri a Tibet, ainihin yanayin dangantakarsu yana cikin jayayya daga malaman zamani. Binciken dangantakar ya kara rikitarwa ta hanyar rikice-rikicen siyasa na zamani da kuma amfani da ikon mallakar Westphalian zuwa lokacin da ra'ayin bai wanzu ba. The Historical Status of China's Tibet, wani littafi da Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin ta buga, ya tabbatar da cewa daular Ming tana da ikon mallaka Tibet ba tare da wata tambaya ba ta hanyar nuna cewa kotun Ming ta ba da lakabi daban-daban ga shugabannin Tibet, cikakken yarda da lakabi na Tibet, da kuma tsarin sabuntawa ga magajin waɗannan lakabi wanda ya haɗa da tafiya zuwa babban birnin Ming. Masana a kasar Sin suma suna jayayya cewa Tibet ta kasance wani bangare ne na kasar Sin tun daga karni na 13 don haka wani bangare na Daular Ming ne. Koyaya, yawancin malamai a waje da China, kamar Turrell V. Wylie, Melvyn C. Goldstein, da Helmut Hoffman, sun ce dangantakar tana ɗaya daga cikin suzerainty, lakabin Ming sun kasance suna kawai, Tibet ya kasance yanki mai zaman kansa a waje da ikon Ming, kuma kawai aka biya haraji har sai Sarkin sarakuna Jiajing, wanda ya dakatar da dangantaka da Tibet.

Wasu malamai sun lura cewa shugabannin Tibet a lokacin Ming sau da yawa suna shiga yakin basasa kuma suna gudanar da nasu diflomasiyyar kasashen waje tare da jihohin makwabta kamar Nepal. Wasu malamai sun jaddada bangaren kasuwanci na dangantakar Ming-Tibetan, suna lura da karancin dawakai na daular Ming don yaƙi kuma ta haka ne muhimmancin cinikin dawakai tare da Tibet. Wasu suna jayayya cewa muhimmiyar yanayin addini na dangantakar kotun Ming da lamas na Tibet ba ta da wakilci a cikin ilimin zamani.

Da fatan farfado da dangantakar ta musamman a lokacin Daular Yuan, da kuma babban malaminsa na ruhaniya Drogön Chögyal Phagpa na makarantar Sakya ta addinin Buddha na Tibet, Sarkin sarakuna Yongle ya yi ƙoƙari don gina haɗin gwiwa na duniya da addini tare da Karmapa_Lama" id="mwHw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Deshin Shekpa, 5th Karmapa Lama">Deshin Shekpa, Karmapa na makarantar Karma Kagyu. Koyaya, yunkurin Yongle Emperor bai yi nasara ba.