Daniel Chipenda
 Daniel Chipenda | |||||||||||||||||||
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1989 - unknown value | |||||||||||||||||||
| Rayuwa | |||||||||||||||||||
| Haihuwa | Lobito, 15 Mayu 1931 | ||||||||||||||||||
| ƙasa | Angola | ||||||||||||||||||
| Ƙabila | Ovimbundu people (en)  | ||||||||||||||||||
| Mutuwa | Cascais (mul) , 28 ga Faburairu, 1996 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Karatu | |||||||||||||||||||
| Makaranta | Universidade de Coimbra (mul) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Sana'a | |||||||||||||||||||
| Sana'a | ɗan siyasa, revolutionary (en) , Mai wanzar da zaman lafiya da soja | ||||||||||||||||||
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| Imani | |||||||||||||||||||
| Jam'iyar siyasa | MPLA | ||||||||||||||||||
Daniel Chipenda (15 ga Mayu 1931, Lobito - 28 ga Fabrairu 1996) ɗan juyin juya hali[1] ne na Angola wanda ya yi yaƙi a Yaƙin samun 'yancin kai na Angolan, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin kwamandan fage na ƙungiyar Jama'ar neman 'Yancin Angola (MPLA) a Gabashin Gabas kafin kafa da jagorantar Tawayen Gabas, ƙungiya ce ta MPLA. Daga baya ya shiga jam'iyyar National Liberation Front of Angola (FNLA),[2] amma ya fita, ya koma MPLA, ya sake fita a watan Yuli 1992.[3]
Chipenda, a lokacin memba ne na MPLA, ya kafa ƙungiyar Eastern Front, wanda ya faɗaɗa karfin MPLA, a watan Mayu 1966.[4] Lokacin da EF ta rushe, Chipenda da shugaban MPLA Agostinho Neto kowannensu ya zargi ɗaya daga cikin su. A shekara ta 1972 Tarayyar Soviet ta haɗa kai da ƙungiyar Chipenda, ta ba shi taimako. Bayan Juyin Juya Halin Carnation a Portugal a shekara ta 1974, Joaquim Pinto de Andrade, Shugaban MPLA, ya shirya taron MPLA a Lusaka. Neto da Chipenda sun halarci taron tare da wakilai 165 bi da bi kuma ƙungiyar Mário Pinto de Andrade ta Active Revolt tana da wakilai 70. Bayan kwanaki da yawa na tattaunawa ƙungiyar Neto ta bar majalisa, don haka MPLA ta kasance ta rabu zuwa ƙungiyoyi uku.[5] Chipenda ya bar MPLA, kodayake ya bar ta kafin juyin mulkin a Portugal,[6] inda ya kafa Eastern Revolt tare da 1,500 tsoffin mabiyan MPLA. Ya yi tsayayya da jagorancin MPLA wanda ya zarge shi da kasancewa "Creole" kuma yana da hankali ga Tarayyar Soviet, duk da goyon bayanta.[7]
A cikin shekarar 1973 gwamnatin Tarayyar Soviet ta gayyaci Neto zuwa Moscow kuma ta gaya masa Chipenda yana shirin kashe shi. USSR ta dawo da taimako ga MPLA, Neto kuma mai ƙarfi a cikin shekarar 1974. A watan Satumba Chipenda ya sake shiga FNLA, kuma ya koma MPLA kawai bayan zaɓukan jam'iyyu da yawa na shekarar 1992.[8]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Bennett, Andrew. Condemned to Repetition?: The Rise, Fall, and Reprise of Soviet-Russian Military Interventionism, 1999. Page 152.
- ↑ Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola-Workers' Party Country-data
- ↑ Kalley, Jacqueline Audrey. Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997, 1999. Page 59.
- ↑ Stewart Lloyd-Jones and António Costa Pinto. The Last Empire: Thirty Years of Portuguese Decolonisation, 2003. Page 27.
- ↑ Stewart Lloyd-Jones and António Costa Pinto. The Last Empire: Thirty Years of Portuguese Decolonisation, 2003. Page 27.
- ↑ Georges Nzongola-Ntalaja and Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein. The Crisis in Zaire, 1986. Page 193.
- ↑ John Marcum, The Angolan Revolution, vol. II, Exile Politics and Guerrilla Warfare (1962-1976), Cambridge/Mass. & London, MIT Press, 1978, passim
- ↑ John Marcum, The Angolan Revolution, vol. II, Exile Politics and Guerrilla Warfare (1962-1976), Cambridge/Mass. & London, MIT Press, 1978, passim