Danielle Mitterrand
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Danielle Émilienne Isabelle Mitterrand (née Gouze ; 29 Oktoba 1924 - 22 Nuwamba 2011) matar shugaban Faransa François Mitterrand, kuma shugabar Fondation Danielle-Mitterrand - France Libertés .
Rayuwa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haifi Danielle Émilienne Isabelle Gouze a ranar 29 ga Oktoba, 1924 a Verdun, a cikin Meuse . [1] Mahaifinta, Antoine Gouze (1885–1958), shugaban jami'a ne. Mahaifiyarta, wacce aka haifa Renée Flachot (1890–1971), malamar makaranta ce. Iyayenta masu ra'ayin addini ne, 'yan Republican da kuma masu fafutukar kare hakkin ma'aikata na duniya (SFIO) na Faransa .
A shekarar 1940, Antoine Gouze ya ƙi lissafa ɗaliban Yahudawa da malamai a kwalejinsa, kuma gwamnatin Vichy ta kore shi. Daga nan ya koma Cluny inda ya ba da darussa na sirri. Daga 1940 zuwa 1942, iyalanta suna yawan ajiye membobi a ɓoye a cikin ƙungiyar Resistance Combat, ciki har da shugabanta, Henri Frenay . Iyalinta sun taimaka wa Resistance na Faransa kuma sun taimaka wajen shigar da membobi na Maquis . Bayan 'yar uwarta Christine, ta shiga Resistance na Faransa lokacin da take da shekaru 17; daga baya aka ba ta lambar yabo ta Resistance. Ta kuma zama jami'ar haɗin gwiwa a Resistance . Ta haɗu da François Mitterrand a can kuma ta aure shi a ranar 28 ga Oktoba 1944, watanni uku bayan ' Yanci . [2]
Mitterrand yana da 'ya'ya maza uku: Pascal (an haife shi a shekarar 1945; ya mutu yana da watanni biyu), Jean-Christophe (an haife shi a shekarar 1946) da Gilbert Mitterrand (an haife shi a shekarar 1949).
Ta kafa Gidauniyar Faransa-Libertés a shekarar 1986, lokacin da take Uwargidan Shugaban Ƙasa, tare da haɗa ƙananan ƙungiyoyi uku waɗanda aka kafa a shekarar 1981.
A watan Yulin 1992, a kan hanyarta ta zuwa Halabja don goyon bayan Kurdawa, ta shiga cikin wani bam da aka dana a mota a Kurdistan na Iraki ; duk da cewa ta tsira, kamar yadda minista Bernard Kouchner ya yi, mutane bakwai a cikin ayarin motocinta sun mutu, wasu goma sha bakwai kuma suka jikkata.
A shekarar 1996, an ba Mitterrand kyautar Arewa-Kudu "saboda matsayinta na goyon bayan haƙƙin ɗan adam da kuma, a alamance, ga matan Aljeriya, saboda gwagwarmayar da suke yi ta yau da kullun don 'yanci." [3]
Mitterrand ya mutu a ranar 22 ga Nuwamba 2011 yana da shekaru 87 bayan an kwantar da shi a asibiti saboda gajiya.
Ra'ayoyi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Mitterrand ta daɗe tana goyon bayan Cuba da gwamnatinta ta Marxist-Leninist . [4] Ta yi abota da Fidel Castro, Subcomandante Marcos, da Dalai Lama . Duk da haka, ta soki Castro da azabtar da fursunonin siyasa na Cuba. A lokacin ziyarar Fidel Castro a Faransa a shekarar 1995, ta kuma taimaka wajen sakin ɗan adawar Cuba Yndamiro Restano Díaz da aka tsare, wanda aka ruwaito an sake shi bisa buƙatarta. Ita ma mai goyon bayan ANC ce da kuma ƙungiyar yaƙi da wariyar launin fata a Afirka ta Kudu. [5]
Ta kuma goyi bayan 'yan Sandinista lokacin da mijinta ya ba su taimakon soja a yakin da suka yi da sojojin da Amurka ke marawa baya a Nicaragua . [ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2023)">ana buƙatar ambato</span> ] Ta yi suka sosai ga Turkiyya, tana adawa da shigarta Tarayyar Turai da kuma goyon bayan ƙungiyar 'yancin kai ta Kurdistan . [6] Ta bayyana ra'ayoyinta don goyon bayan 'yan awaren Sahrawi, [7] ɗan tawayen Mexico mai suna Subcomandante Marcos, da kuma mutanen Tibet, da sauransu.
A matsayinta na Uwargidan Shugaban Ƙasa, ta yi magana game da take haƙƙin ɗan adam, ciki har da ƙasashen da gwamnatin Faransa ke neman ci gaba da kyakkyawar alaƙa da su; ta sami fushin gwamnatin China da kuma Sarki Hassan na Biyu na Morocco, musamman. Gidauniyarta ta France-Libertés ta ba da tallafin kuɗi ga shirye-shiryen kare haƙƙin ɗan adam na gida a ƙasashen waje, kuma ta ba da kuɗaɗen shiga ga magunguna da ilimi a ƙasashe matalauta. [1]
Ta goyi bayan kuri'ar "a'a" a kuri'ar raba gardama ta Faransa ta 2005 kan Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Turai : "Na yi Allah wadai da ikon tattalin arziki akan mutane, tsarin da ke mayar da mutane zuwa abubuwa a cikin daidaiton tattalin arziki, baya girmama talakawa kuma yana ware duk wanda bai bi ka'idar riba ba".
Ayyuka
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Waɗannan mutanen farko ’yan’uwanmu ne ( Ces hommes sont avant tout nos frères ), Ramsay, 1996, a kan Indiyawan Chiapas.
- azabtarwa a Tunisia: Kwamitin 'yanci da 'yancin ɗan adam a Tunisiya ( La azabtarwa en Tunisie : Comité pour le respect des libertés et des droits de l'homme en Tunisiya ), Le temps des cerises, 2000
Daraja
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An sanya wa Danielle Mitterrand, MLF ta Makarantar Ƙasa da Ƙasa ta Faransa, wacce ke Kurdistan ta Iraki, suna saboda ita.
Girmamawar ƙasashen waje
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Netherlands : Grand Cross of the Order of the Crown (1991)
Filipin :
Order of Gabriela Silang (11 July 1989)[8]
Sweden : Commander Grand Cross of the Order of the Polar Star (11 May 1984)
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "Family tree of Danielle MITTERRAND". Geneanet (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-08-11.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs named "monde". - ↑ "The North South Prize of Lisbon". North-South Centre. Council of Europe. Archived from the original on 2008-02-15. Retrieved 2008-01-21.
- ↑ "Danielle Mitterrand in Cuba". Archived from the original on February 10, 2013. Retrieved December 9, 2007.
- ↑ Empty citation (help)
- ↑ "Cyprus News Agency: News in English (AM), 99-03-10". Hri.org. 1999-03-10. Archived from the original on 2011-06-05. Retrieved 2011-11-22.
- ↑ "afrol News - Systematic maltreatments revealed in Saharawi camps". Afrol.com. Retrieved 2011-11-22.
- ↑ "Roster of Recipients of Presidential Awards". Retrieved 2022-07-11.