Daukaka kara na Heidelberg
| Daukaka kara na Heidelberg | |
|---|---|
| Asali | |
| Mawallafi |
Michel Salomond (en)  |
| Lokacin bugawa | 1992 |
| Characteristics | |
| Description | |
| Ɓangaren | Ƙin canjin yanayi |
Daukaka kara na Heidelberg, wanda Michel Salomon ya rubuta, daukaka kara ne da aka yi wa binciken da Kwamitin Gwamnati ya yi kan Canjin Yanayi. Manufar daukaka kara ta Heidelberg ta yi kama da Sanarwar Leipzig da aka buga daga baya.[1] Kafin bugawa, Fred Singer, wanda ya fara korafe-korafe da yawa kamar Heidelberg Appeal, da Michel Salomon, sun shirya taron a Heidelberg, wanda ya haifar da wannan takardar.[2] An buga shi a ranar ƙarshe ta Taron Ruwa na 1992, kuma ya yi gargadi game da kafa Manufofin muhalli akan abin da marubutan suka bayyana a matsayin "magana ta pseudo-scientific ko bayanan ƙarya da ba su da mahimmanci". [3] Masana'antar taba da asbestos ne suka fara shi, don tallafawa hadin gwiwar yanayi na duniya. A cewar SourceWatch daukaka kara shine "yaudara da masana'antun asbestos da taba suka yi don tallafawa Ƙungiyar Yanayi ta Duniya".[4] Dukkanin masana'antu ba su da wani dalili na kai tsaye don musanta dumamar yanayi, amma suna so su inganta ajanda na "kimiyya mai kyau", wanda ya bayyana cewa kimiyya da ke tallafawa masana'antu kimiyya ce mai kyau kuma kimiyya ce da ta saba wa waɗancan kimiyya (kamar kimiyyar muhalli) mummunan kimiyya ne ko "kimiyya mara kyau".[3]
Mai farawa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Michael Solomon shi ne editan mujallar "Projections" da ke birnin Paris. Sun riga sun yi nasara [bayyanawa da ake buƙata] tare da:
- TASSC (The Advancement of Sound Science Coalition) a Amurka a karkashin Steven Milloy,
- SEPP (Science & Environmental Policy Project), wanda Fred Singer ke gudanarwa kuma yana da alaƙa da TASSC.
- ESEF (Taron Kimiyya da Muhalli na Turai) wanda Roger Bate ke gudanarwa a kan tallafi daga Cibiyar Harkokin Tattalin Arziki a London.
Bayan daukaka kara na Heidelberg, Salomon ya kafa musu ICSE (aka "CIES") wanda aka nakalto daban-daban a cikin takardun tarihin taba a matsayin Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya ta Duniya ko, a Faransanci, Cibiyar Duniya don Écologie Scientifique .
Amfani da shi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Babban kamfanoni da masu sukar muhalli sun rungumi roko na Heidelberg da farin ciki. Masu tunani masu ra'ayin mazan jiya akai-akai suna ambaton Kira na Heidelberg a matsayin hujja cewa masana kimiyya sun ki amincewa da ka'idar dumamar yanayi da kuma wasu haɗarin lafiyar muhalli da ke da alaƙa da kimiyya da masana'antu na zamani. Sunansa daga baya ya karɓi Heidelberg Appeal Nederland Foundation, wanda aka kafa a 1993 kuma yana jayayya da haɗarin kiwon lafiya da ke da alaƙa da nitrates a cikin abinci da Kwayoyin cuta masu tsayayya da maganin rigakafi. Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya ta Duniya ce ta gabatar da karar Heidelberg a shekarar 1993, ƙungiyar da Michael Salomon ya kafa "wanda aka ɗauka yana da mahimmanci a cikin shirye-shiryen Philip Morris na ƙirƙirar rukuni a Turai mai kama da The Advancement of Sound Science Coalition (TASSC)".[5]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Shaw, Allison; Robinson, John (2004). "RELEVANT BUT NOT PRESCRIPTIVE? SCIENCE POLICY MODELS WITHIN THE IPCC". Philosophy Today. 48 (9999): 84–95. doi:10.5840/philtoday200448Supplement9.
- ↑ Dunlap, Riley E.; Jacques, Peter J. (2013). "Climate Change Denial Books and Conservative Think Tanks: Exploring the Connection". American Behavioral Scientist. 57 (6): 699–731. doi:10.1177/0002764213477096. PMC 3787818. PMID 24098056.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedPowell - ↑ "Heidelberg Appeal". SourceWatch. Retrieved 2022-12-08.
- ↑ Shaw, Allison; Robinson, John (2004). "RELEVANT BUT NOT PRESCRIPTIVE? SCIENCE POLICY MODELS WITHIN THE IPCC". Philosophy Today. 48 (9999): 84–95. doi:10.5840/philtoday200448Supplement9.