Despina Pappa-Paschalidou

 

Despina Pappa-Paschalidou (Kadıköy, 1874 - Athens, 1954) ta kasance Mai yin yar tsana ta Girka.

Tarihin rayuwa

An haifi Despina Pappa-Paschalidou a shekara ta 1874 a Chalcedon (Kadıköy). Mahaifinta, Georgios Pappas, ɗan kasuwa ne daga tsibirin Chios kuma mai mallakar ɗayan manyan shaguna a Constantinople (Galata), wanda aka kafa a 1852, wanda ke sayar da felt da masana'anta. Mahaifiyarta, Eleni Logaridou, an haife ta ne a Fanari (Fener). Ta girma ne a cikin babban iyali mai wadata, mai birni. Despina ta sami ilimi a gida kuma karatunta sun haɗa da Girkanci, Faransanci da piano. Ta kuma nuna sha'awa da ƙwarewa a zane, sau da yawa ana yin wahayi zuwa gare ta da shimfidar wurare da aka nuna a kan katunan wasiƙa.

A shekara ta 1897 ta auri Konstantinos Paschalidis, wani dan kasuwa wanda ya yi karatu a Makarantar Aikin Gona ta Jami'ar Montpellier kuma tare da ita tana da 'ya'ya mata hudu: Eleni (Paschalidou - Zongolopoulou) , Danae (Paschali dou - Nikolaidi), Lili (Paschalidu - Theodoridou), da Alexandra (Paschali Dou - Moreti).

Konstantinos Paschalidis ya mallaki kasuwancin sericulture a cikin cocoons na siliki da tsaba na siliki. Kasuwancinsa sun kasance a Redestos (East Thraki), a Kios (Asia Minor) da kuma a Tehran (Persia). Ya kasance majagaba tun lokacin da shi ne na farko da ya yi amfani da hanyar Pasteur da gwajin microscopic na malam buɗe ido. An katse kasuwancinsa na nasara a 1919 bayan Juyin Juya Halin Rasha saboda an rufe manyan hanyoyin da suka ba da damar kasuwanci zuwa Turai. Paschalidis zai rufe masana'antarsa a Farisa, yayin da wani abu na musamman game da kasuwancinsa ya faru a Baku, Azerbaijan, inda aka kwace dukkan hanyar jirgin kasa da ta sauya samar da masana'antar sa a Tehran, cocoons na siliki da tsaba na siliki. Wannan gaskiyar ta yi tasiri sosai ga tattalin arziki ga Paschalidis.

A shekara ta 1922 dangin Paschalidis sun ƙaura daga Constantinople (Istanbul) zuwa Bulgaria (Varna), sannan zuwa Thessaloniki kuma a ƙarshe zuwa Athens a shekara ta 1925, inda suka zauna har abada, kuma a wannan lokacin mai yiwuwa ya fara motsawar Despina Paschalidou don samun 'yancin kuɗi.

'Yan tsana da aka yi da hannu

A tsakiyar 20s, Despina Paschalidou ta yanke shawarar yin 'yan tsana don samun kuɗi. Ta tsara 'yan tsana da tufafinsu wanda aka yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ta hanyar kayan ado na Girka. Despina ta sayar da 'yan tsana a shagunan yawon bude ido kusa da Acropolis. A cikin 1930 ta shiga tare da sana'arta a baje kolin masana'antu na Delphi . An kuma gabatar da 'yan tsana na Despina a baje kolin shekara-shekara na al'adun gargajiya a Zappeio. Ta yi aiki tare da shagon yawon bude ido na farko a Girka, mallakar Florentini Kaloutsi.

An yi wa 'yan tsana ado da tufafin gargajiya daga sassa daban-daban na Girka da Anatolia da kuma tufafin birni. Halin Despina ya samo asali ne daga rayuwar yau da kullun na Athens kamar yarinya, mai yin takalma, mai yin burodi, da dai sauransu. Sau da yawa 'yan tsana za su kwatanta siffofi masu ban dariya da ban dariya na mutane, kamar "Menidiatis", suna riƙe da ɗan nama, da kuma "Delapatridis". Bugu da ƙari, ɗaya daga cikin ministocin Girka ya ba da umarnin yar tsana mai suna "Othonas" kuma ya ba da ita a matsayin kyauta ga Firayim Minista na Girka, Eleftherios Venizelos . [1]

A cikin 1934, Despina Paschalidou, yanzu sanannen mai yin tsana, ta yanke shawarar ƙirƙirar bita a gidanta kuma daga ƙarshe ta hayar mata goma, dukansu 'yan gudun hijira ne daga Asia Minor, don yin aiki don kasuwancin ta. Wannan bita kuma ya samar da 'yan tsana ba tare da tufafi ba waɗanda aka fitar da su zuwa Gidauniyar Gabas ta Tsakiya ta Amurka. Taron ya ci gaba da nasara har tsawon shekaru biyar har sai yanayi a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu bai ba da damar ci gaba da aiki ba.

Bayan samarwa da cinikin 'yan tsana, Despina Paschalidou ta juya zuwa rubuce-rubuce da kwatanta labarun daga Constantinople cewa kawunta, Chariklia Pappa, ta saba gaya mata tun tana yarinya. A cikin 1939 Pirsos Publications ta buga aikinta tare da taken "Tales of Our People".

A asirce ta ci gaba da yin 'yan tsana, ta sanya wasan kwaikwayo tare da jikokin ta, ta fentin, kuma ta lura da girke-girke da al'adun ƙasarsu. Despina ce ta bukaci 'yarta Lili Paschalidou - Theodoridou ta shiga cikin sana'ar yin yar tsana a 1948-9 kuma wacce ta yi wa 'yarta Eleni Paschalidou-Zongolopoulou wahayi zuwa ga karatun fasahar zane.