Dimokuradiyya mai sassaucin ra'ayi
Dimokuradiyya mai sassaucin ra'ayi, wacce kuma ake kira dimokuradiyya irin ta Yamma, [1] ko kuma dimokuradiyya mai ma'ana,[2] wani nau'i ne na gwamnati da ke hade tsarin dimokuradiyya tare da ra'ayoyin falsafar siyasa mai sassaucin ra'ayi. Abubuwan gama gari a cikin tsarin dimokraɗiyya mai sassaucin ra'ayi sune: zaɓe tsakanin ko tsakanin ƙungiyoyin siyasa daban-daban; raba madafun iko zuwa sassa daban-daban na gwamnati; bin doka da oda a rayuwar yau da kullum a matsayin wani bangare na budaddiyar al'umma; tattalin arzikin kasuwa tare da dukiya mai zaman kansa; zaɓe na duniya; da kuma kare daidaici na yancin ɗan adam, 'yancin ɗan adam, 'yancin ɗan adam, da 'yancin siyasa ga duk 'yan ƙasa. Dimokuradiyya mai mahimmanci yana nufin mahimman hakkoki da mahimman dokokin, wanda zai iya haɗawa da daidaitattun daidaito, [3] Hukumar sakamako don subgroups a cikin al'umma. [4] [5]Dimokuradiyya mai sassaucin ra'ayi ta jaddada rarrabuwar kawuna, da tsarin shari'a mai zaman kansa, da tsarin bincike da daidaito tsakanin sassan gwamnati. Tsarin jam'iyyu da yawa tare da aƙalla jam'iyyun siyasa biyu masu tsayin daka, nagartattun jam'iyyun siyasa, halayen demokraɗiyya masu sassaucin ra'ayi ne.
Ana amfani da ikon gwamnati bisa ka'ida kawai bisa ga rubuce-rubuce, dokokin da aka bayyana a bainar jama'a da aka karɓa kuma aka aiwatar dasu bisa ƙa'idar da aka kafa. Don ayyana tsarin a aikace, dimokuradiyya masu sassaucin ra'ayi sau da yawa suna yin amfani da tsarin mulki, ko dai wanda aka tsara ko ba a tsara shi ba, don zayyana ikon gwamnati da kuma sanya kwangilar zamantakewa. Dimokuradiyya mai sassaucin ra'ayi na iya ɗaukar nau'ikan tsarin mulki daban-daban.
Asalinta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Dimokuradiyya mai sassaucin ra'ayi ta samo asali - da sunanta - zuwa Turai na karni na 18, lokacin zamanin wayewa. A lokacin, mafi yawan kasashen Turai sarakuna ne, masu ikon siyasa ko dai ta sarki ko kuma masu fada aji. Yiwuwar dimokuradiyya ba ta kasance wani ka'idar siyasa da aka yi la'akari da shi ba tun zamanin da kuma abin da aka yi imani da shi shi ne cewa dimokuradiyya za ta kasance cikin rashin kwanciyar hankali da hargitsi a cikin manufofinsu saboda canjin son rai na mutane. An kuma yi imani da cewa dimokuradiyya ta saba wa dabi'ar dan Adam, domin ana ganin dan Adam a cikinsa ya zama miyagu, tashin hankali da kuma bukatar shugaban kasa mai karfi da zai kau da kai ga halaka. Da yawa daga cikin sarakunan Turai sun ɗauka cewa Allah ne ya naɗa ikonsu kuma yin kokwanton ikonsu na yin sarauta daidai yake da sabo. [6]
Hakkoki da yanci
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Manyan labarai: 'Yancin Siyasa da Dimokuradiyya da 'Yancin Dan Adam 'Yancin siyasa shine babban ra'ayi a cikin tarihi da tunanin siyasa kuma daya daga cikin muhimman siffofi na al'ummomin dimokuradiyya[7] An kwatanta 'yancin siyasa a matsayin 'yanci daga zalunci[8] ko tilastawa, [9] raahin yanayin nakasa ga mutum da kuma cika sharuddan ba da damar, [10] ko rashin yanayin rayuwa na tilastawa, misali. tilasta tattalin arziki, a cikin al'umma]. Ko da yake ana fassara ’yancin siyasa da mummunar fassara a matsayin ’yanci daga matsalolin waje marasa ma’ana game da aiki, kuma yana iya komawa ga kyakkyawar aiwatar da haƙƙoƙi, iyawa da yuwuwar aiki da kuma amfani da haƙƙin zamantakewa ko na ƙungiya. Har ila yau, ra'ayin na iya haɗawa da 'yanci daga ƙuntatawa na ciki akan aikin siyasa ko magana (misali daidaituwar zamantakewa, daidaito, ko halayya marar inganci.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "The Patterns of Democracy in Context of Historical Political Science"
- ↑ "Studying Substantive Democracy"
- ↑ "Studying Substantive Democracy"
- ↑ Cusack, Simone; Ball, Rachel (July 2009). Eliminating Discrimination and Ensuring Substantive Equality (PDF) (Report). Public Interest Law Clearing House and Human Rights Law Resource Centre Ltd. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 June 2022. Retrieved 12 June
- ↑ What is substantive equality?". Equal Opportunity Commission, Government of Western Australia. November 2014. Retrieved 28 October 2018
- ↑ Comparative Politics: Interests, Identities, and Institutions in a Changing Global Order
- ↑ Hannah Arendt, "What is Freedom?", Between Past and Future: Eight Exercises in Political Thought, (New York: Penguin, 1993).
- ↑ Marion Young, "Five Faces of Oppression", Justice and the Politics of Difference (Princeton University press, 1990), 39–65.
- ↑ Michael Sandel, Justice: What's the Right Thing to Do? (Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010).
- ↑ Amartya Sen, Development as Freedom (Anchor Books, 2000).