Dina St Johnston
 Dina St Johnston | |
|---|---|
| Rayuwa | |
| Cikakken suna | Aldrina Nia Vaughan |
| Haihuwa |
Selhurst (en)  , 20 Satumba 1930 |
| ƙasa | Birtaniya |
| Mutuwa | 1 ga Yuli, 2007 |
| Karatu | |
| Harsuna | Turanci |
| Sana'a | |
| Sana'a | Furogirama, Entrepreneur da injiniya |
Dina St Johnston (née Aldrina Nia Vaughan; 20 Satumba 1930 - 30 Yuni / 1 Yuli 2007) ta kasance mai tsara shirye-shiryen kwamfuta ta Burtaniya wacce aka ba ta lambar yabo tare da kafa gidan software na farko na Burtaniya a shekarar 1959.
Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haife ta Aldrina Nia Vaughan a kudancin London, St Johnston ta yi karatu a Selhurst Grammar School for Girls kafin ta bar makaranta tana da shekaru 16 ko 17 (asusun ya bambanta) don yin aiki ga Ƙungiyar Binciken Ƙarfe ta Burtaniya.[1][2] St Johnston ya yi aiki kuma ya yi karatu na ɗan lokaci, yana karatu a Croydon Polytechnic kuma daga baya Sir John Cass College kafin ya sami digiri na Jami'ar London a lissafi.[1]
Farkon aikina
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A shekarar 1953, St Johnston ta bar Ƙungiyar Binciken Ƙananan Karfe ta Burtaniya ta shiga Borehamwood Laboratories na Elliott Brothers (London) Ltd, inda ta yi aiki a Sashen Ka'idar. Kamfanin kamfani ne na farko na kwamfuta kuma ya samar da kwamfutarsa ta farko a shekarar 1950. St Johnston ta koyi shirye-shirye a kamfanin da kuma a Makarantar bazara ta Cambridge ta 1954 kan Shirye-shirye, kuma, ta nuna ƙwarewa sosai wajen shirye-shirye, ta fara aiki a kan kwamfutocin jerin EDSAC da Elliott 400 da 800. [2] A shekarar 1954, ita ce ke da alhakin shirye-shiryen kwamfuta ta dijital ta Elliott 153 Direction Finding (DF) don Admiralty, kuma ba da daɗewa ba ta shirya kwamfutar biyan albashi ta Elliott; an ce aikinta ya kasance mai ƙirƙira da tsari, amma kuma daidai ne, ba a taɓa buƙatar 'ɓarna' ba'. [1]
Kwamfutocin Vaughan
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ba da daɗewa ba bayan aurenta da Andrew St Johnston - shugaban sashen kwamfuta na Elliott - a shekarar 1958, ta kafa Vaughan Programming Services (VPS) a Ware, Hertfordshire a shekarar 1959, tana yin kwangilolin software, horarwa da kuma ɗaukar ƙarin masu shirye-shirye kamar yadda ake buƙata. A bikin cika shekaru goma da kafuwa a shekarar 1969, littattafan kamfani sun bayyana cewa "VPS ita ce rukunin Software na farko mai zaman kansa da aka yi rijista a Burtaniya (Fabrairu 1959), wanda ba wani ɓangare na masana'antar kwamfuta ba ne, ba wani ɓangare na ofishin kwamfuta ba ne, ba wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar masu amfani ba ne kuma ba wani ɓangare na aikin ba da shawara ba ne." An yi kwangiloli masu mahimmanci a St Johnston da VPS, kamar shirye-shiryen tashoshin wutar lantarki na farko, amma a shekarar 1970 ta bazu zuwa kayan aiki, tana samar da kwamfutarta, 4M, kuma kamfanin ya canza sunanta zuwa Vaughan Systems and Programming a shekarar 1975 don nuna sabon fannin aiki. [1] Ɗaya daga cikin kwamfutocin 4M Vaughan yana cikin Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasa na Kwamfuta . [3]
St Johnston da kamfaninta, Vaughan, sun samar da manhajoji ga kamfanoni kamar BBC, Unilever, da GEC, na'urorin kwaikwayo na jirgin sama don RAF da kuma manhajoji waɗanda ke ba da bayanai na ainihin lokaci ga fasinjoji a British Rail, nau'in aikin da kamfanin ya fi shahara a kansa. [4] Kamfanin ya shahara sosai wajen amfani da tsarin siginar sufuri da nunin faifai. [5]
Rayuwa daga baya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A shekarar 1996, an sayar da Vaughan Systems and Programming ga Harmon Industries, wani kamfanin siginar layin dogo na Amurka. [6] [7]
St Johnston ta ci gaba da shirye-shirye har zuwa tsakiyar shekarun 1990. [2] Ta yi ritaya a shekarar 1999 kuma ta mutu a ranar 30 ga Yuni/1 ga Yuli 2007, tana da shekaru 86 [6]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- 1 2 3 4 "92: dina st johnston". Magnificent Women (in Turanci). Retrieved 2020-01-02. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":1" defined multiple times with different content - 1 2 3 "Dina St Johnston – Computing History". computinghistory.org.uk. Retrieved 2020-01-02. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":2" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Eby, Colin. "Ever meet a computer named Vaughan?". TNMOC. Archived from the original on 20 April 2019. Retrieved 9 November 2018.
- ↑ "Dina St Johnston – Computing History". computinghistory.org.uk. Retrieved 2020-01-02.
- ↑ Eby, Colin. "Ever meet a computer named Vaughan?". TNMOC. Archived from the original on 20 April 2019. Retrieved 9 November 2018.
- 1 2 "Computer Resurrection Issue 41". cs.man.ac.uk. Retrieved 2019-10-20. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":0" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Electronics Weekly for 26 February 1969 "This week is the tenth anniversary of the UK's software industry, and Vaughan Programming Services of Ware, Herts, who started it all, are thriving under the direction of Mrs A St Johnston." (excerpt from 2007-11-08 electronicsweekly.com online issue)