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Dokar CLOUD

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Dokar CLOUD
Dokar Majalisa
Bayanai
Bangare na Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018 (en) Fassara
Gajeren suna CLOUD Act
Laƙabi Clarifying Lawful Overseas Use of Data Act
Ƙasa Tarayyar Amurka
Applies to jurisdiction (en) Fassara Tarayyar Amurka
Harshen aiki ko suna Turanci
Legislated by (en) Fassara 115th United States Congress (en) Fassara
Signatory (en) Fassara Donald Trump (mul) Fassara
Effective date (en) Fassara 23 ga Maris, 2018
Date of promulgation (en) Fassara 23 ga Maris, 2018

Dokokin Amfani da Bayanai a Ketare ko Dokar CLOUD ( H.R. 4943 ) dokar tarayya ce ta Amurka wacce aka kafa a cikin 2018 ta hanyar zartar da Dokar Haɓaka Haɓaka, 2018, PL 115-141, Division V.

Dokar CLOUD da farko tana gyara Dokar Sadarwar da aka Ajiye (SCA) na 1986 don ba da damar tilasta wa dokar tarayya tilastawa kamfanonin fasaha na Amurka ta hanyar sammaci ko sammaci don samar da bayanan da aka buƙata da aka adana akan sabar ba tare da la'akari da ko an adana bayanan a cikin Amurka ko a ƙasar waje ba. [1]

Fage

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An gabatar da Dokar CLOUD ne biyo bayan matsalolin da Ofishin Bincike na Tarayya (FBI) ke da shi tare da samun bayanan nesa ta hanyar masu ba da sabis ta hanyar sammacin SCA, kamar yadda aka rubuta SCA kafin lissafin girgije ya kasance fasaha mai dacewa. [2] An bayyana halin da ake ciki daga binciken fataucin miyagun ƙwayoyi na 2013, lokacin da FBI ta ba da sammacin SCA na imel ɗin da wani ɗan ƙasar Amurka ya adana a ɗaya daga cikin sabar Microsoft na nesa a Ireland, wanda Microsoft ya ƙi bayarwa.

Tanadi

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Dokar CLOUD ta ce dole ne kamfanonin sadarwa na Amurka su samar da bayanan da aka adana ga abokin ciniki ko mai biyan kuɗi akan kowace uwar garken da suka mallaka kuma su yi aiki a lokacin da aka buƙace su ta hanyar garanti, amma ta samar da hanyoyin da kamfanoni ko kotuna za su ƙi ko ƙalubalantar waɗannan idan sun yi imanin buƙatar ta keta haƙƙin sirri na ƙasar waje bayanan da aka adana a ciki.

Har ila yau, yana ba da madadin hanya da sauri zuwa MLATs ta hanyar "yarjejeniyoyin zartarwa"; an baiwa bangaren zartaswa damar shiga yarjejeniyoyin bangarorin biyu tare da kasashen waje don samar da bayanan da ake bukata da suka shafi ‘yan kasarta cikin tsari mai inganci, muddin babban mai shari’a, tare da amincewar sakataren harkokin wajen Amurka, ya amince cewa kasar waje tana da isassun kariya a wurin da za ta takaita samun bayanai da suka shafi ‘yan kasar Amurka. [3] [4] Irin wannan yarjejeniya ta farko ita ce da Burtaniya. [5] Akwai FAQ ɗin da aka liƙa a cikin farar takarda da Ma'aikatar Shari'a ta Amurka ta buga. [6]

Goyon baya da adawa

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Dokar CLOUD ta sami tallafi daga Sashen Shari'a da na manyan kamfanonin fasaha kamar Microsoft, AWS, Apple, da Google . [7] [8] Ƙungiyoyin kare hakkin jama'a da dama sun soki kudurin, da suka haɗa da Electronic Frontier Foundation, American Civil Liberties Union, Amnesty International, da Human Rights Watch . Wadannan rukunoni sun yi jayayya cewa lissafin kwantar da hankula ta hudu ga binciken da ba zai iya ba da zartar da bayanan ba yayin da aka bayar da irin waɗannan shaharar Amurka. [8] [9] Wasu daga cikin waɗannan ƙungiyoyin suna tsoron gwamnati ba za ta yi cikakken nazarin buƙatun daga ƙasashen waje don 'yan ƙasarsu da aka adana a kan sabar a Amurka ba, wanda zai iya ba da damar yin amfani da irin waɗannan bayanan cikin mummunan imani a waɗannan ƙasashe. [10]

Wucewa da kuma bayansa

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Bayan gabatar da shi a cikin Majalisar Dokokin Amurka ta 115 a matsayin HR4943, an haɗa dokar a matsayin wani sashe na Dokar Haɓaka Ƙarfafa, 2018 ( H.R. 1625 ), lissafin kashe kudi na omnibus, wanda ya wuce majalisun majalisun biyu kuma aka sanya hannu kan doka, PL 115-141, akan Maris 23, 2018.

A ranar 17 ga Afrilu, 2018, Kotun Koli, bisa la’akari da taƙaitaccen taƙaitaccen taƙaitaccen bayani da Ma’aikatar Shari’a ta gabatar, ta kori Microsoft Corp. da Amurka, kuma ta mayar da shi zuwa ƙaramar kotu don yin hakan, kamar yadda Ma’aikatar Shari’a ta sami damar samun sabon sammaci a ƙarƙashin Dokar CLOUD kuma ba ta ci gaba da bin sammacin farko ba, wanda ya sa shari’ar ta tabbata . [11] [12]

Halin kasa da kasa

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Mai Kula da Kariyar Bayanan Turai (EDPS) ya kalli Dokar CLOUD a matsayin doka a cikin yiwuwar rikici da GDPR . [13] [14] [15] Kwamishinan Kare bayanai na Jamus ya yi gargaɗi game da amfani da Sabis na Yanar Gizo na Amazon na Amurka don adana mahimman bayanai ga 'yan sanda na Tarayya . [16]

Ana kallon wannan doka a matsayin kwatankwacin dokar leken asiri ta kasar Sin. [17] [18]

Bayan dokar ta Cloud, ƙasashe da yawa sun ƙaddamar da matakan adana bayanai a cikin iyakokinsu.

Manazarta

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  1. ↑ "The CLOUD Act and its Impact on Cross-Border Access to the Contents of Communications". 25 March 2018.
  2. ↑ Schwartz, William; Goldstein, rew; Grooms, Daniel. "The New Data Wars: How the CLOUD Act Is Likely To Trigger Legal Challenges". New York Law Journal (in Turanci). Retrieved 2020-11-11.
  3. ↑ "S.2383 - CLOUD Act". United States Congress. February 6, 2018. Retrieved April 3, 2018.
  4. ↑ Johnson, Ericka (March 19, 2018). "The CLOUD Act, Bridging the Gap between Technology and the Law". The National Law Review. Retrieved April 3, 2018.
  5. ↑ Christakis, Theodore (October 17, 2019). "21 Thoughts and Questions about the UK-US CLOUD Act Agreement: (and an Explanation of How it Works – with Charts)". blog. Archived from the original on July 21, 2020. Retrieved July 20, 2020.
  6. ↑ "Promoting Public Safety, Privacy, and the Rule of Law Around the World: The Purpose and Impact of the CLOUD Act, White Paper". U.S. Department of Justice. April 2019. Retrieved October 21, 2019.
  7. ↑ Foley, Mary Jo (March 22, 2018). "Microsoft bullish on Congress' inclusion of CLOUD Act in funding bill". ZDNet. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
  8. 1 2 Mak, Aaron (March 22, 2018). "Congress Put the CLOUD Act in Its Spending Bill. What Does That Mean For Data Privacy?". Slate. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
  9. ↑ Brandom, Russell; Lecher, Colin (March 22, 2018). "House passes controversial legislation giving the US more access to overseas data". The Verge. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
  10. ↑ Watters, Jackie (March 31, 2018). "Microsoft email privacy case no longer needed, DOJ says". CNN. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
  11. ↑ Stohr, Greg (March 31, 2018). "Justice Department Asks Court to Drop Microsoft Email Case". Bloomberg Businessweek. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
  12. ↑ "Supreme Court rules that Microsoft email privacy dispute is moot". Reuters. April 17, 2018. Retrieved April 17, 2018.
  13. ↑ European Data Protection Supervisor (10 July 2019). "EDPB-EDPS Joint Response on the US Cloud Act" (PDF).
  14. ↑ Christakis, Theodore (October 17, 2019). "21 Thoughts and Questions about the UK-US CLOUD Act Agreement: (and an Explanation of How it Works – with Charts)". blog. Archived from the original on July 21, 2020. Retrieved July 20, 2020.
  15. ↑ Whitworth, Martin (2018). "Don't Get Spooked by the CLOUD Act" (PDF). International Data Corporation.
  16. ↑ Delcker, Janosch (April 4, 2019). "German watchdog says Amazon cloud vulnerable to US snooping". POLITICO.eu.
  17. ↑ "As Huawei frightens Europe's data protectors, America does too". The Straits Times. February 24, 2019. Archived from the original on 2024-03-14.
  18. ↑ Maartje Wijffelaars. "The transatlantic trade war: Plenty of topics to be upset about". RaboResearch - Economic Research. Archived from the original on 2021-02-25.
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