Dokar Kasuwanci ta 1807

Medallion anti- bautar da Wedgwood wanda aka ƙirƙira a matsayin wani ɓangare na yaƙin yaƙi da bauta ta Josiah Wedgwood, 1787. Dokar Kasuwancin Bayi 1807 (47 Geo. 3 Ses. 1. c. 36), ko kuma Kashe Kasuwancin Bayi 1807, wani aiki ne na Majalisar Dokokin Burtaniya wanda ya haramta cinikin bayin Atlantika a cikin Daular Burtaniya. Ko da yake ba ta ‘yantar da waɗanda ake bauta a lokacin ba kai tsaye, ta ƙarfafa matakin Biritaniya na matsa wa sauran ƙasashe su kawar da nasu cinikin bayi. Ya fara aiki ne a ranar 1 ga Mayu 1807, bayan shekaru 18 na ƙoƙarin zartar da lissafin sokewa.

Da yawa daga cikin magoya bayan sun yi zaton cewa wannan aiki zai kai ga kawo karshen bautaBauta a ƙasar Ingilishi ba ta da tallafi a cikin dokar Ingilishi kuma an tabbatar da wannan matsayi a shari'ar Somerset a cikin 1772, amma ya kasance doka a yawancin daular Biritaniya har zuwa lokacin da dokar kawar da bautar ta 1833 (3 & 4 Will. 4. c. 73).

Sai dai a shekara ta 1937 ne aka haramta cinikin bayi a duk fadin daular Biritaniya, inda Najeriya da Bahrain suka kasance yankunan Burtaniya na karshe da suka kawar da bautar

Fage

Kamar yadda masanin tarihin Birtaniya Martin Meredith ya rubuta, "A cikin shekaru goma tsakanin 1791 da 1800, jiragen ruwa na Birtaniya sun yi tafiya kimanin 1,340 a fadin Atlantic, suna sauka kusan bayi 400,000. Tsakanin 1801 da 1807, sun dauki karin 266,000. Kasuwancin bayi na Birtaniya ya kasance daya daga cikin kasuwancin da aka fi samun riba." An kafa kwamitin kawar da cinikin bayi a cikin 1787 ta ƙungiyar Furotesta na Ikklesiyoyin Ingilishi da ke da alaƙa da Quakers, don haɗa kai a cikin adawar da suke yi na bautar da cinikin bayi. Quakers sun daɗe suna kallon bauta a matsayin lalata, da kuma lahani ga ɗan adam. A shekara ta 1807 ƙungiyoyin abolitionist a Biritaniya suna da babban yanki na mambobi masu tunani iri ɗaya a cikin Majalisar Burtaniya. A tsayinsu suna sarrafa kujeru 35-40. Wanda aka fi sani da “Waliyai”, ƙawancen ya kasance ƙarƙashin jagorancin wanda aka fi sani da masu fafutukar yaƙi da bautar bayi, William Wilberforce, wanda ya ɗau alhakin kawar da shi a shekara ta 1787 bayan ya karanta shaidar da Thomas Clarkson ya tara akan cinikin.wann 'yan majalisar da aka sadaukar sun sami damar yin amfani da doka ta James Stephen, surukin Wilberforce. Sau da yawa suna ganin yaƙin da suke yi da bauta a matsayin yaƙin yaƙin da Allah ya ƙaddara. A ranar Lahadi, 28 ga Oktoba, 1787, Wilberforce ya rubuta a cikin littafin tarihinsa cewa: “Allah Madaukakin Sarki ya sanya mini manyan abubuwa guda biyu, na dakile cinikin bayi da kuma gyara dabi’u A ranar 2 ga Afrilun 1792, William Wilberforce ya dauki nauyin wani kuduri a majalisar dokokin kasar "cewa ya kamata a kawar da cinikin da al'ummomin Birtaniyya ke yi, domin samun bayi a gabar tekun Afirka." A shekarar 1791 ya gabatar da irin wannan kudiri, wanda ‘yan majalisar suka kada kuri’a, inda 163 suka nuna adawa, 88 suka amince. Henry Dundas bai halarci wannan ƙuri'ar ba, amma lokacin da aka sake gaban 'yan majalisar a 1792, Dundas ya gabatar da koke daga mazauna Edinburgh waɗanda suka goyi bayan sokewa. da a nan ya ci gaba da tabbatar da yarjejeniyarsa bisa ka'ida tare da motsi na Wilberforce: "Ra'ayina ya kasance koyaushe a kan cinikin bayi." Ya ce, duk da haka, kada kuri'ar kawar da ita cikin gaggawa ba za ta yi tasiri ba, domin hakan ba zai hana 'yan kasuwa daga wasu kasashe shiga ba don ci gaba da cinikin da Birtaniya ta yi watsi da su. Ya ce: "Dole ne a kawar da wannan ciniki a karshe, amma ta hanyar matsakaicin matakai" Ya ba da shawarar gyara wanda zai ƙara kalmar "a hankali" zuwa motsi na Wilberforce. An amince da gyaran, 192 sun amince, 125 suka nuna adawa. Kudirin da aka yi wa kwaskwarima ya amince da 230, 85 suka nuna adawa. Dundas ya nace cewa duk wani soke cinikin bayi dole ne ya dogara da goyon bayan majalisun dokokin mulkin mallaka na yammacin Indiya, da kuma aiwatar da dokokin da suka shafi inganta ayyukan. Boye WLE Austria Logo (babu rubutu).svgWiki Yana son Duniya: Gasar daukar hoto ta duniya inda zaku iya baje kolin yanayi na musamman na Najeriya da yuwuwar samun kyauta. Dokar Kasuwanci ta 1807 Daga Wikipedia, encyclopedia na kyauta Domin dokar Amurka da aka zartar a wannan shekarar, duba Dokar Hana Shigo da bayi.

Dokar Kasuwanci ta 1807

Dokar Majalisa

Daga nan ne majalisar ta gyara kudurori masu goyan baya da Dundas ya gabatar, don nuna sabon ranar da aka yi niyya na 1796.[ kudirin da kudurori ba su sami izini ba a cikin Majalisar Dokoki, duk da haka, la’akari da dage shi a hukumance zuwa zama na gaba a ranar 5 ga Yuni 1792, inda ba a sake farfado da su ba.

Don haka Dokar Ciniki Bawa ta 1792 ta wuce Majalisar Dokoki; amma gyare-gyare da gyare-gyare na Pitt, Earl na Mornington, Edward James Eliot da MacDonald an lalata shi kuma an lalata shi, ya kasance tsawon shekaru, a cikin Gidan Iyayengiji. Lambobin abolitionists sun kasance suna da girma ta wurin mummunan matsayi na gwamnati a ƙarƙashin Lord Grenville, wanda ɗan gajeren wa'adinsa na Firayim Minista aka sani da Ma'aikatar Duk Talents. Grenville da kansa ya jagoranci yakin don zartar da kudirin a cikin House of Lords, yayin da a cikin Commons lissafin ya kasance karkashin jagorancin Sakataren Harkokin Waje, Lord Howick (Charles Gray, daga baya Earl Grey). sauran abubuwan da suka faru kuma sun taka rawa; Ayyukan Ƙungiyar 1800 sun kawo 'yan majalisar Irish 100 a cikin majalisar, yawancinsu sun goyi bayan sokewa. An fara gabatar da kudirin ga majalisar a watan Janairun 1807. Ya tafi Majalisar Wakilai a ranar 10 ga Fabrairun 1807. A ranar 23 ga Fabrairun 1807, shekaru 20 bayan ya fara yakin sa’adda, Wilberforce da tawagarsa sun sami lada da nasara. Bayan muhawarar da ta dauki tsawon sa'o'i goma, majalisar ta amince da karatu na biyu na daftarin dokar da za ta soke cinikin bayi na Atlantic da kuri'u 283 na kuri'u 16. kudirin ya sami izinin sarauta daga Sarki George III a ranar 25 ga Maris 1807. Dokar ta fara aiki a ranar 1 ga Mayu 1807. Duk da haka, Kitty's Amelia ta sami izinin tafiya a ranar 27 ga Afrilu, kafin ranar ƙarshe. Don haka, lokacin da ta tashi a ranar 27 ga Yuli, ta yi hakan bisa doka. Wannan shi ne balaguron shari'a na ƙarshe na jirgin ruwa na Biritaniya.

Dukkanin abubuwan da suka faru a bayan yakin da ake yi na hadin gwiwa na hudu. A cikin watanni na ƙarshe na 1806, Napoleon ya sami gagarumar nasara, ya murkushe ikon soja na Prussia, ya shiga Berlin babban birninsa kuma ya ba da dokar Berlin, yana aiwatar da tsarin nahiyoyi wanda manufarsa ita ce ta raunana tattalin arzikin Birtaniyya ta hanyar rufe yankin da Faransanci ke sarrafawa zuwa kasuwancinsa.

Sauran kasashe

Ta dokar da ta yi game da bautar da aka yi ta 1793, Majalisar Kanada ta Upper Kanada a Arewacin Amurka ta Burtaniya (Kanada ta yau) ta soke cinikin bayi, ’yantattun bayi da suka yi hijira ta hanyar zaɓi ko tilastawa, da kuma yaran da aka haifa ga mata waɗanda aka bautar daga baya a ranar haihuwarsu ta 25, amma ba ta ‘yantar da bayi mazauna wurin ba. A shekara ta 1805 wata doka ta Biritaniya ta hana shigo da bayi cikin yankunan da aka kama daga Faransa da Netherlands. bayan amincewa da dokar ta 1807, Biritaniya ta yi amfani da tasirinta na diflomasiyya don matsawa sauran kasashe su kawo karshen hannunsu a cinikin bayi. tare da Yarjejeniyar Anglo-Portuguese ta 1810, Portugal ta amince da taƙaita kasuwancinta zuwa yankunanta; a cikin yarjejeniyar Anglo-Swedish na 1813, Sweden ta haramta cinikin bayi; kuma a cikin yerjejeniyar Paris ta 1814 inda Faransa ta amince da Britaniya cewa cinikin bayi ya kasance "abin kyama ga ka'idojin adalci na dabi'a" kuma ta amince da soke shigar da cinikin bayi a cikin shekaru biyar. A cikin 1814 yerjejeniyar Anglo-Dutch Netherlands ta haramta cinikin bayi, kuma 1817 Anglo-Spanish yerjejeniyar ta bukaci Spain da ta dakile kasuwancinta nan da 1820.

{asar Amirka ta amince da dokar da ta haramta shigo da bayi a ranar 2 ga Maris, 1807, a wannan watan da shekarar da Birtaniya ta yi. Ta tanadi kawar da cinikin bayin da take yi a Atlantika amma ba ta canza cinikin bayi a cikin gida ba, yayin da Amurka ta soke cinikin bayi na kasa da kasa ya kai ga kafa cinikin bayi a gabar teku a Amurka. Mataki na 1, sashe na 9, sakin layi na 1 na Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Amurka ya hana rufe cinikin bayi na tsawon shekaru ashirin, har zuwa shekara ta 1808. An zartar da dokar da aka dade ana tsarawa shekara guda da ta gabata, kuma tare da karfafa tattalin arzikin cinikin bayi ya zo karshe, duka biyun an samu karuwar yawan bayi da ake cinikin bayi da kuma hadewar bangarorin siyasa a kan cinikin

tilastawa

Babban labarin: Toshewar Afirka Dokar ta haifar da tara ga shugabannin jiragen ruwa da suka ci gaba da cinikin. Waɗannan tarar za su iya kai £100 ga kowane bawa da aka samu a cikin jirgi. Wani lokaci kyaftin na jefar da waɗanda aka kama a cikin ruwa idan suka ga jiragen ruwa na ruwa suna zuwa don guje wa waɗannan tara. ] Sojojin ruwa na Royal, wadanda a lokacin suke sarrafa tekun duniya, sun kafa rundunar sojan ruwa ta yammacin Afirka a shekara ta 1808 don yin sintiri a gabar tekun Afirka ta Yamma, kuma a tsakanin 1808 zuwa 1860 sun kwace jiragen ruwa kusan 1,600 tare da 'yantar da 'yan Afirka 150,000 da ke cikinsa Rundunar sojojin ruwa ta Royal ta bayyana cewa za a yi wa jiragen ruwa da ke jigilar bayi kamar yadda 'yan fashin teku ke yi. An kuma dauki mataki a kan masarautun Afirka da suka ki sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyoyin da za su haramta cinikin, kamar “Sarkin Legas”, wanda aka hambarar a shekara ta 1851. An rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyoyin yaki da bauta da sarakunan Afirka sama da 50.

A cikin 1860s, rahotannin David Livingstone na cin zarafi a cikin cinikin bayi na Larabawa a Gabashin Afirka ya tayar da sha'awar jama'ar Birtaniya, tare da farfado da yunkurin kawar da shi. Sojojin ruwa na Royal a cikin shekarun 1870s sun yi ƙoƙari su murkushe "wannan mummunan ciniki na Gabas", a Zanzibar musamman. A cikin 1890 Biritaniya ta ba da ikon mallakar tsibirin Heligoland mai mahimmanci a cikin Tekun Arewa zuwa Jamus don mayar da ikon Zanzibar, a wani bangare don taimakawa aiwatar da haramcin cinikin bayi. .