Dokar amincewa

Dokar amincewa
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na	legal norm (en)

A ra'ayin HartA ra'ayin Hart, dokar amincewa ta fito ne daga yarjejeniya tsakanin jami'ai inda suka yarda da ka'idodin doka a matsayin ka'idojin da ke sanya ayyuka da ba da iko ga jami'ai, kuma suna warware shakku da rashin jituwa a cikin al'umma. Dokar tana iya ganewa daga ayyukan zamantakewa na jami'an da suka amince da dokar a matsayin halayyar halayyar da ta dace, suna ba da matsin lamba ga juna don ya dace da ita, kuma gabaɗaya suna gamsar da bukatun doka. Don wannan dalili, kamar yadda Hart dokar amincewa ta fito ne daga yarjejeniya tsakanin jami'ai inda suka yarda da ka'idodin doka a matsayin ka'idojin da ke sanya ayyuka da ba da iko ga jami'ai, kuma suna warware shakku da rashin jituwa a cikin al'umma. Dokar tana iya ganewa daga ayyukan zamantakewa na jami'an da suka amince da dokar a matsayin halayyar halayyar da ta dace, suna ba da matsin lamba ga juna don ya dace da ita, kuma gabaɗaya suna gamsar da bukatun doka. Don wannan dalili, kamar yadda Hart ya bayyana, dokar tana da ayyuka uku:

Wani bangare na tsakiya na ka'idar doka-linkid="5" href="./H.L.A._Hart" id="mwBw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="H.L.A. Hart">H.L.A. Hart game da shari'a, a cikin kowane tsarin shari'a. A cewar Hart:

A ra'ayin Hart, dokar amincewa ta fito ne daga yarjejeniya tsakanin jami'ai inda suka yarda da ka'idodin doka a matsayin ka'idojin da ke sanya ayyuka da ba da iko ga jami'ai, kuma suna warware shakku da rashin jituwa a cikin al'umma. Dokar tana iya ganewa daga ayyukan zamantakewa na jami'an da suka amince da dokar a matsayin halayyar halayyar da ta dace, suna ba da matsin lamba ga juna don ya dace da ita, kuma gabaɗaya suna gamsar da bukatun doka. Don wannan dalili, kamar yadda Hart

Ya biyo bayan cewa dokar amincewa ce kawai amincewa da gaskiya game da abin da ke da doka; kamar yadda aka kwatanta da lissafin da hukumar dokoki ta zartar kuma shugaban kasa ya amince da shi. Gaskiyar cewa an sanya lissafin a matsayin doka bisa ga tsarin majalisa mai kyau zai, bisa ga Dokar Amincewa, ya sa ya zama doka mai inganci. Har ila yau, wannan ya dogara ne akan gaskiyar wanzuwarsa ta irin wannan hanyar. Hukuncin da aka yi a cikin R (Factortame Ltd) v Sakataren Harkokin Sufuri (wanda aka yanke shawarar Maris 1989 zuwa Nuwamba 2000) yana wakiltar canjin Dokar Amincewa, ta hanyar tabbatar da rashin jituwa da dokokin Burtaniya (Dokar Jirgin Kasuwanci) tare da dokar EU, da kuma yanke shawarar cewa Kotunan Burtaniya za su yi amfani da tanadin irin wannan dokar idan sun saba wa dokar EU. Sir William Wade, sanannen iko a cikin Dokar Tsarin Mulki ta Burtaniya, zai tabbatar da wannan ra'ayi. Bayan Brexit, duk da haka, wannan ra'ayi zai ci gaba da kasancewa da muhimmanci kawai a matsayin wani ɓangare na Tarihin shari'a.

Rashin amincewa

Wani zargi game da dokar Hart ta amincewa shi ne cewa ba zai yiwu a gane doka ba kamar yadda ta wuce "...duk gwaje-gwajen da aka bayar ta hanyar doka ta amincewa," inda dogaro da tunanin da ba za a iya cin nasara ba a matsayin hujja cewa doka ta wuce "... duk gwaje-gayen da aka bayar da dokar amincewa..." na iya zama mai kuskure.

Kamar yadda Dworkin ya bayyana a cikin "The Model of Rules" (1967), "..tsarin amincewa ba zai iya zama mai inganci ba, saboda ta hanyar zato yana da mahimmanci, don haka ba zai iya saduwa da gwaje-gwajen da aka tsara ta hanyar doka mafi mahimmanci ba..."