Dokar muhalli ta Indiya
 Dokar muhalli ta Indiya |
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doka muhalli ta Indiya ta shafi doka da manufofi Indiya game da kare muhalli, matakan da aka dauka don juyar da Canjin yanayi da cimma tattalin arzikin carbon.
Tun daga shekarun 1960 damuwa game da yanayin muhalli ya karu a duniya. An sami raguwa mai yawa a cikin ingancin muhalli saboda karuwar gurɓataccen yanayi, asarar kayan lambu da bambancin halittu, yawan adadin sunadarai masu cutarwa a cikin yanayi da kuma sarkar abinci, haɗarin haɗarin haɗari na muhalli da barazanar tsarin tallafin rayuwa. Shawarwarin da aka dauka a taron hadin kan kasa a kan taron ɗan adam kan Muhalli na Dan Adam da aka gudanar a Stockholm a watan Yunin 1972 ya dogara ne akan ƙudurin al'ummar duniya na karewa da haɓaka damuwar muhalli. Kodayake an dauki matakai da yawa don kare muhalli kafin da kuma bayan taron an ga ya zama dole a aiwatar da cikakken doka a kan batun don aiwatar da shawarar taron. Dangane da haka an gabatar da Dokar Muhalli (Kariya) da aka zartar a cikin Majalisar Dokoki daban-daban sun rufe yankuna daban-daban na kare muhalli, waɗanda aka tsara a lokuta daban-daban.
Wasu daga cikin yankunan da aka rufe sun hada da:-
- Rashin gurɓata iska
- Rashin gurɓata ruwa
- Kariya daga gandun daji da namun daji
- Gudanar da sharar gida
- Rayuwa ta daji
Kamar yadda yake tare da dokokin kare muhalli a kasashe da yawa, ka'idojin suna da tasiri ne kawai idan an aiwatar da su yadda ya kamata, wanda ba koyaushe ba ne a Indiya, saboda dalilai da yawa, wasu daga cikinsu sun kasance ga hukumomin gudanarwa na gida.
Saboda yawan jama'ar Indiya, an sanya manyan buƙatu a kan muhalli, tare da ka'idojin da ba su tabbatar da cewa sun gamsu ba wajen magance matsin lamba.
Kariya ta gaba ɗaya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Dokar Kare Muhalli, 1986. [1] Hukumar Kula da Pollution ta Tsakiya da kuma Kwamitin Kula da Pollition na Jiha da yawa ne ke aiwatar da shi.
- Kotun Green ta Kasa da aka kafa a karkashin Dokar Kotun Green na Kasa ta 2010 [2] tana da iko a kan dukkan shari'o'in muhalli da ke hulɗa da babbar tambaya ta muhalli kuma ayyukan da aka rufe a karkashin Dokar Ruwa (Kariya da Kula da Pollution), 1974.
- Dokar Inshora ta Jama'a, 1991
- Dokar Kotun Green ta Kasa
- Rashin gurɓata iska
- Dokar Air (Kariya da Kula da Ruwan Gida, 1981
- Air (Kariya da Kula da Ruwan Gida) (Yankin Tarayyar) Dokokin, 1983
Ruwa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Dokoki don kare ingancin ruwa sun hada da:
- Dokar Ruwa (Kariya da Kula da Ruwan Gida, 1974
- Dokar Ruwa (Kariya da Kula da Ruwan) Dokar Cess, 1977
- Ruwa (Kariya da Kula da Ruwan) Dokokin Cess, 1978
- Shirin Ayyuka na Ganga, 1986
- Manufofin Ruwa na Kasa
- Yankin Kula da Tekun
- Kotun Rashin Ruwa ta Godavari
- Dokar Rashin Rashin Ruwa ta Interstate
- Kotun Rashin Ruwa ta Krishna
dazuzzuka da namun daji
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Dokar gandun daji ta Indiya, 1927
- Dokar kariya ta namun daji, 1972
- Dokar Tsaro, 1980
- Manufofin gandun daji na kasa, 1988
- M. C. Mehta v. Kamal Nath (1997) 1 SCC 388
- Dokar Biological Diversity, 2002
- Kare Nau'ikan Shuke-shuke da Dokar 'Yancin Manoma, 2001
- Dokar Kare Rayuwa ta daji, 1972, wacce ba ta fada cikin ikon Kotun Green ta Kasa ba.[3] Ana iya shigar da kara a Kotun Koli ta Indiya.
- Rigakafin zalunci ga dabbobi Dokar 1960
- Kudin CAMPA
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "THE ENVIRONMENT (PROTECTION) ACT, 1986". envfor.nic.in. Archived from the original on 2002-06-13. Retrieved 2015-08-27.
- ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-08-10. Retrieved 2017-11-13.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ↑ "THE INDIAN WILDLIFE (PROTECTION) ACT, 1972". envfor.nic.in. Retrieved 2015-08-27.