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Dokar saka hannun jari da ayyukan yi

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Dokar saka hannun jari da ayyukan yi
Dokar Majalisa
Bayanai
Gajeren suna Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act
Laƙabi An Act To authorize funds for Federal-aid highways, highway safety programs, and transit programs, and for other purposes.
Ƙasa Tarayyar Amurka
Applies to jurisdiction (en) Fassara Tarayyar Amurka
Work available at URL (en) Fassara govinfo.gov…
Legislated by (en) Fassara 117th United States Congress (en) Fassara
Signatory (en) Fassara Joe Biden (mul) Fassara
Date of promulgation (en) Fassara 15 Nuwamba, 2021

Dokar Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA), wanda aka fi sani da Dokar Infrasecture Bipartisan (BIL), (H.R. 3684) doka ce ta tarayya ta Amurka da Majalisa Dattijai ta Amurka ta 117 ta kafa kuma Shugaba Joe Biden ya sanya hannu a cikin doka a ranar 15 ga Nuwamba, 2021. An gabatar da shi a cikin House a matsayin INVEST a Amurka Act kuma an ba shi lakabi da Bipartisan Infrastructure Bill . Dokar da farko ta kasance kunshin ababen more rayuwa na dala biliyan 547-715 wanda ya haɗa da tanadi da suka shafi taimakon babbar hanyar tarayya, sufuri, tsaro na babbar hanya, mai ɗaukar mota, bincike, kayan haɗari da shirye-shiryen dogo na Ma'aikatar Sufuri.[1][2] Bayan tattaunawar majalisa, an yi gyare-gyare kuma an sake masa suna Dokar Infrastructure Investment and Jobs don ƙara kudade don Samun damar watsa labarai, ruwa mai tsabta da sabunta wutar lantarki ban da shawarwarin sufuri da hanya na asalin dokar gidan. Wannan gyare-gyare ya haɗa da kusan dala tiriliyan 1.2 a cikin kashewa, tare da dala biliyan 550 da aka ba da izini a saman abin da Majalisa ke shirin ba da izinin a kai a kai.  

Majalisar Dattijai ta zartar da dokar da aka yi gyare-gyare 69-30 a ranar 10 ga watan Agusta, 2021. A ranar 5 ga watan Nuwamba, majalisar ta zartar da 228-206, kuma bayan kwana goma Shugaba Gidan ya sanya hannu a cikin doka.

Tarihi

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A ranar 31 ga Maris, 2021, Shugaba Joe Biden ya bayyana shirin aikinsa na dala tiriliyan 2.3 na Amurka (wanda, lokacin da aka haɗa shi da Shirin Iyalai na Amurka, ya kai dala tiriliyon 4 a cikin kashe kayan aikin), [3] wanda ya gabatar da shi a matsayin "ƙoƙarin canji don sake fasalin tattalin arzikin kasar". Cikakken shirin ya yi niyyar ƙirƙirar miliyoyin ayyuka, ƙarfafa ƙungiyoyin ma'aikata, faɗaɗa kariya ta ma'aikata.[4][5]

Tarihin majalisa

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Shigar da Majalisar Dattijai

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A tsakiyar watan Afrilu na 2021, 'yan majalisa na Jamhuriyar Republican sun ba da takardar shaidar dala biliyan 568 ga Shirin Ayyuka na Amurka.[6] A ranar 9 ga watan Mayu, Shugaban Majalisar Dattijai Mitch McConnell ya ce bai kamata ya kashe fiye da dala biliyan 800 ba.[7] A ranar 21 ga watan Mayu, gwamnatin ta rage farashin zuwa dala tiriliyan 1.7, wanda 'yan Republican suka yi saurin ƙi.[8] Kwana daya bayan haka, wata kungiya ta jam'iyyun biyu a cikin Kwamitin Muhalli da Ayyukan Jama'a na Majalisar Dattijai ta sanar da cewa sun cimma yarjejeniya ta dala biliyan 304 a cikin kudaden babbar hanyar Amurka. Kwamitin ya amince da wannan a ranar 26 ga watan Mayu.[9] A ranar 4 ga Yuni, Shugaban Kwamitin Sufuri da Infrastructure na House Peter DeFazio ya ba da sanarwar shirin dala biliyan 547, wanda ake kira INVEST a Amurka Act, wanda zai magance wasu sassa na Shirin Ayyuka na Amurka.[10] [lower-alpha 1] A ranar 1 ga watan Yulin, Majalisar ta zartar da dokar gyaran dala biliyan 715 da aka mayar da hankali kan sufuri da ruwa.[11]     

A ranar 27 ga watan Mayu, Sanata na Jamhuriyar Republican Shelley Moore Capito ya gabatar da shirin dala biliyan 928, [12] [13] kuma a ranar 4 ga watan Yuni, ya kara shi da kusan dala biliyan 50; gwamnatin Biden ta ki amincewa da hakan da sauri. [lower-alpha 2][lower-alpha 3] A ranar 8 ga watan Yuni, gwamnatin ta mayar da hankali ga ƙungiyar jam'iyyun biyu ta sanatoci 20, waɗanda ke aiki a kan kunshin da aka yi kusan dala biliyan 900.[14] [lower-alpha 4] A ranar 10 ga Yuni, ƙungiyar jam'iyyun biyu ta sanatoci 10 ta cimma yarjejeniyar da ta kai dala biliyan 974 a cikin shekaru biyar; ko kuma kimanin dala tiriliyan 1.2 idan aka shimfiɗa sama da shekaru takwas. A ranar 16 ga watan Yuni, ƙungiyar jam'iyyun biyu ta sanatoci 21 ta amince da shirin.[16] A ranar 24 ga watan Yuni, kungiyar jam'iyyun biyu ta hadu da shugaban kasa kuma ta cimma yarjejeniyar sulhu da ta kai dala tiriliyan 1.2 a cikin shekaru takwas, wanda ke mai da hankali kan ababen more rayuwa (musamman hanyoyi, gadoji, layin dogo, ruwa, datti, manyan motocin lantarki). An shirya a biya wannan ta hanyar karfafawa na Internal Revenue Service (IRS), kudaden agaji na COVID-19 da ba a kashe ba, da sauran tushe.[17] A watan Yulin 2021, an bayar da rahoton cewa an soke rabon IRS na kudaden.[18] Biden ya tsara cewa lissafin "kayan aikin ɗan adam" daban (musamman kula da yara, Kula da gida, da Canjin yanayi) - wanda daga baya aka sani da Dokar Build Back Better - dole ne ya wuce, ko ta hanyar jam'iyya biyu ko sulhu, amma daga baya ya koma wannan matsayi. [17][19] Kakakin majalisar Nancy Pelosi ya bayyana cewa majalisar ba za ta jefa kuri'a kan dokar ababen more rayuwa ba har sai babban lissafin ya wuce a Majalisar Dattijai, duk da gaskiyar cewa sulhu ya mamaye yawancin ikon hanawa na filibuster.[20][21]       –  –

Jami'an Fadar White House sun bayyana a ranar 7 ga Yuli cewa rubutun majalisa yana gab da kammalawa.[22] A ranar 14 ga watan Yulin, Kwamitin Makamashi da albarkatun kasa na Majalisar Dattijai ya gabatar da lissafin makamashi da ake sa ran za a haɗa shi a cikin kunshin jam'iyyun biyu.[23] A ranar 21 ga watan Yulin, Shugaban Majalisar Dattijai Charles Schumer ya gabatar da "shell bill" don jefa kuri'a don fara muhawara a Majalisar Dattijan, yana da niyyar ƙara rubutun jam'iyyun biyu ta hanyar gyare-gyare.[24] A ranar 25 ga watan Yulin, Sanata na Jamhuriyar Republican Rob Portman ya bayyana cewa yarjejeniyar ta kasance "kimanin 90%" cikakke, tare da jigilar jama'a ta kasance daya daga cikin sauran batutuwan jayayya.[lower-alpha 5][26] A ranar 30 ga watan Yuli, Portman ya bayyana cewa an warware wannan.[27] A ranar 28 ga watan Yulin, Sanata Kyrsten Sinema ta bayyana cewa ba ta goyi bayan lissafin sulhu wanda ya kai dala tiriliyan 3.5, ya karya rikici kuma ya ba da damar lissafin jam'iyyun biyu ya ci gaba.[28] A wannan rana, Majalisar Dattijai ta kada kuri'a 67-32 don ci gaba da lissafin, kuma a ranar 30 ga Yuli, ta kada kuriʼa 66-28 don ci gaba a la'akari da shi.[29][30] An kammala rubutun dokar kuma an maye gurbinsa cikin lissafin a ranar 1 ga watan Agusta. [31] A ranar 5 ga watan Agusta, Schumer ya koma ya yanke muhawara game da dokar, ya kafa kuri'a a ranar 7 ga watan Agustan, wanda ya wuce 67-27.[32][33] Ana sa ran gyare-gyare goma sha biyar ko fiye za su sami kuri'u a cikin karshen mako.[33] A ranar 10 ga watan Agusta, Majalisar Dattijai ta zartar da lissafin 69-30. Ya ware dala biliyan 550 a cikin sabon kashewa.[34] Zabe na tsari a kan dokar majalisar game da wucewa da takardun biyu sun wuce tare da layin jam'iyya a ranar 24 ga watan Agusta.[35]

Manazarta

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  1. ↑ "Industry associations applaud U.S. House passage of INVEST in America Act". Roads & Bridges. July 1, 2021. Archived from the original on August 18, 2021. Retrieved July 2, 2021.
  2. ↑ "Chairs DeFazio, Norton, and Payne Introduce the INVEST in America Act to Create Millions of Jobs Bringing Our Infrastructure into the Modern Era". The House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. US House of Representatives. June 4, 2021. Archived from the original on July 23, 2021. Retrieved July 23, 2021.
  3. ↑ Everett, Burgess; Levine, Marianne (May 24, 2021). "'Time to move on': Infrastructure talks near collapse". Politico (in Turanci). Archived from the original on May 24, 2021. Retrieved May 25, 2021.
  4. ↑ Davidson, Kate; Omeokwe, Amara (April 3, 2021). "Biden's Infrastructure Package Is Designed to Boost Unions". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on April 3, 2021. Retrieved October 25, 2021.
  5. ↑ Nilsen, Ella (March 31, 2021). "Joe Biden's $2 trillion infrastructure and jobs plan, explained". Vox. Archived from the original on March 31, 2021. Retrieved October 25, 2021.
  6. ↑ Smith, Allan; Pettypiece, Shannon (April 22, 2021). "Republicans unveil $568 billion counterproposal to Biden's infrastructure plan" (in Turanci). NBC News. Archived from the original on May 22, 2021. Retrieved May 22, 2021.
  7. ↑ Pramuk, Jacob (May 10, 2021). "Infrastructure plan should cost up to $800 billion, McConnell says ahead of Biden meeting" (in Turanci). CNBC. Archived from the original on May 21, 2021. Retrieved May 22, 2021.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Garrison, Joey (May 21, 2021). "Infrastructure talks hit snag as Republicans reject Biden's reduced $1.7 trillion counteroffer". USA Today (in Turanci). Archived from the original on May 21, 2021. Retrieved May 22, 2021.
  9. ↑ Adragna, Anthony (May 26, 2021). "Bipartisan highway bill advances in Senate, offering a path through infrastructure morass". Politico (in Turanci). Archived from the original on June 5, 2021. Retrieved June 5, 2021.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Segers, Grace (June 4, 2021). "House Democrats announce infrastructure bill amid Biden negotiations" (in Turanci). CBS News. Archived from the original on June 4, 2021. Retrieved June 5, 2021.
  11. ↑ Morgan, David (July 1, 2021). "U.S. House approves $715 bln infrastructure bill". Reuters. Archived from the original on July 2, 2021. Retrieved July 2, 2021.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Pramuk, Jacob (May 27, 2021). "Senate GOP unveils its $928 billion infrastructure counteroffer to Biden – here's what's in it" (in Turanci). CNBC. Archived from the original on May 27, 2021. Retrieved May 27, 2021.
  13. ↑ Hoffman, Jason; Vazquez, Maegan (June 4, 2021). "White House rejects GOP infrastructure counteroffer, saying it does not meet Biden's objectives". CNN. Archived from the original on October 24, 2021. Retrieved 2021-06-05.
  14. ↑ Everett, Burgess (2021-06-08). "Biden ends infrastructure talks with Senate GOP, starts engaging bipartisan group". Politico (in Turanci). Archived from the original on October 24, 2021. Retrieved 2021-06-08.
  15. ↑ Wong, Scott; Lillis, Mike (2021-06-09). "House moderates unveil $1.25T infrastructure plan". The Hill (in Turanci). Archived from the original on October 24, 2021. Retrieved 2021-06-09.
  16. ↑ Pramuk, Jacob (2021-06-16). "11 GOP senators back bipartisan infrastructure plan, boosting its chances of moving forward" (in Turanci). CNBC. Archived from the original on October 24, 2021. Retrieved 2021-06-17.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 Garrison, Joey; King, Ledyard (June 24, 2021). "'We have a deal': Biden reaches $1.2 trillion infrastructure compromise with bipartisan group of senators". USA Today (in Turanci). Archived from the original on June 24, 2021. Retrieved June 24, 2021.
  18. ↑ Foran, Clare; Fox, Lauren (July 19, 2021). "Infrastructure push on rocky ground as key Senate test vote looms". CNN. Archived from the original on October 24, 2021. Retrieved 2021-07-19.
  19. ↑ Newburger, Emma (June 27, 2021). "Republican senators say bipartisan infrastructure deal can move forward after Biden clarifies position" (in Turanci). CNBC. Archived from the original on December 1, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  20. ↑ Marcos, Cristina (June 24, 2021). "Pelosi vows no vote on bipartisan deal without Senate action on reconciliation". The Hill (in Turanci). Archived from the original on June 24, 2021. Retrieved June 24, 2021.
  21. ↑ Wong, Scott; Lillis, Mike (August 11, 2021). "Pelosi breaks bad news to moderates: No vote on infrastructure this month". The Hill (in Turanci). Archived from the original on August 11, 2021. Retrieved August 12, 2021.
  22. ↑ Barrón-López, Laura; Everett, Burgess (July 7, 2021). "Democrats race to push bipartisan infrastructure bill through Senate". Politico (in Turanci). Archived from the original on October 27, 2021. Retrieved July 8, 2021.
  23. ↑ Frazin, Rachel (July 14, 2021). "Senate committee advances bipartisan energy infrastructure bill". The Hill (in Turanci). Archived from the original on July 14, 2021. Retrieved July 16, 2021.
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 Kapur, Sahil; Thorp V, Frank; Caldwell, Leigh Ann (July 19, 2021). "Schumer sets Wednesday vote to begin Senate debate on infrastructure deal" (in Turanci). NBC News. Archived from the original on July 20, 2021. Retrieved July 20, 2021.
  25. ↑ Kapur, Sahil; Tsirkin, Julie; Thorp V, Frank (July 21, 2021). "Senate Republicans rebuff consideration of bipartisan infrastructure bill" (in Turanci). NBC News. Archived from the original on July 21, 2021. Retrieved July 22, 2021.
  26. ↑ "Senators race to overcome final snags in infrastructure deal". AP News (in Turanci). July 25, 2021. Archived from the original on July 25, 2021. Retrieved July 26, 2021.
  27. ↑ Carney, Jordain (July 31, 2021). "Biden's bipartisan deal faces Senate gauntlet". The Hill (in Turanci). Archived from the original on July 31, 2021. Retrieved July 31, 2021.
  28. ↑ Walsh, Deirdre (July 28, 2021). "Bipartisan Senate Negotiators Say They Reach A Deal On Infrastructure After Hiccups" (in Turanci). NPR. Archived from the original on July 28, 2021. Retrieved July 28, 2021.
  29. ↑ Pramuk, Jacob (July 28, 2021). "Senate votes to advance bipartisan infrastructure bill as Democrats forge ahead with ambitious economic agenda" (in Turanci). CNBC. Archived from the original on October 27, 2021. Retrieved July 29, 2021.
  30. ↑ Freking, Kevin; Mascaro, Lisa (July 30, 2021). "Senate advances nearly $1 trillion infrastructure plan". ABC News (in Turanci). Archived from the original on October 27, 2021. Retrieved July 31, 2021.
  31. ↑ Zaslav, Ali; Diaz, Daniella (August 1, 2021). "Schumer announces bipartisan group has finalized legislative text on infrastructure bill". CNN. Archived from the original on August 2, 2021. Retrieved August 1, 2021.
  32. ↑ Zaslav, Ali; Foran, Clare; Raju, Manu (August 6, 2021). "Schumer moves to shut down debate on infrastructure bill in key step toward final vote" (in Turanci). CNN. Archived from the original on August 6, 2021. Retrieved August 6, 2021.
  33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 Zeballos-Roig, Joseph (August 7, 2021). "Senate advances $1.2 trillion infrastructure bill, bringing it closer to final passage with McConnell's support". Business Insider (in Turanci). Archived from the original on August 7, 2021. Retrieved August 7, 2021.
  34. ↑ Donovan-Smith, Orion (August 5, 2021). "Senate nears vote on $550 billion bipartisan infrastructure package | The Spokesman-Review". The Spokesman-Review. Archived from the original on October 28, 2021. Retrieved October 28, 2021.
  35. ↑ Pramuk, Jacob (August 24, 2021). "House Democrats clear path toward passing $3.5 trillion budget bill and infrastructure plan after breaking stalemate" (in Turanci). CNBC. Archived from the original on October 26, 2021. Retrieved August 24, 2021.


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