Edith Brown Clement

Edith Brown Clement
Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit (en)
Rayuwa
Haihuwa	Birmingham (en) , 29 ga Afirilu, 1948 (77 shekaru)
ƙasa	Tarayyar Amurka
Karatu
Makaranta	Jami'ar Alabama Tulane University Law School (en) Tulane University (en)
Thesis director	Jean-Pierre Gutton (en)
Sana'a
Sana'a	Lauya da mai shari'a
Imani
Jam'iyar siyasa	Jam'iyyar Republican (Amurka)

Edith Brown Clement (an haife ta a ranar 29 ga watan Afrilu, na shekara ta 1948) babbar alƙaliya ce ta Amurka a Kotun daukaka kara ta Amurka ta Fifth Circuit, da ke zaune a New Orleans, Louisiana .

Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi

An haifi Clement a Birmingham, Alabama, ƴar Erskine John Brown da tsohon Edith Burrus. A shekara ta 1969, ta sami digiri na farko na Arts daga Jami'ar Alabama a Tuscaloosa . A shekara ta 1972, ta sami Juris Doctor daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Tulane a New Orleans . Daga 1973 zuwa 1975, ta yi aiki ga Alkalin Herbert W. Christenberry a Kotun Gundumar Amurka don Gundumar Gabashin Louisiana (1973-1975), bayan haka ta yi aiki a matsayin lauya ta teku a cikin aikin sirri a New Orleans har zuwa 1991.

Ayyukan shari'a na Tarayya

A ranar 1 ga Oktoba, 1991, Shugaba George H. W. Bush ya zabi Clement a Kotun Gundumar Amurka don Gundumar Gabashin Louisiana, kuma a New Orleans. Majalisar Dattijai ta tabbatar da ita a ranar 21 ga Nuwamba, 1991 ta hanyar yardar baki daya. Ta karbi aikinta a ranar 25 ga Nuwamba, 1991. A shekara ta 2001 ta yi aiki a matsayin babban alƙali na wannan kotun, kafin a zabi ta zuwa Fifth Circuit . An dakatar da aikinta a matsayin alƙalin kotun gundumar a ranar 27 ga Nuwamba, 2001 lokacin da aka ɗaga ta zuwa kotun daukaka kara.

Shugaba George W. Bush ne ya zabi Clement a ranar 4 ga Satumba, 2001 don cika kujerar da Alkalin John M. Duhé Jr. ya bar, wanda ya ɗauki Babban matsayi. Shugaba Bill Clinton a 1999 ya zabi lauyan Louisiana Alston Johnson a wannan kujerar a Fifth Circuit, amma Majalisar Dattijan Amurka ba ta taɓa yin sauraro ba ko kuma ta jefa kuri'a kan zaben Johnson. Majalisar Dattijai ta tabbatar da Clement a ranar 13 ga Nuwamba, 2001 ta hanyar kuri'un 99-0. Ta karbi aikinta a ranar 26 ga Nuwamba, 2001. A watan Satumbar 2017, Alkalin Clement ya bayyana cewa za ta dauki Matsayi mai girma a kan tabbatar da magajinta. Ta ɗauki babban matsayi a ranar 14 ga Mayu, 2018.

Ta soki abokan aikinta masu sassaucin ra'ayi James L. Dennis da Gregg Costa a cikin rashin amincewa a ranar 22 ga Maris, 2019, game da batun wariyar launin fata. Ta ce masu shigar da kara sun ci nasara ne kawai saboda kwamitin ya faru yana da masu gabatar da kara 2 a ciki. Clement ya kuma zargi "ƙananan kwamiti", yana ba da shawarar cewa yawancin masu ra'ayin mazan jiya na 5th Circuit za su juyar da riƙewa idan an ba su en banc.

Shahararrun ra'ayoyi

Clement yana da suna a matsayin lauya mai ra'ayin mazan jiya kuma mai tsattsauran ra'ayi wanda ke goyon bayan ka'idodin tarayya. Ta rubuta wasu ra'ayoyi masu daraja.

Ta rubuta wa mafi rinjaye a cikin Vogler v. Blackmore, rage ciwo da wahala lalacewar da juriya ta bayar ga uwa da 'yar da suka mutu a hatsarin mota. Tushen hukuncin ta shine rashin takamaiman shaida game da "sanin haɗari mai zuwa" 'yar. " An tabbatar da kyaututtuka masu yawa ga uba da mijinta saboda asarar al'umma a cikin matarsa da 'yarsa.

A cikin Chiu v. Plano Independent School District, Clement ya yi imanin cewa manufofin gundumar makaranta da ke buƙatar amincewa da masu fashewa da aka bayar a wani taron makaranta sun keta haƙƙin faɗar albarkacin baki na Kwaskwarimar Farko na masu zanga-zangar.

A cikin Amurka v. Harris, Clement ya sake rubuta wa mafi rinjaye, a wannan lokacin ya sake dawo da hukuncin kyaftin din 'yan sanda da aka yanke masa hukunci saboda keta dokokin kare hakkin bil'adama na tarayya ta hanyar amfani da karfi mai yawa. Kyaftin din ya koma ya bar, yana jayayya cewa shawararsa ba ta isa ba. Clement da kotun sun yanke shawarar cewa wakilcin ya kasance mai ma'ana.

Clement ta rubuta ra'ayi ɗaya don 5th Circuit a Tarver v. City of Edna . Ta amince da roƙon jami'an na cancantar kariya don kama mahaifin da ke tsoma baki da dawo da yaro ga mai kula da shi. Har ila yau, kariya ta kare jami'ai daga zargin da mai shigar da kara ya yi na wuce gona da iri wajen amfani da hannayensu da kuma tsare shi a cikin motar 'yan sanda a matsayin wani ɓangare na kamawa. Har ila yau, jami'ai, duk da haka, sun kulle kofar mota a kan ƙafafunsa da kansa, kuma an dakatar da ikirarin mai shigar da kara a ƙarƙashin wannan taken.

Clement ta shiga wasu alƙalai masu ra'ayin mazan jiya a cikin rashin amincewa da shari'o'in Kasuwanci da ke nuna tsarin tarayya. A cikin US v. McFarland, ta yi jayayya cewa ikon Kasuwanci bai bai bai baiwa Majalisa damar tsara fashi na gida ba. A cikin GDF Realty Investments, Ltd. v. Norton Clement ya yi jayayya cewa Dokar Dabbobi Masu Hadari tana buƙatar haɗin kasuwanci don ba da damar tsara nau'ikan halittu masu ban mamaki.

A shekara ta 2010, Clement ta shiga Alƙalai Garza da Owen don tabbatar da korar korafin a cikin Doe v. Silsbee Independent School District . Mai shigar da kara ("H.S.") ya kasance mai gaisuwa wanda makarantar sakandare ta umarce shi da ya yi wa mai cin zarafin jima'i, dan wasan kwando mai suna Rakheem Bolton. H.S. ya ki kuma an kore shi daga tawagar. Ta kai karar, tana mai da'awar keta haƙƙinta na Farko na 'yancin magana. Gundumar Gabashin Texas, Alkalin Thad Heartfield, ya ba da shawarar gundumar makarantar don sallama, kuma Alƙalai Clement, Garza, da Owen sun tabbatar. An umarci H.S. ya biya makarantar $ 45,000 a cikin kudaden shari'a don gabatar da karar "marasa amfani".

Zaɓin Kotun Koli

A watan Yulin 2005, bayan Kotun Koli ta Sandra Day O'Connor ta sanar da ritayar ta, an dauki Clement a cikin manema labarai a matsayin mai gabatarwa don cin nasara, kodayake Shugaba Bush ya zaɓi John Roberts don kujerar. Bayan rasuwar Babban Alkalin William Rehnquist a watan Satumbar shekara ta 2005, kuma Bush ya zabi Roberts a matsayin Babban Alkalli a maimakon haka, an sake ambata Clement a matsayin zaɓi mai yiwuwa don cika kujerar Mataimakin Alkalin, ko kuma Babban Alkalun idan Bush bai canza zaben Roberts ba. Yawancin wannan hasashe ya kasance saboda Clement mace ce mai ra'ayin mazan jiya tare da iyakantaccen hanyar takarda a kan batutuwan da ke da rikici. A ƙarshe, Bush ya zaɓi White House Counsel Harriet Miers a matsayin wanda aka zaba don ya gaji O'Connor, amma bayan Miers ya janye nata nata zabi, wasu kafofin sun ba da rahoton cewa Clement har yanzu yana da zaɓi don wurin zama, kodayake wasu sun ba da labarin cewa ba ta da la'akari; Alkalin Samuel Alito an tabbatar da shi ga wurin zama na O'Connon.

Rayuwa ta mutum

Clement and her husband, Rutledge, have two children. Rutledge Clement was a noted lawyer in New Orleans until having a near-fatal stroke in the mid-1990s, though by 2005, he had recovered his abilities to drive and speak.

Dubi kuma

• George W. Bush 'yan takarar Kotun Koli