Edith Emerson
 Edith Emerson | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Rayuwa | |
| Haihuwa |
Oxford (mul)  , 27 ga Yuli, 1888 |
| ƙasa | Tarayyar Amurka |
| Mutuwa | Philadelphia, 21 Nuwamba, 1981 |
| Makwanci |
Thompson Memorial Cemetery (en) |
| Ƴan uwa | |
| Mahaifi | Alfred Emerson |
| Ma'aurata |
Violet Oakley (en) |
| Ahali |
Gertrude Emerson Sen (mul) , Alfred E. Emerson (en) da Willard Ingham Emerson (mul) |
| Karatu | |
| Makaranta |
Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts (mul) Makarantar Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago |
| Harsuna | Turanci |
| Sana'a | |
| Sana'a |
painter (en) , marubuci, illustrator (en) da masu kirkira |
Edith Emerson (Yuli 27, 1888 - Nuwamba 21, 1981) ƴar Amirka ce mai zane-zane, mai zane-zanen, marubuciya, kuma mai tsarawa. Ta kasance abokin rayuwa na shahararren muralist Violet Oakley kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kasa, shugaban kasa, da kuma mai kula da Gidan Tarihi na Woodmere a sashin Chestnut Hill na Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, daga 1940 zuwa 1978.
Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haifi Emerson a ranar 27 ga Yuli, 1888, a Oxford, Ohio . a cikin dangin ƙwararrun malamai da masu zane-zane. Mahaifinta, Alfred Emerson, masanin ilimin kimiyyar tarihi ne kuma farfesa a fannin ilimin kimiyyyar gargajiya, wanda aikinsa ya haɗa da matsayi a Jami'ar Johns Hopkins, Jami'ar Princeton, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, da Jami'ar Cornell.[1] Mahaifiyarta, Alice Edwards Emerson, ta kasance pianist kuma farfesa ce ta kiɗa wacce ta koyar a Kwalejin Wellesley, Cibiyar Kiɗa ta Ithaca da magajinta, Kwalejin Ithaca, Jami'ar Chicago, Jami'a ta Cornell, da Kwalejin Hobart . [2][3] Tana da 'yan uwa uku: Gertrude, marubuciya kuma edita na Mujallar Willard, mai banki; da Alfred Jr., masanin ilimin ƙwayoyin cuta. [4] Ta yi tafiya sosai tare da iyalinta zuwa Japan, China, Indiya, da Mexico.
Emerson ta fara karatunta na fasaha tun tana ƙarama, tana karatu tare da Olaf Branner daga Sashen Gine-gine a Jami'ar Cornell lokacin da take da shekaru goma sha biyu kawai. Lokacin da take da shekaru goma sha biyar, ta shiga cikin azuzuwan a Cibiyar Fasaha ta Chicago, daga baya ta yi karatu tare da John Vanderpoel da Thomas Wood Stevens . [5] Yayinda take can, tana kula da tarin zane-zane na batutuwa na fasaha.[6]
Emerson ta kuma halarci Kwalejin Fine Arts ta Pennsylvania a Philadelphia . Sauran ɗalibai da ke karatu a makarantar a lokacin sun haɗa da Cecilia Beaux, Violet Oakley, Hugh Breckenridge, da Daniel Garber . [7] Ɗaya daga cikin azuzuwan da Emerson ya halarta shine azuzuwan zane-zane na Oakley, kuma ya sami Oakley "malamin da ya fi motsawa... mai ba da wutar lantarki, yana buɗewa ba tare da la'akari da yiwuwar ba kuma yana ƙarfafa kowane ƙoƙari. Yana da ban sha'awa, musamman ga ɗaliban mata yayin da ya kawar da duk wani ra'ayi na ƙasƙanci. " A lokacin karatunta a Kwalejin, Emerson ta sami Cresson Scholarships biyu, ɗaya a cikin 1914 kuma a cikin 1915, yana ba ta damar tafiya a duk faɗin Turai.[8] An kuma ba ta lambar yabo ta biyu ta Toppan a shekarar 1916.
Ayyuka
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
A shekara ta 1916, yayin da take karatu a Kwalejin Fine Arts ta Pennsylvania a Philadelphia, an ba Emerson kwamiti na tsara kayan ado na mural don gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Plays and Players, wanda aka sani da The Little Theatre, a 17th da Delancey Streets a Center City, Philadelphia . [9] Ta zaɓi a matsayin talakawanta wani labari na Girka, inda 'yar Sarki Minos Ariadne, bayan Theseus ya bar ta, allahn ruwan inabi, Dionysus ya gano ta.
A cikin murals, Emerson ta haɗu da fannoni na zane-zane na Girka da Minoan tare da salon gabas ciki har da China da Japan. An nuna nazarin Tempera don aikin a cikin nune-nunen shekara-shekara na goma sha shida na launuka na ruwa a Kwalejin Fine Arts ta Pennsylvania a shekarar 1918. Emerson ta sami lambar yabo ta Fellowship daga Kwalejin a 1918 don kayan ado na mural. Lokacin da aka bayyana su a The Little Theatre, Violet Oakley ta yaba da ingancin murals da mai zane.[10]
Wani mai zane-zane, Emerson ta nuna a Kwalejin Fine Arts ta Pennsylvania daga 1918 zuwa 1927 kuma daga baya daga 1932 zuwa 1945. Ta ba da gudummawa ga labaran The American Magazine of Art. Ta kuma koyar a yankin Philadelphia a Makarantar Agnes Irwin, Makarantar Masana'antu ta Masana'a, da kuma Kwalejin Chestnut Hill.
Emerson ta zama mataimakin Oakley da abokin tarayya, yana zaune da aiki daga sanannen ɗakin karatu na Oakley, Cogslea, a yankin Mount Airy na Philadelphia, a kan ayyuka da yawa, gami da aikin murals na Oakley na Harrisburg. Sun yi tafiya zuwa kasashen waje kuma sun nuna tare, kuma haɗin gwiwarsu ta jimre sama da shekaru arba'in.:205[11]
Emerson ta yi aiki a matsayin mai kula da kuma darektan Woodmere Art Gallery (yanzu Art Museum) daga 1940 zuwa 1978. [12] A wannan lokacin, ba a saba da mace ta rike irin wannan matsayi ba, amma Emerson ya kalli mata masu zane-zane daidai da maza na zamani.
An bayyana Emerson a matsayin mai kula da gidan kayan gargajiya na Woodmere Art a wani bangare saboda cikakken rikodin rikodin ta. Ta yi bincike sosai a cikin tarin dindindin kuma ta shirya takardun da ke da alaƙa da kowane fasaha; ta kuma nemi bayanai daga masu zane-zane masu ziyara. Emerson ta ba da gudummawa ga Gidan Tarihin Woodmere, gami da ba da gud gudummawa da yawa ga ayyukan fasaha. Ta kuma ba da kyaututtuka ga Nunin Woodmere.
Bayan mutuwar Violet Oakley a 1961, Emerson ta kirkiro Gidauniyar Tunawa ta Violet Oakley don kiyaye ƙwaƙwalwar malaminta da abokinsa da manufofi da rai. Har ila yau, tushe ya nemi gida da adana abubuwan da ke cikin ɗakin Oakley, wanda aka sanya shi a cikin National Register of Historic Places a 1977 a matsayin Violet Oakley Studio. Emerson ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban tushe, da kuma mai kula da kuma babban mai kula da ɗakin studio.[13] An buɗe ɗakin studio ga jama'a a matsayin wani nau'in gidan kayan gargajiya, kuma Emerson ya shirya ayyuka daban-daban a can, gami da kide-kide, nune-nunen, karatun shayari, da laccoci kan fasahar Amurka da zane-zane. Bayan mutuwar Emerson, tushe ya watsar da abinda ke ciki, ya sayar da gidan, kuma ya rushe.
A shekara ta 1979, Emerson ta taimaka wajen farfado da Oakley a matsayin nune-nunen a Gidan Tarihi na Philadelphia . [14]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ name="Guide to the Emerson Family Papers">Newsome, Laura (May 2011). "Guide to the Emerson Family Papers circa 1840–1980" (PDF). Manuscripts and Archives Division, The New York Public Library. Retrieved 4 March 2016.
- ↑ name="Guide to the Emerson Family Papers"
- ↑ Emerson, Alice Edwards. "Alice Edwards Emerson Papers, 1933, 1963". Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections, Cornell University Library. Retrieved 4 March 2016.
- ↑ "Dr Alfred E. Emerson". Invertebrate Zoology, Historical Staff. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 4 March 2016.
- ↑ name="Emerson Papers">Park, Carrol. "Edith Emerson papers, 1839–1981, bulk 1849–1971". Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 3 March 2016.
- ↑ "A Museum Appliance". Bulletin of the Art Institute of Chicago. 4 (2): 29–30. 1910-01-01. JSTOR 4114213.
- ↑ name="Emerson Papers">Park, Carrol. "Edith Emerson papers, 1839–1981, bulk 1849–1971". Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 3 March 2016.Park, Carrol. "Edith Emerson papers, 1839–1981, bulk 1849–1971". Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 3 March 2016.
- ↑ name="Exhibition">"Women and Biography – Exhibition Catalog" (PDF). Woodmere Art Museum. 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 3 March 2016.
- ↑ "Decoration by Former Student". Bulletin of the Art Institute of Chicago. s. 10–11: 229. 1916.
- ↑ "Mural Paintings for the Little Theatre of Philadelphia". The American Magazine of Art. 9 (7): 281–86. May 1918. JSTOR 23926245.
- ↑ name="Smithsonian Museum Catalog">"Exhibition catalog of work by Violet Oakley & Edith Emerson, 1930 Jan. 10–27". Archives of American Art. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 23 April 2016.
- ↑ name="Exhibition">"Women and Biography – Exhibition Catalog" (PDF). Woodmere Art Museum. 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 3 March 2016."Women and Biography – Exhibition Catalog" (PDF). Woodmere Art Museum. 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 3 March 2016.
- ↑ name="ParkService">"Violet Oakley Studio". Women's History Month. National Park Service. Retrieved 20 March 2016.
- ↑ name="NYPL Van Hook Interview">Nadan, Tal. "Violet Oakley: An Interview with Dr. Bailey Van Hook". New York Public Library. Retrieved 23 April 2016.