Edward Francis Small

Edward Francis Small
Rayuwa
Haihuwa	Banjul, 29 ga Janairu, 1891
Mutuwa	1 ga Janairu, 1958
Ƴan uwa
Ahali	Hannah Mahoney
Sana'a
Sana'a	ɗan jarida da trade unionist (en)

Edward Francis Small (29 ga watan Janairu 1891 - Janairu 1958) ɗan ƙasar Gambia ne wanda aka bayyana shi a matsayin "mai bin diddigin wayewar siyasar Gambiya." Daya daga cikin tsirarun masu ilimi a lokaci mulkin turwan Gambiya a farkon karni na 20, Small ya kirkiri kungiyar cinikayya ta farko mai suna (Bathurst Trade Union), jam'iyyar siyasa ta farko (Rate Payers' Association), kuma shine dan siyasar ta na farko da aka fara zaba a majalisar dokoki. Ya kuma kasance wakili ga shi kuma shugaban National Congress of British West Africa (NCBWA).

Rayuwar farko da kuma ilimi

An haifi Small a Bathurst a cikin 1891, ɗan John W. Small da Elizabeth Thomas. Thomas, ɗan gudun hijira ɗan Saliyo, ɗan Aku ne, kamar yadda John yake. A lokacin haihuwar Small, an riga an raba Afirka ta taron Berlin na 1884. Da farko Karami ya yi karatu a Gambia, amma saboda rashin makarantar sakandare, sai da ya koma Freetown, Saliyo, don karatun sakandare. Ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta Methodist Boys a Freetown kuma a cikin 1910 ya fara koyarwa a wata makaranta a can, ya koma Bathurst a 1915 don ci gaba da aiki a matsayin malami.

Aikin mishan

Small ya shiga Ofishin Jakadancin Methodist na Wesleyan a Bathurst. Ya sami girmamawa daga mutanen Mishan kuma an tura shi don buɗe manufa a Balanghar, sannan garin kasuwanci mai kyau da wurin hutu. Ya shafe watanni 18 a can, kafin a tura shi Sukuta sakamakon arangama ta jiki da wani bature mai fatauci kan karar kararrawa. Kwamishinan sashen ya goyi bayan dan kasuwan ne a rikicin wanda hakan ya sa aka kai Small din zuwa Sukuta. Tun daga lokacin da aka bayyana lamarin a matsayin “hankali na mulkin mallaka [na] kawar da wanda ba a so”.

Kishin kasa da kishin afrika

Kananan ya yi niyyar karfafawa talakawan Gambia, musamman manoma da ma'aikata. A matsayinsa na daya daga cikin ’yan Afirka masu ilimi a yankin, ya yi niyyar karfafa su da ilimi da bayanai. Ya shirya darasi na yamma ga mutanen ƙauye, kuma ya kafa jarida mai kishin ƙasa ta farko a ƙasar. Ya yi amfani da wannan don isa ga mabiyansa ko da yana gudun hijira a Senegal. Ya kafa kungiyar kare hakkin 'yan kasa ta Gambia (GNDU) tare da sauran Akus. Ya kuma kafa kungiyar hadin kan manoma ta Gambiya a shekarar 1917, da kuma kungiyar 'yan kasuwa ta Bathurst a shekarar 1929. Ya halarci wani taro a birnin Accra na kasar Gold Coast a shekarar 1920, inda ya gabatar da jawabi kan 'yancin 'yan Afirka ta Yamma na cin gashin kansu. Sakamakon taron shine kafa National Congress of British West Africa, kuma Small ya kafa reshen Gambia bayan dawowar sa.