Eleni na Habasha

Eleni na Habasha
Emperor of Ethiopia (en)
Rayuwa
Haihuwa	Hadiya Kingdom (en) , 15 century
ƙasa	Ethiopian Empire (en)
Mutuwa	Habasha, 1522
Ƴan uwa
Abokiyar zama	Zara Yaqob (en)
Sana'a
Sana'a	ɗan siyasa da queen (en)

Eleni ( Ge'ez : Eleni, "Helena"; ta mutu Afrilu 1522) wanda aka fi sani da Sarauniyar Zeila ta kasance Sarauniyar Habasha ta auren Zara Yaqob (r. 1434-1468), kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin mai mulki tsakanin 1507 da 1516 a lokacin 'yan tsiraru na sarki Dawit II. Ta taka rawar gani sosai a gwamnatin Habasha a lokacin rayuwarta, inda ta kasance mai ba da shawara ko mai ba da shawara ga sarakuna da dama; Shaida ɗaya na wannan ita ce rubutun Bruce 88, wanda ya bayyana cewa ta kasance a cikin fadar manyan sarakuna uku: Zara Yaqob; dansa ta wata matar, Baeda Maryam I (r. 1468–1478), da Na’od (r. 1494–1505).

Rayuwa

‘Yar Sarkin Hadiya, daular Eleni, ta shiga hannun Sarki Zara Yaqob, saboda ta ki biyan harajin shekara, wanda ya kai ga kama ta, ta koma Kiristanci, da auren Zara Yaqob.Hadiya sun yi kira ga masarautar Adal Sultanate don neman taimako, wanda ya kai ga kololuwar rikici a yankin a lokacin yakin Habasha da Adal. Ko da yake ɗan tarihin Fotigal Baltasar Teles ya rubuta cewa Eleni ba shi da yara, a wasu rubuce-rubucen Francisco Álvares 's The Prester John of the Indies, wani ɗan'uwan Lebna Dengel wanda ya tsere daga Amba Geshen an kwatanta shi da ɗanta, bisa ga fassarar amma ba ainihin rubutun ba

Tasirin siyasa

Bayan rasuwar Zara Yaqob, sarki na gaba, Baeda Maryam I, ya ba Eleni lakabin Uwar Sarauniya, domin an yi wa mahaifiyarsa Tsion Mogasa dukan tsiya har lahira a zamanin mulkin mahaifinsa. Eleni ya tabbatar da cewa ta kasance memba mai tasiri a cikin gidan sarauta; Paul B. Henze yayi sharhi cewa "ta kasance tare da sarauta" a lokacin mulkinsa. [1] Lokacin da Eskender ya gaji mahaifinsa, da farko Bitwoded Amda Mikael ya kore Empress Eleni daga mulki. Duk da haka, a kusa da 1486 ta shiga cikin juyin mulkin fada wanda ya kai ga tuhume shi da kisa, kuma Eleni ya taka rawar gani a cikin gwamnati, wanda ya ci gaba har zuwa mulkin sarki Na'od .

Tun tana kuruciyarta, Eleni ta ci gaba da wayar da kan al'ummar musulmi gaba daya, kuma ta nemi yin sulhu da daular musulmin da ke makwabtaka da Adal, ta inganta huldar kasuwanci.

Abuna Marqos ya gaya wa ɗan ƙasar Fotigal ɗan mishan Francisco Álvares, cewa bayan mutuwar sarki Na’od a yaƙi, “shi da Sarauniya Eleni suka naɗa shi sarki [Lebna Dengel], domin suna da manyan mutane duka a hannunsu. Wannan bayanin yana nuni ga ikon da Eleni ke amfani da shi.

Mulki

Fahimtar karuwar barazanar da Habasha ta fuskanta daga fadada tasirin Ottoman a yankin, tare da shawara na Pero da Covilhã, ya aika Mateus (wanda aka fi sani da Matthew the Armenian) a matsayin jakada ga Sarkin Portugal da Paparoma a Roma. A bayyane yake, Portuguese sun fahimci yanayin aikin Matheus ne kawai bayan sun isa Habasha, wanda ya rikitar da manufar D. Rodrigo da Lima ga Sarkin Habasha . Eleni ya yi aiki a matsayin babban mai mulki na Lebna Dengel, tare da mahaifiyarsa, Dowager Empress Na'od Mogassa, da Ras Degelhan na Gojjam, babban dangin sarki.

Alvares ya kuma lura cewa Eleni ya mallaki gidaje masu yawa a lardin Gojjam . Wasu kuma sun ce “ta cika cikin kowane abu: a gaban Allah ta wurin aikata adalci, da bangaskiya mai ƙarfi, ta wurin yin addu’a, da karɓar tarayya mai-tsarki; a cikin yanayin duniya, ta cim ma wajen shirya abinci [na teburin sarauta], da sanin littattafai, da sanin shari’a, da fahimtar al’amuran ƙasa. Domin waɗannan halayen, Sarkin yana ƙaunar Sarauniya Eléni sosai. Ya dauke ta kamar mahaifiyarsa'.

Mutuwa

Ranar mutuwar Eleni ba ta da tabbas. Duk da haka, Henze ta bayyana cewa ta mutu a cikin shekaru masu girma a cikin 1520s, da Beckingham da Huntingford sun tabbatar da haka ta hanyar jayayya cewa shaidun da ke cikin asusun Álvares sun ba da cikakkun bayanai don ranar mutuwarta zuwa Afrilu, 1522. Alvares ya bayyana karara cewa ta rasu ne a lokacin da yake kasar Habasha, inda ya kara da cewa mutuwarta ya kasance sanadin bakin ciki daga al’ummarta: