Emeka Anyaoku

Emeka Anyaoku
3. Commonwealth Secretary-General (en) 1 ga Yuli, 1990 - 31 ga Maris, 2000 ← Shridath Ramphal (en) - Don McKinnon (en) → Commonwealth Deputy Secretary-General (en) 1983 - 1 ga Yuli, 1990 Ministan harkan kasan waje Najeriya 1983 - 1983 ← Ishaya Audu - Ibrahim Gambari → Permanent Representative of Nigeria to the United Nations (en) ambassador (en)
Rayuwa
Haihuwa	Obosi, 18 ga Janairu, 1933 (93 shekaru)
ƙasa	Najeriya
Ƙabila	Tarihin Mutanen Ibo
Harshen uwa	Harshen, Ibo
Karatu
Makaranta	University of London (en) Jami'ar Ibadan
Harsuna	Turanci Harshen, Ibo Pidgin na Najeriya
Sana'a
Sana'a	Mai wanzar da zaman lafiya, ɗan siyasa da minista
Kyaututtuka	gani Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order Livingstone Medal doctor honoris causa : The Open University (mul)  (6 Oktoba 2003)
Mamba	Club of Rome (en)

Chief Emeka Anyaoku (an haife shi ranar 18 ga Janairun 1933) jami’in diflomasiyyar Najeriya ne. Ya kasance Sakatare Janar na uku na ƙungiyar Commonwealth. An haife shi ne a garin Obosi, kuma ya yi karatu a Makarantar Merchants of Light da ke Oba. Daga baya ya halarci Kwalejin Jami’a ta Ibadan, wadda a lokacin take ƙarƙashin University of London, inda ya samu digiri na girmamawa a fannin Classics a matsayin ɗalibin da ya samu tallafin kwaleji.

Baya ga aikinsa na ƙasa da ƙasa a fannin diflomasiyya, Chief Anyaoku na ci gaba da gudanar da alhakin sarautarsa ta gargajiya a matsayin '''Ichie Adazie na Obosi''', ɗaya daga cikin manyan sarakunan gargajiya na tsarin '''Ndichie''' a garin Obosi.

Tarihin iyali

An haifi '''Eleazar Chukwuemeka “Emeka” Anyaoku''' ranar 18 ga Janairun shekarar 1933 ga iyayensa Emmanuel da Cecilia Anyaoku a garin Obosi, wanda a lokacin yake ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƙauyuka a yankin gabashin Najeriya.

Mahaifinsa, '''Emmanuel Chukwuemeka Anyaoku''', ya samu ilimi har matakin makarantar tsakiya bayan ya kammala firamare a makarantar CMS da ke Onitsha ƙarƙashin kulawar Reverend William Blackett, wani mishan na Kirista. Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya fara aiki a hukumar jiragen ƙasa, sannan daga baya ya yi aiki a wani asibiti da ke Kaduna a Arewacin Najeriya kafin ya zama malamin addinin Kirista (catechist).

Bayan ya yi shekaru yana wannan hidima, ya koma garinsu domin gudanar da noma. Daga baya kuma ya zama '''Ononukpo''' (shugaba) na Okpuno Ire, wani yanki da ke cikin Ire, mafi girman ƙauyen Obosi.

'''Cecilia Anyaoku''', wadda sunanta na haihuwa shi ne '''Adiba Ogbogu''', Emmanuel ya aura a matsayin matarsa ta biyu bayan ya dawo daga Kaduna sakamakon rasuwar matarsa ta farko. Cecilia ta fito ne daga wani iyali da ke unguwar Ugamuma a garin Obosi.

Ta taso ne a gidan Reverend Ekpunobi, wanda yake mai kula da ita kuma ɗan ƙasar Obosi na farko da aka naɗa a matsayin limamin Anglican. A wancan lokaci ana kallonsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mutanen da suka fi wayewa da ilimi a cikin al’umma. Cecilia ta zauna tare da iyalin Ekpunobi a matsayin riƙaƙƙiya.

Bayan Reverend Ekpunobi ya samu labarin mutuwar matar Emmanuel, sai ya gayyace shi zuwa gidansa, daga baya kuma ya rinjayi Emmanuel da Adiba su yi aure. Ɗansu na farko mace ce, amma ba ta rayu ba. Bayan haka ne aka haifi Emeka, wanda yake da ’yan’uwa guda biyar.

Ilimi

Lokacin da Emeka Anyaoku yake da shekara bakwai, an aika shi ya zauna tare da ƙanin mahaifinsa guda ɗaya, Egwuenu Anyaoku, a Umuahia domin fara karatunsa a wata makaranta da ke yankin karkara sosai. A wancan lokaci, mafi girman ajin da makarantar ke da shi shi ne aji na huɗu (standard four). Tsarin mulkin mallaka na lokacin bai cika ƙarfafa ɗalibai su wuce matakin standard four ko standard six ba.

Da yake da shekara goma a shekarar 1943, an tura Emeka ya zauna tare da ɗan’uwan mahaifinsa, Nathaniel Enwezor, wanda yake shugaban makarantar CMS Central School da ke Agbor, mai tazarar kusan kilomita 75 daga Obosi.

Domin samun ilimin sakandarensa, matashin Emeka Anyaoku ya halarci makarantar '''Merchants of Light School (MOLS)''' da ke Oba. Makarantar kwana ce wadda wani abokin mahaifinsa, Dr. Enoch Oli, ya kafa. Dr. Oli ƙwararren masani ne a fannin ilimi daga Najeriya wanda ya samu horo a biranen Landan da Oxford na ƙasar Birtaniya.

A lokacin karatunsa, Mista Oli ya koyar da Emeka da sauran ɗalibai muhimmancin ƙwazo wajen aiki, kyawawan ɗabi’u da kuma kyakkyawar mu’amala tsakanin jama’a.

A wannan muhimmin lokaci na tasowarsa, Emeka Anyaoku ya fara bayyana a matsayin matashi mai hazaka da ƙwazo na musamman. A garinsu na Obosi, musamman a lokutan hutun Ista da Kirsimeti lokacin da ɗalibai ke dawowa gida, ɗaya daga cikin abokan zamansa, Chief Godfrey Eneli, ya tuna cewa suna shirya muhawarori da sauran ayyukan ɗalibai ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar '''Obosi Students Association'''.

A cewar Eneli, Anyaoku ya riga ya nuna alamun jagoranci tun yana matashi. Ya ce:

“Tun a wancan lokaci na fahimci cewa zai zama shugaba, domin hakan yana bayyana a duk lokacin da muka dawo gida hutun makaranta.”

Ya ƙara da cewa:

“Mun kasance muna kiransa da suna ‘lawyer’ saboda yawan muhawararsa da kuma yadda yake amfani da hujja da tunani mai ma’ana wajen tunkarar kowace magana. Hikimarsa da yadda yake gabatar da hujjoji kan rinjayi tunaninmu a duk tattaunawar da muka yi.”

Wani daga cikin tsaransa, S. I. Metu, abokin aji wanda daga baya ya zama babban ma'aikacin banki da ma'aikaci na gwamnati, ya yaba da kwarewarsa ta hulɗa. Ya ce game da Anyaoku, "ɗaya daga cikin shahararrunsa shine cewa shi mai haɗawa ne mai kyau, kusan ba shi da abokan gaba saboda abokantaka ta gaba ɗaya..... daga duk abin da muka sani yanzu game da Mista Anyaoku, a bayyane yake cewa an ƙaddara shi ya zama diflomasiyya, saboda yana da duk abubuwan da ya yi - basira, abokantaka, ikon samun abubuwa ba tare da ɓata wa kowa ba" Metuoku kuma tunatar da Anya a matsayin ɗalibi mai karatu sosai a Makarantar Kasuwancin Haske. Ya ce, "Anyaoku ba zai iya ajiye wani lokaci ba don wasa - koyaushe yana karatu ko aiki a kan wani abu. Ko kuma a wasu lokuta, lokacin da ya gaji kuma yana so ya huta, zai yi wasu ba'a masu tsanani kuma kowa zai yi dariya. " Anyaoku na daga cikin na biyu na yara maza 60. Lokacin da suka zauna don jarrabawar Takardar shaidar Makarantar Cambridge, ya ɗauki batutuwa 10 kuma ya sami nasarar shiga makarantar farko, matakin mafi girma.

Bayan karatunsa na sakandare, Anyaoku a 1952 ya ci gaba da koyarwa a Kwalejin Emmanuel, Owerri a yankin Gabas na lokacin, ya kasance a can har zuwa tsakiyar 1954 yana koyar da lissafi, Latin da Ingilishi.

Ɗaya daga cikin malamansa a MOLS ya kunna masa sha'awar Classics. Malamin Latin ya yi wahayi zuwa gare shi da ƙauna ga harsuna, dokoki da al'adun Helenawa da Romawa na dā, da kuma tushen gargajiya na harshen Ingilishi. Anyaoku ya yanke shawarar zuwa ya yi nazarin Classics a sabon Kwalejin Jami'ar Ibadan, babbar cibiyar irin ta a kasar, wacce aka kafa a 1948 a matsayin kwalejin kasashen waje na Jami'ar London.

A tsakiyar shekarun 1950 lokacin da Anyaoku ke karatun digiri a Kwalejin Jami'ar, Ibadan, ƙasar Najeriya ta shiga cikin muhawara, tattaunawa da zanga-zangar kan makomar siyasa ta ƙasar. Akwai rikice-rikice game da lokacin da Najeriya ta sami 'yancin kai daga Burtaniya da kuma irin tsarin siyasa da ya kamata ta nemi' yancin kai ko a matsayin jihar hadin kai ko tarayya. Birnin Ibadan yana daya daga cikin manyan cibiyoyin waɗannan muhawara. Kuma Kwalejin Jami'ar, wacce ta haɗu da ɗalibai masu basira, malamai da 'yan siyasa daga sassa daban-daban na ƙasar, ta zama cibiyar abin da aka bayyana a matsayin tsattsauran ra'ayi na ƙasa.

Anyaoku ya kasance a cikin wannan a matsayin shugaban ƙungiyar ɗalibai. Shi tare da masu kama da juna a cikin jagorancin ƙungiyar sun yi kamfen don goyon bayan jihar hadin kai, a kan tarayyar tarayya. Sun aika da korafe-korafe da wakilai ga manyan shugabannin siyasa guda uku a kasar a lokacin, Dokta Nnamdi Azikiwe a yankin Gabashin kasar, Cif Obafemi Awolowo a Yamma, da Sardauna na Sokoto, Sir Ahmadu Bello a yankin Arewa.

Anyaoku a 1959 ya sami digiri na girmamawa na Jami'ar London a cikin gargajiya a matsayin masanin kwaleji kuma ya shiga Kamfanin Ci Gaban Commonwealth (CDC) a Legas. Kamfanin ya tura shi a matsayin Babban Mai horar da shi zuwa hedikwatar CDC a London daga inda ya tafi darasi a Royal Institute for Public Administration a London. A ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1960, Birtaniya ta ba Najeriya 'yancin kai. Kuma Anyaoku an mayar da shi ofishin yankin CDC na Yammacin Afirka a Legas a ƙarshen Disamba 1960.

Aure

A watan Disamba na shekara ta 1961, Anyaoku sannan Babban Jami'in CDC ya sadu da wata yarinya mai shekaru 20 mai suna Yoruba, Gimbiya Ebunola Olubunmi Solanke, a wani biki na maraice wanda shi da abokin aikinsa suka shirya wa abokinsu a Legas. Yarima, wacce aka fi sani da karamin "Bunmi", ta sami ilimi a Ingila a makarantar kwana ta mata ta Kirista, St. Mary's School a Hastings . Daga baya ta halarci Kwalejin Pitman, London. Emeka da Bunmi sun yi aure a Cocin Anglican Cathedral a Legas a ranar 10 ga Nuwamba 1962.

Ayyuka

A shekara ta 1959, Emeka Anyaoku ta shiga Kamfanin Ci Gaban Commonwealth . A farkon 1962, Anyaoku ya sadu da Firayim Minista na Najeriya na lokacin, Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa . Ya bi shugabansa mai ziyara, Lord Howick, Shugaban Kamfanin Ci Gaban Commonwealth, zuwa ganawa da Firayim Minista kan ayyukan kamfanin a Najeriya da yankin Yammacin Afirka. Firayim Minista, ya burge shi da amsoshin Anyaoku ga wasu tambayoyinsa game da ayyukan da CDC ke tallafawa a Yammacin Afirka, ya nuna sha'awar makomar Anyaoku kuma ya shawo kansa ya yi la'akari da shiga Ofishin Harkokin Waje na Najeriya. Bayan wata hira mai wahala da Hukumar Kula da Harkokin Jama'a ta Tarayya ta yi, an ba shi alƙawari a Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje a watan Afrilun 1962. A cikin wata daya da ya shiga, an nada shi Mataimakin Mutum ga Babban Sakataren Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje. A can ya shiga cikin tsari wanda ya haifar da kafa kungiyar hadin kan Afirka (OAU) a watan Mayu 1963. Bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya, ya shiga aikin diflomasiyya na Najeriya, kuma a 1963 an tura shi zuwa Ofishin Jakadancin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a New York.

A shekarar 1966, ya shiga Sakatariyar Commonwealth a matsayin Mataimakin Darakta na Harkokin Kasa da Kasa. A cikin 1968-69 akwai kamfen da gwamnatin soja ta Najeriya ta yi don tunatar da Anyaoku; wanda ya ce shi ba dan takarar Najeriya ne mai dacewa ba, kuma suna damuwa game da amincinsa "ga ƙasar da aka haife shi". Amma "Emeka ta yi murabus daga Ofishin Harkokin Waje na Najeriya kuma Arnold ba shi da matsala wajen karkatar da bukatar".

A shekara ta 1977, Shugabannin Gwamnati na Commonwealth sun zabe shi a matsayin Mataimakin Sakatare Janar. A shekara ta 1983, gwamnatin farar hula ta Najeriya ta nada Anyaoku ya zama Ministan Harkokin Waje na Najeriya. Bayan da sojoji suka hambarar da gwamnati daga baya a wannan shekarar, ya koma matsayinsa na Mataimakin Sakatare Janar tare da goyon bayan sabuwar gwamnati a Najeriya da amincewar dukkan gwamnatocin Commonwealth.

A Taron Shugabannin Gwamnati na Commonwealth a Kuala Lumpur a ranar 24 ga Oktoba 1989, an zabi Anyaoku a matsayin Sakatare Janar na uku na Commonwealth. An sake zabarsa a 1993 CHOGM a Limassol don wa'adin shekaru biyar na biyu, wanda ya fara a ranar 1 ga Afrilu 1995.

Majalisar Dinkin Duniya

A watan Yulin 1963, yana da shekaru 30, an tura shi zuwa Ofishin Jakadancin Najeriya a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a New York. An haifi ɗansa na farko, Adiba, a asibitin New York Lying-In a ranar 20 ga Nuwamba 1963, kwana biyu kafin a kashe Shugaba John F. Kennedy na Amurka. Bayan 'yan makonni da suka gabata, Najeriya ta zama Jamhuriyar, tare da Nnamdi Azikiwe a matsayin Shugaban farko. A matsayinsa na aiki a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Anyaoku a matsayin wakilin Najeriya a kwamitin musamman na Majalisar Dinkinobho kan wariyar launin fata ya tsara ƙuduri - wanda Najeriya ta gabatar wa Majalisar Dinkin duniya a 1965 - wanda ya kafa asusun amincewa don ba da damar gwamnatoci su ba da gudummawa ga kare fursunonin siyasa a Afirka ta Kudu.

Ya shiga cikin rikicin da gwamnatin Ian Smith ta haifar a Rhodesia" id="mw8w" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Southern Rhodesia">Kudancin Rhodesia a Kudanci na Afirka, wanda ya sanar da sanarwar Independence (UDI) ta Rhodesia daga Burtaniya. Anyaoku ya yi magana a dandamali daban-daban don yin Allah wadai da wannan ci gaba. Ya kasance a lokacin daya daga cikin wadannan lokuta ne labarin juyin mulkin soja na farko na Najeriya a ranar 15 ga Janairun 1966 ya kai masa. Firayim Minista, Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, Firayim Ministan Yankin Arewa, Sir Ahmadu Bello, da wasu shugabannin jihar bayan samun 'yancin kai an kashe su a lokacin juyin mulkin. Wannan juyin mulkin ya faru ne kwana daya bayan Firayim Minista ya karbi bakuncin wasu shugabannin Commonwealth ciki har da sabon Sakatare Janar, Arnold Smith, zuwa wani taro a Legas inda suka tattauna batun Rhodesia.

Shekaru na Commonwealth

A watan Yulin 1965 an aiwatar da shawarar da Shugabannin Gwamnatin Commonwealth suka yanke na kafa Sakatariyar Commonwealth tare da nadin wani fitaccen jami'in diflomasiyyar Kanada, Arnold Smith a matsayin Sakatare Janar na farko na Commonwealth. Sakatare Janar yana cikin aiwatar da tara ƙungiya mai yawa, mai al'adu da yawa a cikin sabon Sakatariyar.

A ziyarar da ya kai Najeriya a watan Nuwamba 1965, Smith ya sadu kuma ya gaya wa Firayim Minista, Sir Tafawa Balewa a gaban Ministan Harkokin Waje na Najeriya na lokacin da kuma Sakatare na Dindindin, cewa yana neman wani matashi jami'in ma'aikatar harkokin waje na Najeriya wanda zai "taimaka masa ya yi wauta game da tatsuniyoyin wariyar launin fata". Bayan Smith ya tafi, Firayim Ministan ya nemi Ma'aikatun Harkokin Wajen ta ba shi sunaye uku da za su gamsar da bukatar Sakatare Janar. Anyaoku na daga cikin sunaye uku da aka ba da shawarar kuma Firayim Minista ya zaba shi don turawa zuwa sabon Sakatariyar Commonwealth. Lokacin da ya isa Sakatariyar a Landan a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1966, Anyaoku ya yi matukar sha'awar yadda Sakatare Janar, Arnold Smith ke kula da batun Rhodesia UDI. An sanya shi Mataimakin Darakta na Harkokin Kasa da Kasa wanda daga baya ya zama Sashen Harkokin Siyasa. Babban aikinsa na farko shi ne ya zama Sakataren Kwamitin Bincike wanda Sakatare Janar ya kafa tare da amincewar Shugabannin Gwamnati don sake duba duk cibiyoyin gwamnati na Commonwealth da ke akwai don tantance abin da ya kamata a haɗa shi cikin sabon Sakatariyar Commonwealth da aka kafa.

A watan Yulin 1967, yakin basasar Najeriya ya barke. A wannan lokacin, shi da matarsa sun shirya abincin rana da yawa a gidansu na London ga wakilan Najeriya da Biafran a tattaunawar zaman lafiya da Sakatare Janar, Arnold Smith ya shirya. A tsakiyar tattaunawar, ya gaya wa Sakatare Janar cewa yana shirye ya tafi gida don yin magana da shugaban Biafra, Emeka Ojukwu game da shawarwarin zaman lafiya na Sakatare janar ga jam'iyyun biyu masu yaƙi. Shi da Ojukwu sun kasance abokai tun suna yara. Smith ya yi la'akari da shi a matsayin mai haɗari sosai amma ya bar Anyaoku ya tafi. Lokacin da yake tafiya, ɗansa na uku, Obi, wanda ke da kimanin watanni uku, yana da rashin lafiya sosai a asibiti. Likitoci sun damu da cewa bazai tsira daga cutar ba. Lokacin da ya gaya wa matarsa, Bunmi, cewa dole ne ya yi tafiya, sai ta yi mamakin rashin jin dadinsa ga yanayin ɗansu. Anyaoku ya gaya mata, "akwai wasu da yawa a cikin mummunar yanayi, suna mutuwa kowace rana, a Biafra".

Anyaoku ya tafi a cikin jirgin Red Cross zuwa Najeriya ta hanyar Amsterdam da Sao Tome . Kashegari bayan isowarsa a yankin Biafran, ya sami mummunar gogewar harin bam a lokacin da ya nutse tare da abokan hulɗarsa biyu a Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje ta Biafran a ƙarƙashin teburin. Daga bisani ya gamu da Ojukwu a cikin bunker dinsa a hedkwatarsa. Kuma lokacin da ya bar Biafra, bayan ya ga wasu daga cikin danginsa, ya sami hanyar fita a cikin jirgin da ke fitar da yara. Jirgin sama ne ba tare da kujeru ba, wanda ya tashi daga Uli zuwa Gabon.

Anyaoku ya ci gaba da shiga cikin shirye-shiryen Commonwealth da shawarwari daban-daban, kamar su raba gardama na Gibraltar na 1967, rikicin tsarin mulki na St Kitts-Nevis-Anguilla na 1969 zuwa 1970, matsalolin da suka biyo bayan kauracewa wasannin Commonwealth a cikin shekarun 1980 da kuma tsarin da ya haifar da zaman lafiya da dimokuradiyya a Zimbabwe, Namibia kuma musamman, Afirka ta Kudu

Ya kuma hau kan tsani a cikin Sakatariyar Commonwealth. Ya zama Darakta na Sashen Harkokin Kasa da Kasa a 1971 kuma a 1975 ya hau matsayin Mataimakin Sakatare Janar. A shekara ta 1977, Gwamnatocin Commonwealth sun zabe shi mataimakin sakatare-janar tare da alhakin harkokin kasa da kasa da kuma gwamnatin sakatariyar.

A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1983, ya yi murabus daga mukaminsa kuma ya koma Najeriya a gayyatar Shugaban kasa Shehu Shagari ya yi aiki a matsayin ministan kasashen waje na kasar. A kan hambarar da gwamnati ta hanyar sojoji a ranar 31 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 1983, ya koma tare da goyon bayan gwamnatocin Commonwealth zuwa matsayinsa na baya a matsayin Mataimakin Sakatare Janar. A shekara ta 1989, a taron da suka yi a Kuala-lumpur Shugabannin Gwamnati na Commonwealth sun zabe shi Sakatare Janar na uku na Commonwealth. An sake zabarsa a taron shugabannin gwamnati na Limassol na 1993 na karo na biyu na shekaru biyar.

Baya ga yin ƙoƙari don ƙarfafa dangantakar da ke cikin Commonwealth da inganta dimokuradiyya da kyakkyawan shugabanci, ɗayan manyan ayyukan da ya yi a lokacin mulkinsa shine kafa dimokuradiya a Afirka ta Kudu. Ya yi kira ba tare da gajiyawa ba kuma ya yi magana game da gwagwarmayar kawar da wariyar launin fata a Afirka ta Kudu. A cikin 1990, a lokacin da aka saki tsohon shugaban kasar Nelson Mandela daga gidan yarin Pollsmoor, Anyaoku ta dauki bakuncin Madiba zuwa abincin dare na farko a matsayin Sakatare Janar na Commonwealth a London. Tsakanin 1 ga Nuwamba 1991 da 17 ga Nuwamba 1993, ya ziyarci Afirka ta Kudu sau 11, ta amfani da kwarewarsa ta diflomasiyya don taimakawa wajen karya rikice-rikice a cikin tsarin tattaunawar da ya kawo ƙarshen wariyar launin fata a Afirka ta Kudu.

A shekara ta 1998, don nuna godiya ga gudummawar Anyaoku ga sauyawa a Afirka ta Kudu, da kuma yadda ya goyi bayan dalilin ci gaba a Kudancin Afirka, Shugaban Afirka ta Kudu ya ba shi girmamawa mai ban sha'awa na yin magana da zaman hadin gwiwa na Majalisar Afirka ta Kudu. Shugaba Nelson Mandela ya rubuta gabatarwar tarihin Anyaoku, Eye of Fire, wanda Phyllis Johnson ta rubuta, da kuma tarihin Anyaoku.

Anyaoku ta shiga cikin sauye-sauye da yawa don daidaita zaman lafiya tsakanin shugabannin Commonwealth da jam'iyyun adawa a kasashensu. Ya kuma fara amfani da Ƙungiyoyin masu sa ido na Commonwealth don taimakawa zabe a kasashe daban-daban. Baya ga yin tasiri mai fa'ida a kan tsarin zabe, kasancewar masu sa ido na Commonwealth ya sauƙaƙa ga jam'iyyun da suka rasa su yarda da sakamakon, idan masu sa ido da Commonwealth suka yanke hukuncin zaben ya zama kyauta da adalci. A cikin shekaru goma da ya yi a matsayin Sakatare Janar, ya aika da kungiyoyi masu lura da zabe 51 zuwa kasashe daban-daban na Commonwealth.

Da farko tare da Shugaba Kaunda a shekarar 1991, ya shiga tsakani don taimakawa Zambia da sauran kasashe da dama na Commonwealth don wucewa daga jihar daya ko mulkin soja zuwa mulkin demokraɗiyya na jam'iyya da yawa. Misali, a cikin wannan shekarar, ya shawo kan Shugaba Arap Ni na Kenya don samun gwani na tsarin mulki ya zo ya taimaka wa kasar ta sake duba kundin tsarin mulkinta don daidaita shi da bukatun dimokuradiyya na jam'iyyun siyasa da yawa kuma daga baya a farkon 1992, ya shawo kansa ga shugabannin jam'iyyu uku da suka ki amincewa da sakamakon zaben shugaban kasa don karɓar shi ta haka ya ceci kasar daga mummunar rikicin siyasa.

Wadannan shiga tsakani ba a iyakance su a Afirka ba. Shiga da hannu a Bangladesh wani misali ne wanda ya bukaci lokaci da haƙuri mai yawa. Shugabannin siyasa biyu na kasar sune Begum Zia da Sheikh Hasina . Begum Zia ta zama Firayim Minista bayan kisan mijinta wanda shine Firayim Ministan. Shugaban jam'iyyar adawa, Sheikh Hasina, 'yar Sheik Abdul Rahman ce, Firayim Minista na farko na Bangladesh mai zaman kanta wanda aka kashe shi tare da dukan iyalinsa ban da 'yar Hasina a juyin mulkin soja. Hasina ta yi sa'a ta fita daga kasar a wannan daren mai ban mamaki. Anyaoku ya shawo kan shugabannin biyu su yarda da shawararsa na aika da kwararren wakilin ya zo Bangladesh don gudanar da tattaunawa da Firayim Minista, Begum Zia da shugaban adawa Sheik Hasina tare da neman tsari don daidaitawa tsakanin jam'iyyun su biyu. Anyaoku saboda haka ya aika a matsayin wakilin sa na musamman, Sir Ninian Steven, tsohon Gwamna Janar na Australiya, wanda ya kwashe makonni a Dhaka yana ba da zaman lafiya tsakanin gwamnati da jam'iyyun adawa.

Ya kuma shiga tsakani a Pakistan a lokacin da ake iya haifar da rashin jituwa tsakanin Shugaban kasar na lokacin, Mista Farooq Leghari da Firayim Minista, Nawaz Sharif .

Mafi ƙalubale daga cikin abubuwan da ya shiga tsakani shine rikicin da ya faru a ƙasarsa Najeriya wanda ya biyo bayan soke zaben shugaban kasa na 12 12 Yuni 1993 da gwamnatin soja ta Janar Ibrahim Babangida ta lokacin ta yi. Cif Moshood Abiola ne ya lashe zaben. A ranar da aka soke shi, Anyaoku ya fitar da wata sanarwa mai ƙarfi, yana mai cewa sokewar "babban koma baya ne ga manufar dimokuradiyya, musamman a lokacin da dukkan gwamnatocin Commonwealth suka yi alkawarin inganta mulkin dimokuradiya a kasashensu"; ya kira shi "abin takaici" ga duk waɗanda ke sa ran ɗaukar ofishin gwamnatin da aka zaba ta hanyar dimokuradiyar a Najeriya.

Anyaoku yana da matsala mai tsanani lokacin da Babangida "ya bar" kuma Janar Sani Abacha bayan 'yan watanni na yarjejeniyar da ake kira Gwamnatin wucin gadi ta karɓi gwamnatin ƙasar a juyin mulkin soja a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 1993. Abacha ya kafa karin matakan da suka fi tsanani. Ya kama kuma ya daure wanda ake zaton ya lashe zaben 12 ga Yuni 1993, Abiola . Kuma kasar ta shiga cikin babban rikici tare da yajin aiki da zanga-zangar jama'a da ke faruwa a ko'ina.

Abacha ya kara tsananta rikicin ta hanyar kamawa, tsarewa da kuma gabatar da Ken Saro-Wiwa da sauran masu gwagwarmayar Ogoni a kan zargin shiga cikin kisan shugabannin Ogoni guda hudu wadanda suka yi adawa da hanyar kamfen din su. Daga baya a watan Maris na shekara ta 1995, gwamnatin Abacha ta yi zargin cewa an yi yunkurin juyin mulki a kanta. Masu kallo da yawa sun yi watsi da wannan a matsayin juyin mulki. Gwamnatin, duk da haka, ta fara kamawa da tsare da yawa daga cikin jami'ai da tsoffin jami'ai, ciki har da tsohon shugaban kasa, Janar Olusegun Obasanjo, da mataimakinsa na baya, Janar Shehu Musa Yar"Adua .

Kotun soja ce ta yi wa wadanda ake zargi da juyin mulki shari'a kuma an yanke musu hukunci daban-daban, tare da ba Obasanjo gidan yari na rai, yayin da aka yanke wa Yar'Adua hukuncin kisa. Anyaoku ya ci gaba da kamfen don warware rikicin cikin lumana ta hanyar aika sakonni ga Abacha da yin sanarwa a fili, ba tare da amfani ba. Batun ya zo ne lokacin da aka yanke wa Ken Saro-Wiwa da takwas daga cikin 'yan uwansa da ake tuhuma hukuncin kisa. Anyaoku ya yi kira ga Abacha da neman gafara ga masu fafutuka da aka hukunta. Wannan roko ya fadi a kunnuwan Abacha kuma daga ƙarshe ya kashe Ken Saro-Wiwa da abokan aikinsa a gaban taron shugabannin Commonwealth a Auckland, New Zealand, a watan Nuwamba 1995. A mayar da martani, shugabannin Commonwealth sun yanke shawarar dakatar da Najeriya daga membobinta na kungiyar.

A halin yanzu, Anyaoku ya nemi shiga Abacha cikin tattaunawar da aka yi da nufin warware rikicin siyasa a Najeriya. Anyaoku ya sadu da yarjejeniyar Abacha a watan Yulin 1995 tare da Abiola a tsare don tattauna shawararsa don tattaunawa tsakanin jam'iyyun biyu tare da manufar amincewa da shirye-shiryen karɓar sakamakon zaben shugaban kasa da aka soke. Yayinda Abiola a bangarensa ya yarda da shawarar, Abacha ya ƙi shi yana gaya wa Anyaoku cewa zai fi so ya nemi mafita game da rikicin ta hanyar taron kundin tsarin mulki da zai taru da shi.

Bayan mutuwar Abacha kwatsam a ranar 8 ga Yuni 1998, sabon mulkin soja a karkashin Janar Abdulsalami Abubakar ya zo don sauƙaƙe dawowar kasar cikin sauri zuwa ga rarraba dimokuradiyya. Anyaoku tare da tawagarsa ta Commonwealth sun ba da cikakken goyon baya ga wannan tsari, gami da musamman zaben kasa wanda ya samar da gwamnatin farar hula ta Shugaba Olusegun Obasanjo.

A cikin bin fifiko da ya bayyana tun daga farkon mulkinsa don sanya Commonwealth ta zama mai karfi don inganta dimokuradiyya da kyakkyawan shugabanci, Anyaoku a farkon 1997, ya shirya taron farko na shugabannin gwamnatin Commonwealth na Afirka don tattauna dimokuradiya da kyakkyawan shugabanni a nahiyar. Ya yi ritaya daga matsayinsa na Sakatare Janar na Commonwealth a ranar 31 ga Maris 2000.

A lokacin da ya yi ritaya, Jami'ar London ta kafa kujerar kwararru a Cibiyar Nazarin Commonwealth mai suna Emeka Anyaoku Farfesa na Nazarin Commonwealth. An kuma gayyace shi ya zama Babban Mai Ziyarci a Cibiyar Nazarin Gudanar da Duniya, Makarantar Tattalin Arziki ta London (2000-2002). An ba shi kyautar Freedom of the City of London a shekarar 1998 kuma ya karbi kayan ado daga Najeriya CFR da CON, da kuma mafi girman girmamawar farar hula na Kamaru, Lesotho, Madagascar, Namibia da Trinidad & Tobago's Trinity Cross (TC) da kuma girmamawa Knight Grand Cross na Royal Victorian Order (GCVO) daga Mai Girma, Sarauniya a shekara ta 2000. Ya kasance daya daga cikin hamsin, kuma daya daga cikin mutane ɗari waɗanda Gwamnatin Tarayya ta ba su lambobin zinare na musamman don gudummawa mai ban mamaki ga ci gaban ƙasar a cikin bukukuwan Jubilee na 'yancin kai na Najeriya a cikin 2010 da Centenary a cikin 2014 .

Emeka Anyaoku marubuciya ce da aka buga kuma yanzu tana da digiri na digiri na digiri 33 daga manyan jami'o'i a Burtaniya, Kanada, Ghana, Jamhuriyar Ireland, Najeriya, Afirka ta Kudu, Switzerland da Zimbabwe.

Anyaoku ya yi aiki a karkashin shugabanni uku da aka zaba ta hanyar dimokuradiyya a Najeriya a matsayin Shugaban Majalisar Ba da Shawara ta Shugaban kasa kan Harkokin Kasashen Duniya daga 2000 zuwa 2015. Shi tare da Kofi Annan sun taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen samun dukkan 'yan takarar shugaban kasa da jam'iyyun siyasa su sadaukar da kansu ga tsarin zabe ba tare da tashin hankali ba ta hanyar sanya hannu a watan Janairun Yarjejeniyar Abuja wacce ta tabbatar da zaben zaman lafiya da sauyawa zuwa sabon tsarin dimokuradiyya a Najeriya na Shugaba Muhammadu Buhari a watan Mayu 2015.

Matsayin da Cif Emeka Anyaoku ya yi aiki / har yanzu yana aiki sun haɗa da:

• 1975: Shugaba, Ofishin Jakadancin Commonwealth zuwa Mozambique
• 1979-90: memba na Cibiyar Ci Gaban Kasashen Waje a London.
• 1984-90: memba na Kwamitin Gudanarwa na Asusun Ajiye Yara
• 1992-: Mai Girma memba na Kungiyar Roma
• 1994-96: memba, Hukumar Duniya kan dazuzzukaHukumar Kula da dazuzzuka ta Duniya
• 2000-06: Shugaban kasa, Royal Commonwealth Society
• 2000-ya zuwa yanzu: Shugaban, Royal African Society
• 2001-ya zuwa yanzu: memba, Ƙungiyar Mashahuran Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don taimakawa ci gaba da manufofin Taron Duniya na Yaki da wariyar launin fata
• 2002-09: Shugaba, Asusun Duniya na Yanayi, WWF
• 2004-05: Shugaban, Kwamitin Sakatare Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan goyon bayan kasa da kasa ga Ci gaban Afirka (NEPAD)
• 2002-10: memba na Kwamitin Gudanarwa na Cibiyar Kudancin a Geneva
• 2005-13: Mai kula da Gidan Tarihin Burtaniya
• 2000-15: Shugaban, Kwamitin Ba da Shawara na Shugaban kasa kan Harkokin Kasashen Duniya a Najeriya.
• 2013-yanzu: Shugaba, Metropolitan Club, Legas.

Rayuwa ta mutum

An kafa shi a cikin 1980 a matsayin Ichie Adazie na Obosi, Anyaoku ya ci gaba da cika ayyukan ofishin shugabancin Ndichie na gargajiya a Obosi. Ichie Anyaoku ta auri Gimbiya Bunmi Anyaoku tun 1962. Gimbiya Anyaoku 'yar Omoba ce ta Abeokuta, Najeriya . Game da aurensu, an rubuta shi a cikin Nigerian Sunday Times, sannan jaridar da ta fi yaduwa a kasar, cewa Suna da 'ya'ya hudu, Adiba; 'yarsu - lauya da ke aiki a kwamitin Old Mutual plc - da' ya'ya maza uku; Oluyemisi, Obiechina, da Emenike. Emeka tana da jikoki biyu, waɗanda aka haifa wa Adiba da mijinta; Irenne Ighodaro da Osita Ighodaro . A cikin 1990, shugabannin dukkan al'ummomi 19 na Idemili Clan a gidansa na Jihar Anambra sun ba Anyaoku girmamawa ta musamman ta hanyar saka masa hannun jari tare da taken Ugwumba Idemili . Matarsa, Bunmi, ita ma shugaba ce - Ugoma Obosi da Idemili - a cikin haƙƙinta, tare da dogon lokaci a cikin aikin jin dadin Najeriya da Commonwealth.

A matsayin wani ɓangare na bikin ranar haihuwarsa ta 91 a ranar 18 ga Janairun 2024, Anyaoku ya bayyana Cibiyar Emeka da Bunmi Anyaoku a Obosi, garinsu. Cibiyar tana da ɗakin karatu da gidan kayan gargajiya da ya gina a garin a matsayin gudummawar da ya bayar ga ilimi, aikin dimokuradiyya da haƙƙin ɗan adam. Tarin da ke cikin gidan kayan gargajiya sun haɗa da kayan tarihi na al'adu daga ko'ina cikin Najeriya, sauran ƙasashen Commonwealth da Afirka yayin da ɗakin karatu yana da takardunsa na sirri daga kwanakinsa a matsayin Sakatare Janar na Commonwealth of Nations da littattafai da sauran albarkatun ilimi.

Emeka Anyaoku dan Anglican ne, mahaifinsa ya tuba zuwa wannan bangaskiya. Ya rubuta cewa shi ne

Ya kuma kasance mataimakin shugaban kungiyar Royal Commonwealth Society .

Manazarta

Political offices
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