Emma Catalina Encinas Aguayo

Emma Catalina Encinas Aguayo
Rayuwa
Cikakken suna	Emma Catalina Francisca Guadalupe Encinas Aguayo
Haihuwa	Madera Municipality (en) , 24 Oktoba 1909
ƙasa	Mexico
Harshen uwa	Yaren Sifen
Mutuwa	15 Nuwamba, 1990
Karatu
Harsuna	Yaren Sifen Turanci Faransanci Rashanci Portuguese language
Sana'a
Sana'a	Matukin jirgin sama, mai aikin fassara, Mai kare hakkin mata da suffragette (en)

Emma Catalina Encinas Aguayo (wanda aka fi sani da Emma Gutiérrez Suárez da Emma G. Suarez (1909-1990) ita ce macen Mexico ta farko da ta sami lasisin tuki a ƙasarta. Lokacin da ta daina tashi sama, ta zama mai fassara da fassara ga ofisoshin gwamnati da yawa kuma ta yi hidima ga shugaba Luis Echeverría da danginsa a matsayin fassarar hukuma. Ta kuma yi wa Majalisar Dinkin Duniya fassara kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin Darakta Janar na Alliance of Pan American Round Tables na shekaru masu yawa. Ita ce ta farko da aka karrama a matsayin Mace na Shekarar Pan American Alliance a 1967.

Rayuwar farko

An haifi Emma Catalina Francisca Guadalupe Encinas Aguayo a ranar 24 ga Oktoba 1909 a ƙauyen Mineral de Dolores (es), a cikin Madera Municipality, na Chihuahua, Mexico. A lokacin ƙuruciyarta, danginta sun gudu daga ƙasarsu ta asali saboda juyin juya halin Mexico kuma suka zauna a El Paso, Texas . Encinas ta halarci makarantar 'yan mata masu zaman kansu na tsawon shekaru bakwai sannan ta tafi Los Angeles, California . Ta yi karatu a Jami'ar California na tsawon shekara guda sannan ta karanci rawa, tana shiga cikin matakan da ake samarwa da allo. Encinas ya kasance a cikin ɗimbin fina-finai aƙalla biyu Rio Rita da Romance na Rio Grande . Bayan shekaru biyu na karatu, ta koma Chihuahua.

Sana'a

Encinas ta kafa makarantar rawa a Chihuahua kuma ta fara koyarwa, amma ta yi mafarkin koyon tukin jirgin sama. Abokiyar ta gabatar da ita ga Roberto Fierro Villalobos, wanda ya kirkiro makarantar jirgin sama ta farko a Mexico. Makarantar tana Chihuahua kuma Encinas ta yi amfani da kuɗin da take samu daga ɗakin raye-raye don biyan darussa. A daidai lokacin da ta ke shirin solo, an sake kiran Villalobos zuwa babban birnin kasar, kamar yadda a lokacin, yana aiki a matsayin shugaban Rundunar Sojan Sama na Farko na Sojojin Sama na Mexico . Ƙaddara, Encinas ya bi shi zuwa birnin Mexico, amma ya kasa shigar da shi a kowane makarantun jiragen sama saboda mace ce. A ƙarshe ta sake tuntuɓar Villalobos, wanda ya yarda ya horar da Encinas idan za ta iya samun izinin Janar Leobardo C. Ruiz. Ruiz ta ba da izinin koyarwarta kuma Encinas ta fara horar da ita a Balbuena Base (es) . Mahaifiyarta ta ba ta kuɗi don horarwar, amma Encinas ta biya kuɗin kanta, ta hanyar fassara mujallun jiragen sama da kuma ba da darussan Turanci ga wasu matukan jirgi. Ta kammala jarrabawarta ta tashi kan jirginta na solo a ranar 20 ga Nuwamba 1932 kuma ta karɓi lasisinta ba da daɗewa ba. A ranar 4 ga Disamba 1932, an ba da lasisin #54 na Mexico ga Encinas a matsayin mace ta farko da ta samu lasisi a matsayin matukin jirgi a ƙasar.

Encinas ya zama ma'aikacin jirgin saman Mexico Aircorps, jiragen gwamnati masu tashi da ma jirgin shugaban kasa. Lokaci-lokaci ana ba ta damar yin tuƙi a kan maharan Corsair. Lokacin da ta yi aure, Encinas ya daina tashi kuma ya koma tare da mijinta, Dokta Gutiérrez Suárez, wanda likita ne zuwa Las Choapas, Veracruz . Ta yi aiki a matsayin malamin piano kuma mai koyar da ballet na ɗan lokaci. Sa'an nan ma'aurata suka koma Tehuantepec, inda ta mayar da hankalinta ga Alliance of Pan American Round Tables, ƙungiyar mata da aka kafa a 1916 don inganta haɗin gwiwa tsakanin mutanen da ke yammacin Hemisphere. Ta shiga ƙungiyar a cikin 1940s, ta zama Darakta na ƙasa na ƙungiyar ƙawancen Mexico a cikin 1950s kuma a cikin 1962 aka zaɓa a matsayin Darakta Janar. Lokacin da ta fara wa'adinta a matsayin shugabar ƙungiyar, akwai ƙungiyoyi 58 da ke da alaƙa, amma Gutiérrez Suárez ya fara ziyartar duk ƙasashen yankin don haɓaka membobinsu. A shekara ta 1966, ta ziyarci duka ƙasashe biyu na Amurka da ƙungiyoyi masu alaƙa sun girma zuwa teburi 92. A shekara ta 1966 a taron shekara-shekara, Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin sun amince cewa za su inganta mace ta shekara don gane matan da suka bi ka'idodin kungiyar kuma suka zama misali ga sauran membobin. Mai karɓa na farko shine Gutiérrez Suárez, wanda aka gane a cikin 1967.

Baya ga aikinta na Alliance, Gutiérrez Suárez ya sadaukar da kai don ƙarfafa mata kuma ya yi aiki don samun nasara a farkon shekarun 1950. A cikin 1953, ta yi aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da talabijin a birnin Mexico, tana samar da shirye-shiryen ilimantarwa don sanar da mata batutuwan da alhakinsu na masu jefa ƙuri'a. Gutiérrez Suárez ya rubuta labarai don yawancin lokuta a Mexico kuma an nuna shi a cikin Digest Reader da Asabar Maraice Post . Baya ga rubuce-rubucen nata, ta fassara kusan labarai, littattafai da litattafai 300 a kowace shekara yayin da ta ƙware cikin Ingilishi, Faransanci, Fotigal, Rashanci da Sipaniya. Ta yi aiki a cikin hulɗar jama'a tare da American Airlines a Mexico kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin mai fassara don kasuwanci da yawa, da kuma cibiyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a birnin Mexico. A cikin 1960s, ta yi aiki a matsayin mai fassara da fassara ga ofisoshin gwamnati da yawa, da kuma hidima ga dangin Echeverría. A cikin 1970s, ta zama mai fassara ga shugaba Luis Echeverría a lokacin wa'adinsa.

Mutuwa da gado

Encinas ya mutu a ranar 15 ga Nuwamba 1990. Shekaru biyu bayan mutuwarta, an saka wani bust ɗin da matan Pan American Round Tebur suka biya a filin jirgin saman Mexico City International Airport a cikin Gidan Jaruman Jirgin Sama na Duniya. Ana iya samun takaddun da suka danganci aikinta na Ƙungiyar Panamerican a Jami'ar Texas a Austin a cikin Nettie Lee Benson Latin American Collection don Alliance of Pan American Round Tables a karkashin sunan Emma G. Suarez.