Enriqueta Martí
|
| |
| Rayuwa | |
| Cikakken suna | Enriqueta Martí y Ripollés da Enriqueta Martí i Ripoll |
| Haihuwa |
Sant Feliu de Llobregat (en) |
| ƙasa | Ispaniya |
| Mutuwa | Barcelona, 12 Mayu 1913 |
| Makwanci |
Montjuïc Cemetery (en) |
| Yanayin mutuwa |
lynching (en) |
| Karatu | |
| Harsuna |
Yaren Sifen Catalan (en) |
| Sana'a | |
| Sana'a |
prostitute (en) |
| Sunan mahaifi | Vampira de Barcelona, Vampira del Raval da Vampira de la calle de Poniente |
Enriqueta Martí Ripollés (1868 [1] - 12 ga Mayu 1913) yar asalin Spain ce mai kisan kai, mai satar mutane, karuwa da kuma mai sayen yara. An kira ta "The Vampire of carrer Ponent", "The Vampiire of Barcelona" da "The Vempire of the Raval" a cikin manema labarai.[2]
Wasu masu bincike, duk da haka, sun tabbatar da cewa ba ta kasance mai kisan yara ba, amma mutum ne mai fama da rikice-rikicen hankali wanda kawai za'a iya tabbatar da shi da abin dogaro cewa ya sace yarinya ɗaya, Teresita Guitart. Sun kuma yi jayayya cewa ba za a iya nuna labarin baƙar fata da aka danganta da ita ba.[3]
Rayuwa ta farko
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haifi Enriqueta Martí a Sant Feliu de Llobregat a shekara ta 1868. [2] Yayinda take budurwa, Martí ta ƙaura daga garinsu zuwa Barcelona inda ta yi aiki a matsayin baiwa da kuma mai kula da yara; [2] nan da nan ta juya zuwa karuwanci, [1] kuma ta yi aiki ne a cikin gidan karuwai. [4] A shekara ta 1895 ta auri wani mai zane mai suna Juan Pujaló, amma auren ya gaza.[1] A cewar Pujaló, al'amuran Martí tare da wasu maza, halinta mara tabbas, da ci gaba da ziyararta zuwa gidajen da ba su da suna sun haifar da rabuwa.[4] Ma'aurata sun sulhunta kuma sun rabu kusan sau shida.[1] A lokacin da aka tsare Martí a 1912, an raba ma'auratan na tsawon shekaru biyar, kuma ba su da yara.
Tarihin rayuwa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A shekara ta 1909 Martí ta bude gidan karuwa nata, wanda ya ja hankalin wasu daga cikin masu arziki a Barcelona.[1] Wasu daga cikinsu suna da sha'awace-sha'awace na musamman waɗanda ta karɓa don kyauta. Wasu sun nuna sha'awar yara.[1] Don karɓar su, ta yi ado a matsayin matalauci a rana kuma tana yawan zuwa yankunan da suka fi talauci a cikin birni. Lokacin da ta haɗu da yara marasa aure sai ta sace su don karuwanci a cikin gidan karuwai.[1] Ta roƙe kuma ta shiga jerin burodi a masallatai don neman yara da aka fi watsi da su.[4] Da dare ta halarci El Liceu, Casino de la Arrabassada, da sauran wuraren da masu arziki na Barcelona suka taru suna ba da sabis a matsayin mai sayen yara.[4]
A daidai lokacin da take karuwanci yara, ita ma tana aikin boka . [5] Ta yi iƙirarin shan jinin yara na iya warkar da cutar tarin fuka, kuma ta ba da man shafawa da elixirs waɗanda za su iya dakatar da tsufa da kuma tsawaita rayuwa. Abubuwan da ta yi amfani da su wajen yin maganinta sun fito ne daga ragowar yaran da take kashewa, wadanda shekarunsu suka kai 5 zuwa 15. Ta yi amfani da kitse, jini, gashi, da ƙashi. [1] Saboda haka, ba ta samun matsala wajen zubar da wadanda abin ya shafa. Martí ya ba da salves, man shafawa, tacewa, poultices, da potions, musamman don magance tarin fuka, wanda aka firgita sosai a lokacin, da wasu cututtuka daban-daban da ba za a iya warkewa ba. Masu hannu da shuni sun biya makudan kudade don wadannan magunguna. [4]
A lokacin Makon Bala'i na 1909, an kama ta a gidanta a kan titin Minerva na Barcelona, tare da wani saurayi daga iyali mai arziki, kuma an zarge ta da gudanar da gidan karuwai wanda ke ba da sabis na jima'i daga yara.[4] Godiya ga lambobin sadarwa da ta yi da manyan al'ummomin Barcelona ta amfani da ayyukanta, ba a taɓa gwada ta ba.[1]
A cikin shekaru uku masu zuwa wasu yara da yawa sun ɓace, amma kamar yadda suka fito daga iyalai matalauta binciken 'yan sanda game da bacewarsu ba su da yawa.[1]
Ana zargin cewa ta yi garkuwa da dimbin yara sama da shekaru ashirin. [2] A ƙarshe an kama ta a wani gida a El Raval ; An sami ƙarin shaida a cikin gidaje a Barcelona inda ta zauna a baya. [6]
Masana binciken sun sami nasarar rarrabe jimlar yara goma sha biyu tare da ƙananan shaidu da suka iya dawowa. Duk da tuhuma, kuma saboda Martí ba ta lissafa ayyukanta ba, masana ba su da tabbacin ko ita ce mai kisan kai mafi muni a Spain. A bayyane yake cewa ta yi shekaru da yawa a Barcelona. Jama'a sun yi zargin cewa wani yana satar jarirai, kuma yara da yawa sun ɓace ba tare da wata alama ba wanda ke haifar da tsoro a tsakanin jama'a.
29 titin Yamma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
A ranar 10 ga Fabrairu 1912, ta sace wanda aka kashe na karshe: Teresita Guitart Congost.[4] Shekaru biyu birnin ya nemi ta kuma akwai babban fushin jama'a tunda hukumomi sun kasance masu matukar damuwa game da Yaran da suka ɓace.[1] Wata makwabciya mai tuhuma, Claudia Elías, ta sami hanyar Congost. A ranar 17 ga Fabrairu, Elías ta ga wata yarinya da gashi da aka yanke tana kallon daga taga na bene na farko a lamba 29 carrer Ponent (yanzu Carrer de Joaquin Costa). [7][1] Elías bai taba ganin yarinyar ba. Ta tambayi maƙwabcinta idan yarinyar nata ce amma maƙwabcin, wanda shine Martí, ya rufe taga ba tare da faɗi kalma ba. Elías ta ba da wannan, da kuma zargin da take yi cewa yarinyar Congost ce, tare da mai yin matashi a kan titi. Ta kuma gaya masa game da rayuwar ban mamaki da maƙwabcinta ke jagoranta. Mai yin mattress ya sanar da wakilin birni, Jose Asens, game da zargin Elías kuma shi, bi da bi, ya sanar da wannan ga shugaban brigade na Ribot.[8]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 Rauf 2015.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 "Enriqueta Martí – The Vampire of the Raval". Barcelona Lowdown. 2014-10-22. Retrieved 8 January 2016. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Lowdown" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Bizarro, David (22 January 2015). "La pobre Enriqueta: entrevista a Jordi Corominas". Número Cero (in Sifaniyanci). Archived from the original on 2 March 2018. Retrieved 21 April 2018.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Parker et al. 2014.
- ↑ "Enriqueta Martí – The Vampire of the Raval". Barcelona Lowdown. 22 October 2014. Retrieved 9 March 2019.
- ↑ "Enriqueta Martí - the Barcelona Vampire". Emadion. 5 November 2015. Retrieved 3 May 2019.
- ↑ "Enriqueta Martí – The Vampire of the Raval". Barcelona Lowdown. 2014-10-22. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedEl País2