Eric Eldred

Eldred a taron kwamitin Creative Commons a watan Mayu 2007.

Eric Eldred (an haife shi a shekara ta 1943) ɗan asalin Amurka ne mai ba da shawara game da karatu da rubutu kuma mai mallakar Edritch Press wanda ba a haɗa shi ba. Eldred ya kasance mai shigar da kara a cikin Eldred v. Ashcroft, karar da ta kalubalanci tsarin mulki na Dokar fadada haƙƙin mallaka ta Sonny Bono amma ta ɓace a Kotun Koli ta Amurka a 2003 tare da lauya Lawrence Lessig. Ya kafa Creative Commons kuma ya yi aiki a cikin kwamitin daraktocinsa.

An bayyana Eric Eldred a matsayin tsohon mai tsara shirye-shiryen kwamfuta da mai kula da tsarin, marubucin Boston, kuma masanin fasaha na New Hampshire. Shi masanin kimiyya ne mai zaman kansa kuma ya fara buga dukkan ayyukan Nathaniel Hawthorne a kan layi, tare da bincika ayyuka da yawa don Project Gutenberg da sauransu.

Tarihin rayuwa

Eldred ya girma a Florida, ya kammala karatu daga Jami'ar Harvard a 1966 (falsafa, karatun gaba ɗaya), sannan ya zama mai ƙin yarda da lamiri a lokacin Yaƙin Vietnam . An umarce shi da ya yi aiki na tsawon shekaru biyu a matsayin madadin sabis, a Babban Asibitin Massachusetts a Boston, inda ya kasance likitan numfashi da kuma babban masanin fasahar huhu har zuwa 1987. Bayan ya sayi kwamfuta ta Apple II a cikin 1980, ya kasance mai aiki a cikin kungiyoyin masu amfani da Apple kuma ya tafi Harvard Extension School (shirye-shirye da rubuce-rubucen fasaha, C.A.S. 1991). Daga nan ya yi aiki a matsayin injiniya a Apollo Computer (daga baya Hewlett-Packard), da Cahners Publishing a matsayin mai sharhi na fasaha da kuma jaridar mujallar kwamfuta, sannan ga Ayyukan Gwamnatin Wang a matsayin babban mai kula da tsarin Unix, kafin ya zama nakasassu daga raunin maimaitawa.

A lokacin 2004-05, ya zauna a cikin Intanet Bookmobile yana tafiya a Amurka yana ziyartar makarantu da ɗakunan karatu da abubuwan da suka faru na musamman don nuna wa masu karatu yadda za su buga littattafansu kyauta.

Eldred ta sake aure, tare da 'ya'ya mata uku.

Edritch Press

Eldritch Press wani shafin yanar gizo ne da ya riƙa wallafa ayyukan wasu da suka shiga cikin fili na jama’a (wato waɗanda ba su ƙarƙashin haƙƙin mallaka ba). Na tsawon wasu shekaru, Eldritch Press yana gudana a kan uwar garken Linux daga gidansa Eldred, amma yanzu yana kan Ibiblio kuma ba shi ne yake kula da shi ba. Babban fasalinsa shi ne gwaje-gwaje da siffofin HTML da haɗa zane-zane (tare da tabbatar da samun damar masu makanta) don littattafan kan layi waɗanda a baya yawanci suke cikin tsarin ASCII. Tun da ayyukan, da kuma abubuwan da Eldred ya ƙirƙira daga gare su, suna cikin fili na jama’a, kowa na iya amfani da su, ɗora su, da ƙirƙirar ƙarin ayyuka nasa ba tare da biyan kuɗi ko ambaton suna ba.

A shekara ta 2004, an hana Eldred izini a Walden Pond State Reservation don bugawa da ba da kyauta na Walden a ranar cika shekaru 150 da bugawa. A shekara ta 2005, Eldred ya dawo tare da izini, wanda aka samu tare da taimakon Cibiyar Berkman don Intanet da Al'umma a Makarantar Shari'a ta Harvard, don bugawa da ba da kwafin littafin, da kuma nuna wa masu karatu yadda za su buga kansu kuma su sake samun iko da al'adunsu.

Eldred v. Ashcroft

A cikin 1998, an zartar da Dokar fadada lokacin haƙƙin mallaka ta Sonny Bono, ta hana shirin Eldred na bincikawa da buga ayyukan da aka fara bugawa a Amurka bayan 1922. Daga baya ya zama babban mai shigar da kara a Eldred v. Ashcroft, karar da ta kalubalanci Tsarin mulki na wannan aikin, amma ya rasa a Kotun Koli ta Amurka a shekara ta 2003.