Es'kia Mphahlele

Es'kia Mphahlele
Rayuwa
Haihuwa	Pretoria, 17 Disamba 1919
ƙasa	Afirka ta kudu
Mazauni	Faris
Mutuwa	Lebowakgomo (en) , 27 Oktoba 2008
Karatu
Makaranta	University of Denver (en) 1968) doctorate (en) Adams College (en) Jami'ar Afirka ta Kudu St. Martin's School (en)
Matakin karatu	Bachelor of Arts (mul) Bachelor of Arts (Honours) (en) Master of Arts (en) doctorate (en)
Harsuna	Turanci
Sana'a
Sana'a	marubuci, university teacher (en) da ɗan jarida
Employers	Massachusetts Institute of Technology (en) Africa Today (en) University of Pennsylvania (mul) Orlando Secondary School (en) Jami'ar Ibadan Drum (en)  (1955 -  1957) Black Orpheus (en)  (1960 -  1964) Jami'ar Witwatersrand  (1983 -  1987)
Kyaututtuka	gani honorary doctor of the University of Pennsylvania  (1982) honorary doctor of Rhodes University  (1983) honorary doctorate of the University of Cape Town  (2003) honorary doctor of the University of Pretoria  (2004) French Order of Academic Palms  (1984) Crystal Award : World Economic Forum (mul)  (1998) Order of the Southern Cross : Nelson Mandela  (1998)
Ayyanawa daga	gani [[Nobel Prize in Literature (en) ]] (1968)
Sunan mahaifi	Bruno Esekie

Es'kia Mphahlele (17 Disamba 1919 - 27 ga watan Oktoba a shekara ta 2008) marubuci ne na Afirka ta Kudu, masanin ilimi, mai zane da kuma mai fafutuka wanda aka yi bikin a matsayin Uba na Humanism na Afirka kuma daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa wallafe-wallafen Afirka na zamani.

An ba shi sunan Ezekiel Mphahlele a lokacin haihuwa amma ya canza sunansa zuwa Es'kia a shekarar 1977. Tafiyarsa daga ƙuruciya a cikin ƙauyuka na Pretoria zuwa wani hoton wallafe-wallafen ya kasance odyssey a hankali da siyasa. A matsayinsa na marubuci, ya kawo abubuwan da ya samu a ciki da wajen Afirka ta Kudu don ya ci gaba da gajerun labaru, fiction, tarihin kansa da tarihi, yana bunkasa manufar bil'adama ta Afirka. Ya yi amfani da kwarewar baƙar fata a karkashin wariyar launin fata a Down Second Avenue (1959). Ya ba da labarin gwagwarmayarsa don samun ilimi da kuma matsalolin da ya samu a aikin koyarwarsa.

Mphahlele ya rubuta tarihin kansa guda biyu, fiye da gajerun labaru 30, wasannin ayoyi biyu da waƙoƙi da yawa. An bayyana shi a matsayin "Dean of African Letters".

Ya kasance mai karɓar kyaututtuka da yawa na duniya. A shekara ta 1984, gwamnatin Faransa ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Order of the Palm saboda gudummawar da ya bayar ga Harshen Faransanci da Al'adu. Ya kasance mai karɓar lambar yabo ta Crystal ta Taron Tattalin Arziki na Duniya ta shekarar 1998 don Kyautattun Ayyuka ga Fasaha da Ilimi. A shekara ta 1998, tsohon shugaban kasar Nelson Mandela ya ba Mphahlele lambar yabo ta Southern Cross, sannan babbar lambar yabo da Gwamnatin Afirka ta Kudu ta bayar (daidai a yau da Order of Mapungubwe).

Tarihin rayuwa

Rayuwar iyali

An haifi Es'kia Mphahlele a Pretoria, a cikin Tarayyar Afirka ta Kudu, a cikin shekara ta 1919. Tun yana da shekaru biyar, ya zauna tare da kakarsa a ƙauyen Maupaneng, a cikin GaMphahlele (yanzu a cikin Garin Lepelle-Nkumpi), Lardin Limpopo, inda ya kiwon shanu da awaki. Mahaifiyarsa, Eva, ta dauke shi da 'yan uwansa biyu don su zauna tare da ita a Marabastad (2nd Avenue) lokacin da yake dan shekara 12.

Ya auri Rebecca Nnana Mochedibane, wanda aka tilasta wa iyalinsa cirewa a Vrededorp, a shekara ta 1945 (a wannan shekarar mahaifiyarsa ta mutu). Kwararren ma'aikacin zamantakewa tare da difloma daga Makarantar Jan Hofmeyer, a Johannesburg, ita da Mphahlele za su sami 'ya'ya biyar. Lokacin da ya tafi gudun hijira daga Afirka ta Kudu, ya bar dukan iyalinsa, ban da matarsa da 'ya'yansa, yana tafiya shekaru da yawa ba tare da ganin su ba. Yayinda yake Najeriya, ya taɓa ƙoƙarin amfani da fasfo na Burtaniya kafin samun 'yancin Najeriya. Ya nemi biza ta hanyar ofishin jakadancin a Nairobi, don ziyartar dan uwansa Bassie (Solomon) wanda ke fama da ciwon daji na makogwaro, amma an ƙi aikace-aikacensa.